Spring Boot（二）

Spring Boot中使用数据库，这里以MySQL举例。

首先我们知道Spring Boot使用JPA(Java Persistence API)资源库来实现对数据库的操作。那么我们在pom中依赖一下JPA和MySQL：

创建对应的实体

部门：

package com.example.demo.bean;

import javax.persistence.*;

@Entity
@Table(name = "department")
public class Department {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private Long id;
    @Column(name = "name")
    private String name;

    public Department(){}
    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
}

用户：

package com.example.demo.bean;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonBackReference;
import org.springframework.format.annotation.DateTimeFormat;

import javax.persistence.*;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

@Entity
@Table(name = "user")
public class User implements Serializable {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = -1L;
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private Long id;
    @Column(name = "name")
    private String name;
    @DateTimeFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")
    @Column(name = "createdate")
    private Date createdate;
    @ManyToOne
    @JoinColumn(name = "did")
    @JsonBackReference//防止关系对象的递归访问
    private Department Department;
    @ManyToMany(cascade = {}, fetch = FetchType.EAGER)
    @JoinTable(name = "user_role",
        joinColumns = {@JoinColumn(name = "user_id")},
        inverseJoinColumns = {@JoinColumn(name = "roles_id")})
    private List<Role> roles;

    public User(){}

    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Date getCreatedate() {
        return createdate;
    }

    public void setCreatedate(Date createdate) {
        this.createdate = createdate;
    }

    public Department getDeparment() {
        return Department;
    }

    public void setDeparment(Department Department) {
        this.Department = Department;
    }

    public List<Role> getRoles() {
        return roles;
    }

    public void setRoles(List<Role> roles) {
        this.roles = roles;
    }
}

角色：

package com.example.demo.bean;

import javax.persistence.*;

@Entity
@Table(name = "relo")
public class Role{
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private Long id;
    @Column(name = "name")
    private String name;

    public Role(){}

    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
}

接下来，使用JPA对实体持久化，其实只要继承JpaRepository接口就行了：

package com.example.demo.jpaRepository;

import com.example.demo.bean.Department;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;

public interface DepartmentRepository extends JpaRepository<Department, Long> {}

package com.example.demo.jpaRepository;

import com.example.demo.bean.Role;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;

public interface RoleRepository extends JpaRepository<Role, Long> {}

package com.example.demo.jpaRepository;

import com.example.demo.bean.User;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;

public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User, Long> {}

在MySQL数据中创建一个数据库test，用户名，密码设置为root，root。

然后在Spring Boot的配置文件application.properties中配置数据源和JPA的工作模式

spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=root
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update

最后在test里面写我们的测试程序：（PS：一定要注意写这个注解@SpringBootTest，不然Spring Boot没启动，会报注入错误，哈哈，我就犯傻过，不过人傻就要多读书 ）

package com.example.demo;

import com.example.demo.bean.*;
import com.example.demo.jpaRepository.DepartmentRepository;
import com.example.demo.jpaRepository.RoleRepository;
import com.example.demo.jpaRepository.UserRepository;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Page;
import org.springframework.data.domain.PageRequest;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.util.Assert;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class MysqlTest {
    private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MysqlTest.class);

    @Autowired
    private UserRepository userRepository;
    @Autowired
    DepartmentRepository DepartmentRepository;
    @Autowired
    RoleRepository roleRepository;

    @Before
    public void initData(){
        userRepository.deleteAll();
        roleRepository.deleteAll();
        DepartmentRepository.deleteAll();

        Department Department = new Department();
        Department.setName("开发部");
        DepartmentRepository.save(Department);
        Assert.notNull(Department.getId());

        Role role = new Role();
        role.setName("admin");
        roleRepository.save(role);
        Assert.notNull(role.getId());

        User user = new User();
        user.setName("user");
        user.setCreatedate(new Date());
        user.setDeparment(Department);
        List<Role> roles = roleRepository.findAll();
        Assert.notNull(roles);
        user.setRoles(roles);
        userRepository.save(user);
        Assert.notNull(user.getId());
    }

    @Test
    public void findPage(){
        Pageable pageable = new PageRequest(0, 10, new Sort(Sort.Direction.ASC, "id"));
        Page<User> page = userRepository.findAll(pageable);
        for (User user : page.getContent()){
            logger.info("====user==== user name:{}, Department name:{}, role name: {}", user.getName(),user.getDeparment().getName(), user.getRoles().get(0).getName());
        }
    }
}

结果如下所示：

再看一下数据库：

已经自动生成表。

最后，Spring Boot使用的是ORM框架hibernate，这个还是很好用的。

好啦，就这么愉快的完成啦。