第一讲 BeanFactory和ApplicationContext

准备工作

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.5.5</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.itheima</groupId>
    <artifactId>show</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <properties>
        <java.version>17</java.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.8</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-freemarker</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-dataformat-xml</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--<dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-indexer</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>-->

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
            <artifactId>tomcat-dbcp</artifactId>
            <version>9.0.53</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-cache</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--<dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId>
            <artifactId>tomcat-embed-jasper</artifactId>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>-->

    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

演示代码

/*
    BeanFactory 与 ApplicationContext 的区别
 */
@SpringBootApplication
public class A01 {

    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(A01.class);

    public static void main(String[] args) throws NoSuchFieldException, IllegalAccessException, IOException {

        ConfigurableApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run(A01.class, args);
        /*
            1. 到底什么是 BeanFactory
                - 它是 ApplicationContext 的父接口
                - 它才是 Spring 的核心容器, 主要的 ApplicationContext 实现都【组合】了它的功能
         */
        System.out.println(context);


        /*
            2. BeanFactory 能干点啥
                - 表面上只有 getBean
                - 实际上控制反转、基本的依赖注入、直至 Bean 的生命周期的各种功能, 都由它的实现类提供
         */
        Field singletonObjects = DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.class.getDeclaredField("singletonObjects");
        singletonObjects.setAccessible(true);
        ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = context.getBeanFactory();
        Map<String, Object> map = (Map<String, Object>) singletonObjects.get(beanFactory);
        map.entrySet().stream().filter(e -> e.getKey().startsWith("component"))
                .forEach(e -> {
                    System.out.println(e.getKey() + "=" + e.getValue());
                });

        /*
            3. ApplicationContext 比 BeanFactory 多点啥
         */
        System.out.println(context.getMessage("hi", null, Locale.CHINA));
        System.out.println(context.getMessage("hi", null, Locale.ENGLISH));
        System.out.println(context.getMessage("hi", null, Locale.JAPANESE));

        Resource[] resources = context.getResources("classpath*:META-INF/spring.factories");
        for (Resource resource : resources) {
            System.out.println(resource);
        }

        System.out.println(context.getEnvironment().getProperty("java_home"));
        System.out.println(context.getEnvironment().getProperty("server.port"));

//        context.publishEvent(new UserRegisteredEvent(context));
        context.getBean(Component1.class).register();

        /*
            4. 学到了什么
                a. BeanFactory 与 ApplicationContext 并不仅仅是简单接口继承的关系, ApplicationContext 组合并扩展了 BeanFactory 的功能
                b. 又新学一种代码之间解耦途径
            练习：完成用户注册与发送短信之间的解耦, 用事件方式、和 AOP 方式分别实现
         */
    }
}

@Component
public class Component1 {

    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Component1.class);

    @Autowired
    private ApplicationEventPublisher context;

    public void register() {
        log.debug("用户注册");
        context.publishEvent(new UserRegisteredEvent(this));
    }

}

@Component
public class Component2 {

    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Component2.class);

    @EventListener
    public void aaa(UserRegisteredEvent event) {
        log.debug("{}", event);
        log.debug("发送短信");
    }
}

public class TestMessageSource {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        GenericApplicationContext context = new GenericApplicationContext();

        context.registerBean("messageSource", MessageSource.class, () -> {
            ResourceBundleMessageSource ms = new ResourceBundleMessageSource();
            ms.setDefaultEncoding("utf-8");
            ms.setBasename("messages");
            return ms;
        });

        context.refresh();

        System.out.println(context.getMessage("hi", null, Locale.ENGLISH));
        System.out.println(context.getMessage("hi", null, Locale.CHINESE));
        System.out.println(context.getMessage("hi", null, Locale.JAPANESE));
    }
}

public class UserRegisteredEvent extends ApplicationEvent {
    public UserRegisteredEvent(Object source) {
        super(source);
    }
}