shell的几个实际小例子

1. 写一个脚本，利用循环计算10的阶乘

#!/bin/sh

 

factorial=1

 

for a in `seq 1 10`

do

        factorial=`expr $factorial \* $a`

done

 

echo "10! = $factorial"

注：上面有一行，for a in `seq 1 10`,其中seq 1 10 , 即列出现1到10之间所有的数字，这一行也可改为：for a in "1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10"

2. 写一个脚本，执行后，打印一行提示“Please input a number:"，要求用户输入数值，然
后打印出该数值，然后再次要求用户输入数值。直到用户输入"end"停止。

#!/bin/sh

 

unset var

 

while [   "$var" != "end" ]

do

      echo -n "please input a number: "

      read var

      if [ "$var" = "end" ]

      then

          break

      fi

      echo "var is $var"

done

 

3. 写一个脚本，利用循环和continue关键字，计算100以内能被3整除的数之和

#!/bin/sh

 

sum=0

for a in `seq 1 100`

do

      if [ `expr $a % 3` -ne 0 ]

      then

            continue

      fi

      echo $a

      sum=`expr $sum + $a`

done

 

echo "sum = $sum"

 

4．一个函数，利用shift计算所有参数乘积，假设参数均为整数( 特殊变量$# 表示包含参数的个数)

#! /bin/sh

 

result=1

while [ $# -gt 0 ]

do

      result=`expr $result \* $1`

      shift

done

echo $result

 

 

5．写一个脚本，可以根据参数文件名，以正确的参数调用tar来解压缩tar.gz或tar.bz2文件。

#!/bin/sh

 

case ${1##*.tar.} in

      bz2)

          tar jxvf $1

          ;;

      gz)

          tar zxvf $1

          ;;

      *)

          echo "wrong file type"

esac

 

6．写一个脚本以方便用户查询rpm的相关信息。这个脚本首先提示用户选择查询依据，比如
文件名，包名，全部等。然后提示用户选择查询信息，比如包名，包里所包含的所有文件，
包的信息等。然后询问是否继续查询，是则循环刚才的过程，否则退出。

#!/bin/sh

RPM=/bin/rpm

option="-q"

 

while true

do

        echo "what to query?"

        select var in   "All" "file" "package name"

        do

               case $var in

               All)

                       option=$option"a"

                       break

                      ;;

               file)

                       echo -n "please input file name: "

                       option=$option"f"

                       read argument

                       break

                      ;;

                package\ name)

                       echo -n "please input package name: "

                       read argument

                       break

                      ;;

               *)

                       echo "please choose between 1-3"

                      ;;

               esac

        done

 

        echo "what do you want to know?"

        select var in "location" "info" "package name"

        do

               case $var in

                location)

                       option=$option"l"

                       break

                      ;;

               info)

                       option=$option"i"

                       break

                      ;;

                package\ name)

                       break

                      ;;

               *)

                       echo "please choose between 1-3"

                      ;;

               esac

        done

 

        ${RPM}   $option $argument

 

        echo "continue? [yes/no]"

        read answer

 

        if [ answer = "no" ]

        then

               break

        fi

done