spring-data-Redis为spring-data模块中对redis的支持部分,简称为“SDR”,提供了基于jedis客户端API的高度封装以及与spring容器的整合,事实上jedis客户端已经足够简单和轻量级,而spring-data-redis反而具有“过度设计”的嫌疑。
一. jedis客户端在编程实施方面存在如下不足:
1) connection管理缺乏自动化,connection-pool的设计缺少必要的容器支持。
2) 数据操作需要关注“序列化”/“反序列化”,因为jedis的客户端API接受的数据类型为string和byte,对结构化数据(json,xml,pojo等)操作需要额外的支持。
3) 事务操作纯粹为硬编码
4) pub/sub功能,缺乏必要的设计模式支持,对于开发者而言需要关注的太多。
不过jedis与spring整合,也是非常的简单,参见“jedis连接池实例”.
二. spring-data-redis针对jedis提供了如下功能:
1. 连接池自动管理,提供了一个高度封装的“RedisTemplate”类
2. 针对jedis客户端中大量api进行了归类封装,将同一类型操作封装为operation接口
3. 提供了对key的“bound”(绑定)便捷化操作API,可以通过bound封装指定的key,然后进行一系列的操作而无须“显式”的再次指定Key,即BoundKeyOperations:
- BoundValueOperations
- BoundSetOperations
- BoundListOperations
- BoundSetOperations
- BoundHashOperations
4. 将事务操作封装,有容器控制。
5. 针对数据的“序列化/反序列化”,提供了多种可选择策略(RedisSerializer)
- JdkSerializationRedisSerializer:POJO对象的存取场景,使用JDK本身序列化机制,将pojo类通过ObjectInputStream/ObjectOutputStream进行序列化操作,最终redis-server中将存储字节序列。是目前最常用的序列化策略。
- StringRedisSerializer:Key或者value为字符串的场景,根据指定的charset对数据的字节序列编码成string,是“new String(bytes, charset)”和“string.getBytes(charset)”的直接封装。是最轻量级和高效的策略。
- JacksonJsonRedisSerializer:jackson-json工具提供了javabean与json之间的转换能力,可以将pojo实例序列化成json格式存储在redis中,也可以将json格式的数据转换成pojo实例。因为jackson工具在序列化和反序列化时,需要明确指定Class类型,因此此策略封装起来稍微复杂。【需要jackson-mapper-asl工具支持】
- OxmSerializer:提供了将javabean与xml之间的转换能力,目前可用的三方支持包括jaxb,apache-xmlbeans;redis存储的数据将是xml工具。不过使用此策略,编程将会有些难度,而且效率最低;不建议使用。【需要spring-oxm模块的支持】
针对“序列化和发序列化”中JdkSerializationRedisSerializer和StringRedisSerializer是最基础的策略,原则上,我们可以将数据存储为任何格式以便应用程序存取和解析(其中应用包括app,Hadoop等其他工具),不过在设计时仍然不推荐直接使用“JacksonJsonRedisSerializer”和“OxmSerializer”,因为无论是json还是xml,他们本身仍然是String。
如果你的数据需要被第三方工具解析,那么数据应该使用StringRedisSerializer而不是JdkSerializationRedisSerializer。
如果你的数据格式必须为json或者xml,那么在编程级别,在redisTemplate配置中仍然使用StringRedisSerializer,在存储之前或者读取之后,使用“SerializationUtils”工具转换转换成json或者xml,请参见下文实例。
6. 基于设计模式,和JMS开发思路,将pub/sub的API设计进行了封装,使开发更加便捷。
7.spring-data-redis中,并没有对sharding提供良好的封装,如果你的架构是基于sharding,那么你需要自己去实现,这也是sdr和jedis相比,唯一缺少的特性。
三. 有关BoundKeyOperations中API的用法
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- public void boundHashOps(String tableName) {
- System.out.println("==================Hash==============");
- BoundHashOperations<String, String, String> ops = stringRedisTemplate
- .boundHashOps(tableName);
- stringRedisTemplate.delete("student");
- stringRedisTemplate.delete("student:1");
- ops.put("cs01", "123");
- String key1 = ops.getKey();
- System.out.println("key1:" + key1);
- String key11 = ops.get("cs01");
- System.out.println("key11:" + key11);
-
- ops.putIfAbsent("cs02", "456");
- String key2 = ops.getKey();
- System.out.println("ops.getKey()-key2:" + key2);
- String key21 = ops.get("cs02");
- System.out.println("ops.get(cs02)-key21:" + key21);
-
- Map<String, String> maps = ops.entries();
- for (String key : maps.keySet()) {
- System.out.println("map-key:" + key + "map-value:" + maps.get(key));
- }
-
- System.out.println("ops.getExpire():" + ops.getExpire());
- System.out.println("ops.expireAt(new Date()):"
- + ops.expireAt(new Date()));
- System.out.println("ops.getType():" + ops.getType());
- System.out.println("ops.hasKey(cs01):" + ops.hasKey("cs01"));
- System.out.println("ops.hasKey(cs02):" + ops.hasKey("cs02"));
- System.out.println("ops.size():" + ops.size());
-
- Set<String> keys = ops.keys();
- for (String string : keys) {
- System.out.println("ops.keys():" + string);
- }
-
- System.out.println("ops.values():" + ops.values());
- System.out.println("ops.size():" + ops.size());
-
- ops.delete("cs01");
- }
-
-
-
-
-
-
- public void opsForHash(String tableName) {
- System.out.println("==================Hash==============");
- HashOperations<String, Object, Object> ops = stringRedisTemplate
- .opsForHash();
- stringRedisTemplate.delete("student");
- stringRedisTemplate.delete("student:1");
- ops.put(tableName, "cs01", "123");
- Object key11 = ops.get(tableName, "cs01");
- System.out.println("key11:" + key11);
-
- ops.putIfAbsent(tableName, "cs02", "456");
- Object key21 = ops.get(tableName, "cs02");
- System.out.println("ops.get(cs02)-key21:" + key21);
-
- Map<Object, Object> maps = ops.entries(tableName);
- for (Object key : maps.keySet()) {
- System.out.println("map-key:" + key + "map-value:" + maps.get(key));
