iOS 数据持久化-CoreData

在新建勾选CoreData项目,当然也可以自己添加.

这里采用自己新建一个CoreDataUtil类,使用单例模式,以便后期使用:

CoreDataUtil.h文件:

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import <CoreData/CoreData.h>
@interface CoreDataUtil : NSObject

@property (readonly, strong, nonatomic) NSManagedObjectContext *managedObjectContext;
@property (readonly, strong, nonatomic) NSManagedObjectModel *managedObjectModel;
@property (readonly, strong, nonatomic) NSPersistentStoreCoordinator *persistentStoreCoordinator;

- (void)saveContext;
- (NSURL *)applicationDocumentsDirectory;

+(CoreDataUtil *) sharedManager;
@end

CoreDataUtil.m文件:

@implementation CoreDataUtil

+(CoreDataUtil *) sharedManager{
    static CoreDataUtil *instance = nil;
    static dispatch_once_t predicate;
    dispatch_once(&predicate,^{
        instance = [[CoreDataUtil alloc]init ];
    });
    return instance;
}

#pragma mark - Core Data stack

@synthesize managedObjectContext = _managedObjectContext;
@synthesize managedObjectModel = _managedObjectModel;
@synthesize persistentStoreCoordinator = _persistentStoreCoordinator;

- (NSURL *)applicationDocumentsDirectory {
    // The directory the application uses to store the Core Data store file. This code uses a directory named "longer.CoreDataTest" in the application's documents directory.
    return [[[NSFileManager defaultManager] URLsForDirectory:NSDocumentDirectory inDomains:NSUserDomainMask] lastObject];
}

- (NSManagedObjectModel *)managedObjectModel {
    // The managed object model for the application. It is a fatal error for the application not to be able to find and load its model.
    if (_managedObjectModel != nil) {
        return _managedObjectModel;
    }
    NSURL *modelURL = [[NSBundle mainBundle] URLForResource:@"CoreDataTest" withExtension:@"momd"];
    _managedObjectModel = [[NSManagedObjectModel alloc] initWithContentsOfURL:modelURL];
    return _managedObjectModel;
}

- (NSPersistentStoreCoordinator *)persistentStoreCoordinator {
    // The persistent store coordinator for the application. This implementation creates and return a coordinator, having added the store for the application to it.
    if (_persistentStoreCoordinator != nil) {
        return _persistentStoreCoordinator;
    }
    
    // Create the coordinator and store
    
    _persistentStoreCoordinator = [[NSPersistentStoreCoordinator alloc] initWithManagedObjectModel:[self managedObjectModel]];
    NSURL *storeURL = [[self applicationDocumentsDirectory] URLByAppendingPathComponent:@"CoreDataTest.sqlite"];
    NSError *error = nil;
    NSString *failureReason = @"There was an error creating or loading the application's saved data.";
    if (![_persistentStoreCoordinator addPersistentStoreWithType:NSSQLiteStoreType configuration:nil URL:storeURL options:nil error:&error]) {
        // Report any error we got.
        NSMutableDictionary *dict = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];
        dict[NSLocalizedDescriptionKey] = @"Failed to initialize the application's saved data";
        dict[NSLocalizedFailureReasonErrorKey] = failureReason;
        dict[NSUnderlyingErrorKey] = error;
        error = [NSError errorWithDomain:@"YOUR_ERROR_DOMAIN" code:9999 userInfo:dict];
        // Replace this with code to handle the error appropriately.
        // abort() causes the application to generate a crash log and terminate. You should not use this function in a shipping application, although it may be useful during development.
        NSLog(@"Unresolved error %@, %@", error, [error userInfo]);
        abort();
    }
    
    return _persistentStoreCoordinator;
}


- (NSManagedObjectContext *)managedObjectContext {
    // Returns the managed object context for the application (which is already bound to the persistent store coordinator for the application.)
    if (_managedObjectContext != nil) {
        return _managedObjectContext;
    }
    
    NSPersistentStoreCoordinator *coordinator = [self persistentStoreCoordinator];
    if (!coordinator) {
        return nil;
    }
    _managedObjectContext = [[NSManagedObjectContext alloc] init];
    [_managedObjectContext setPersistentStoreCoordinator:coordinator];
    return _managedObjectContext;
}

#pragma mark - Core Data Saving support

- (void)saveContext {
    NSManagedObjectContext *managedObjectContext = self.managedObjectContext;
    if (managedObjectContext != nil) {
        NSError *error = nil;
        if ([managedObjectContext hasChanges] && ![managedObjectContext save:&error]) {
            // Replace this implementation with code to handle the error appropriately.
            // abort() causes the application to generate a crash log and terminate. You should not use this function in a shipping application, although it may be useful during development.
            NSLog(@"Unresolved error %@, %@", error, [error userInfo]);
            abort();
        }
    }
}

@end

具体方法其实只要在新建项目时勾选了CoreData,在AppDelegate中会自动生成,参考着copy改就成.

