shell快速入门

#!/bin/sh

echo "\n........字符串............"

my_name="lanwh6" #定义变量

#readonly my_name 设置只读不能重新赋值，不能unset

echo "hello world, ${my_name}"

 

echo "${my_name}的长度：\c"

echo ${my_name}

#echo ${my_name:1:2} #截取字符串

echo "${my_name}被unset（删除后的值）：\c"

unset my_name

echo $my_name

 

echo "\n........数组............"

#array_name=(1,2,3,4) bash不兼容sh

array_name[0]="lan"

array_name[1]="w"

array_name[2]="h"

array_name[3]=666

echo ${array_name[1]}

echo ${array_name[@]} #打印所有

echo ${array_name[*]}

echo ${#array_name[@]} #打印数组长度

echo ${#array_name[*]}

echo ${#array_name[1]} #打印数组单个元素长度

echo ${#array_name[3]}

 

echo "\n........传参............"

echo "文件名：$0"

echo "参数1：$1"

echo "参数2：$2"

if [ $1 ]

then

    echo "参数1有值"

else

    echo "参数1为空"

fi

if [ $2 ]

then

    echo "参数2有值"

else

    echo "参数2为空"

fi

 

if[ "$1" != "" -o "$2" != "" ]

then

echo ' "$@"循环打印传入参数： '

for i in "$@" ; do

    echo $i

done

echo ' "$*"循环打印传入参数： '

for i in "$*" ; do

    echo $i

done

fi

 

echo "\n........运算符..........."

a=10

b=12

result=`expr $a + $b` # +、-、*、/、%

echo "${a}+${b}=${result}"

result=`expr $a - $b`

echo "${a}-${b}=${result}"

result=`expr $a \* $b`

echo "${a}*${b}=${result}"

result=`expr $a / $b`

echo "${a}/${b}=${result}"

result=`expr $a % $b`

echo "${a}%${b}=${result}"

 

echo "\n${a}+${b}=$(($a+$b))"

echo "\n${a}-${b}=$(($a-$b))"

echo "\n${a}*${b}=$(($a*$b))"

echo "\n${a}/${b}=$(($a/$b))"

echo "\n${a}%${b}=$(($a%$b))"

 

echo "\n........流程控制与test..........."

echo "文件判断：-e存在、-r可读、-x可执行、-d目录、-f文件、-s文件是否为空"

echo "字符串判断：!、-o或、-a与、=、!=、-z、-n、str"

echo "数字判断：-eq、-ne、-gt、-lt、-ge、-le"

 

echo "\n........函数.........."

test1(){

echo "test1函数"

}

test1 #调用test1函数

test2(){

echo "请输入数字1："

read aa

echo "请输入数字2："

read bb

return $(($aa+$bb))

}

test2

echo "函数test2的和是：$?"

echo "函数test3"

test3(){

echo $1

echo ${10}

}

test3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 55

 

echo "\n........echo使用.........."

echo '单引号不会转义：$a'

echo ' `date`打印当前日期：\c'

echo `date`

 

echo "\n........导入外部文件test1.sh.........."

../test1.sh  # source ./test1.sh也可以

echo "百度网址：${url}"