Java开发中JDBC连接数据库步骤及代码

1、加载驱动                               Class.forName(“驱动”);

2、连接数据库                           Connection con =   DriverManager.getConnection(url , username , password ) ;

3、创建一个Statement            Statement stmt = con.createStatement() ; 或者PreparedStatement pstmt = con.prepareStatement(sql) ;

4、执行SQL语句                      ResultSet rs = stmt.ececuteQuery("select  *  from   ......");

5、处理结果                              while(rs.next()){ String name = rs.getString("name");   或者   String name = rs.getString(1);  }

6、关闭jdbc对象                      rs.close(); stmt.close();   con.close();

示例：

连接oracle数据库

public class ConnOracle {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
          Connection conn = null;
          Statementstmt = null;
          ResultSet rs= null;
         try {
               Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver");
               String url ="jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:orcl";

               String user = "system";

               String psaaword ="12345";               
               conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, usern,password); 
               stmt =conn.createStatement();
               rs = stmt.executeQuery("select * from  ruby");
               while (rs.next()){
                        System.out.println(rs.getString("sid") +" "+rs.getString("sname"));
               }
  
              //添加数据用executeUpdate
              //stmt.executeUpdate("insert into ss values(7,'张三')");
    
             //修改数据用executeUpdate
             //stmt.executeUpdate("update ss set name = '张四' where id =5");
    
            //删除 数据用executeUpdate
            //stmt.executeUpdate("delete from ss where id = 6");
    
     } catch(Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
      } finally{
           try {

                  if(rs != null){  rs.close(); }

                  if(stmt != null){ stmt.close(); }

                  if(con != null){ con.close();  }
                } catch (SQLException e) {
                   e.printStackTrace();
                 }
    }

 }

}

连接mySql数据库

public class ConnMySQL {
 

public static void main(String[] args) {
  Connection conn=null;
  PreparedStatement pre =null;

  ResultSet rs= null;
  try {
     Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
     conn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test","user","password");  //jdbc:mysql://host:port/database
     pre = conn.prepareStatement("select * from User where name=?");

     pre.setString(1,"zhangsan");

     rs=pre.executeQuery();

    while (rs.next()){
            System.out.println(rs.getString("sid") +" "+rs.getString("sname"));
       }

  }  catch (Exception e){
   e.printStackTrace();
  }finally{

          try {

                  if(rs != null){  rs.close(); }

                  if(stmt != null){ stmt.close(); }

                  if(con != null){ con.close();  }
                } catch (SQLException e) {
                   e.printStackTrace();
                 }
    } 

  }
}

连接SqlServer数据库

Class.forName("com.microsoft.jdbc.sqlserver.SQLServerDriver");
Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:microsoft:sqlserver://localhost:1433;DatabaseName=test","user","password");
将驱动、url、userName、password替换即可