------------------------------------------------------------------

下面是要在某个类中利用CoreData 实现增删改查:

首先声明属性

@property (nonatomic,strong) CoreDataUtil *coreDateUtil;

@property (strong, nonatomic) NSManagedObjectContext *managedObjectContext;
@property (strong, nonatomic) NSManagedObjectModel *managedObjectModel;
@property (strong, nonatomic) NSPersistentStoreCoordinator *persistentStoreCoordinator;

再对自身的属性进行赋值,方便编程习惯

_coreDateUtil = [CoreDataUtil sharedManager];
    self.managedObjectContext = _coreDateUtil.managedObjectContext;
    self.managedObjectModel = _coreDateUtil.managedObjectModel;
    self.persistentStoreCoordinator = _coreDateUtil.persistentStoreCoordinator;

之后就是增:

- (IBAction)insert:(id)sender {
    //创建实体
    Person *newPerson = [NSEntityDescription insertNewObjectForEntityForName:@"Person" inManagedObjectContext:self.managedObjectContext];
    if (newPerson != nil) {
        newPerson.name = @"KILLER";
        newPerson.age = [NSNumber numberWithInt:20];
        
        // 保存数据
        NSError *savingError = nil;
        if ([self.managedObjectContext save:&savingError]) {
            NSLog(@"success");
        }else{
            NSLog(@"failed to save the context error = %@",savingError);
        }
    }else{
        NSLog(@"failed to create the new Person");
    }
}

删:

- (IBAction)delete:(id)sender {
    NSFetchRequest *fetchRequest = [[NSFetchRequest alloc]init];
    NSEntityDescription *entity = [NSEntityDescription entityForName:@"Person" inManagedObjectContext:self.managedObjectContext];
    [fetchRequest setEntity:entity];
    
    NSError *requestError = nil;
    NSArray *persons = [self.managedObjectContext executeFetchRequest:fetchRequest error:&requestError];
    if ([persons count]>0) {
        Person *lastPerson = [persons lastObject];
        [self.managedObjectContext deleteObject:lastPerson];
        if ([lastPerson isDeleted]) {
            NSLog(@"successful deleted the lastPerson");
            NSError *savingError = nil;
            if ([self.managedObjectContext save:&savingError]) {
                NSLog(@"successful saved the context");
            }else{
                NSLog(@"failed to save the context error = %@",savingError);
            }
        }else{
            NSLog(@"failed to deleted the lastPerson");
        }
    }else{
        NSLog(@"could not find any person in the context");
    }
    
}

改:

- (IBAction)update:(id)sender {
    NSFetchRequest *fetchRequest = [[NSFetchRequest  alloc]init];
    NSEntityDescription  *entity = [NSEntityDescription entityForName:@"Person" inManagedObjectContext:self.managedObjectContext];
    [fetchRequest setEntity:entity];
    NSError *requestError = nil;
    NSArray *persons = [self.managedObjectContext executeFetchRequest:fetchRequest error:&requestError];
    if ([persons count] > 0) {
        Person *lastPerson = [persons lastObject];
        lastPerson.name = _name.text;
        lastPerson.age = [NSNumber numberWithInt:[ _age.text intValue]];
        NSError *savingError = nil;
        if ([self.managedObjectContext save:&savingError]) {
            NSLog(@"successfully saved the context");
        }else{
            NSLog(@"failed to save the context error = %@",savingError);
        }
    }else{
        NSLog(@"could not find any person in the context");
    }
}

查:

- (IBAction)find:(id)sender {
    NSFetchRequest *fetchRequest = [[NSFetchRequest alloc]init];
    NSEntityDescription *entity = [NSEntityDescription entityForName:@"Person" inManagedObjectContext:self.managedObjectContext];
    [fetchRequest setEntity:entity];
    NSError *requestError = nil;
    NSArray *persons = [self.managedObjectContext executeFetchRequest:fetchRequest error:&requestError];
    int count = 0;
    for (Person *person in persons){
        NSLog(@"person-->%d,name = %@,age = %d",count,person.name,[person.age intValue]);
        count ++;
    }
    
}