- }
-
- System.out.println("ops.hasKey(cs01):"
- + ops.hasKey(tableName, "cs01"));
- System.out.println("ops.hasKey(cs02):"
- + ops.hasKey(tableName, "cs02"));
- System.out.println("ops.size():" + ops.size(tableName));
-
- Set<Object> keys = ops.keys(tableName);
- for (Object string : keys) {
- System.out.println("ops.keys():" + string);
- }
-
- System.out.println("ops.values():"
- + ops.values(tableName));
- System.out.println("ops.size():"
- + ops.size(tableName));
-
- ops.delete("cs01");
- }
-
-
-
-
-
-
- public void boundListOps(String tableName) {
- System.out.println("==================List==============");
- BoundListOperations<String, String> ops = stringRedisTemplate
- .boundListOps(tableName);
- ops.leftPush("cs01");
- ops.leftPushIfPresent("cs011");
- ops.leftPush("cs01", "cs0111");
- ops.leftPushAll("cs01111", "cs011111");
-
- List<String> values = ops.range(0, -1);
- for (String string : values) {
- System.out.println("letf push:" + string);
- }
-
- ops.rightPush("cs02");
- ops.rightPushIfPresent("cs022");
- ops.rightPush("cs02", "cs0222");
- ops.rightPushAll("cs02222", "cs022222");
-
- ops.set(0, "cs04");
-
-
- List<String> values1 = ops.range(0, -1);
- for (String string : values1) {
- System.out.println("right push:" + string);
- }
-
- List<String> values2 = ops.range(1, 2);
- for (String string : values2) {
- System.out.println("right push1:" + string);
- }
- System.out.println("ops.index(1):" + ops.index(0));
- System.out.println("ops.remove(0, cs01):"
- + ops.remove(0, "cs01"));
- System.out.println("ops.leftPop():" + ops.leftPop());
- System.out.println("ops.rightPop():" + ops.rightPop());
- System.out.println("ops.remove(0, cs01)1:"
- + ops.remove(0, "cs01"));
-
-
- }
-
- public void boundSetOps() {
- System.out.println("==================Set==============");
- String tableName2 = "caoshuai03";
- BoundSetOperations<String, String> ops = stringRedisTemplate
- .boundSetOps(tableName2);
-
- String[] values = { "cs03", "cs04" };
- System.out.println("ops.add(values):"
- + ops.add(values));
-
- Set<String> sets1 = ops.members();
- for (String string : sets1) {
- System.out.println("ops.members()1:" + string);
- }
-
-
- System.out.println("ops.randomMember():" + ops.randomMember());
-
- System.out.println("ops.randomMembers(1):" + ops.randomMembers(1));
-
- System.out.println("ops.randomMembers(2):" + ops.randomMembers(2));
-
- System.out.println("ops.distinctRandomMembers(1):"
- + ops.distinctRandomMembers(1));
- System.out.println("ops.distinctRandomMembers(2):"
- + ops.distinctRandomMembers(2));
-
- System.out.println(ops.isMember("cs04"));
- System.out.println(ops.isMember("cs01"));
-
- System.out.println(ops.size());
-
- System.out.println(ops.getKey());
-
- System.out.println(ops.getType());
-
- Set<String> set7 = ops.diff("caoshuai02");
- for (String string : set7) {
- System.out.println("ops.diff(caoshuai02):" + string);
- }
-
-
- Set<String> set8 = ops.intersect("caoshuai02");
- for (String string : set8) {
- System.out.println("ops.intersect(caoshuai02):" + string);
- }
-
-
- Set<String> set6 = ops.union("caoshuai02");
- for (String string : set6) {
- System.out.println("ops.union(caoshuai02):" + string);
- }
-
-
- List<String> keys = new ArrayList<String>();
- keys.add("caoshuai02");
- Set<String> set = ops.intersect(keys);
- for (String string : set) {
- System.out.println("ops.intersect(keys):" + string);
- }
-
-
- List<String> keys1 = new ArrayList<String>();
- keys1.add("caoshuai02");
- Set<String> set3 = ops.diff(keys);
- for (String string : set3) {
- System.out.println("ops.diff(keys)3:" + string);
- }
-
-
- List<String> keys2 = new ArrayList<String>();
- keys2.add("caoshuai02");
- Set<String> set4 = ops.union(keys2);
- for (String string : set4) {
- System.out.println("ops.union(keys2):" + string);
- }
-
-
- ops.diffAndStore("caoshuai02", "caoshuai04");
-
-
-
- ops.intersectAndStore("caoshuai02", "caoshuai05");
-
-
-
- ops.unionAndStore("caoshuai02", "caoshuai06");
-
-
-
- System.out.println(ops.move("caoshuai07", "cs03"));
-
- System.out.println(ops.move("caoshuai07", "cs01"));
-
- System.out.println(ops.pop());
-
- System.out.println(ops.remove("cs03"));
- System.out.println(ops.remove("cs01"));
- }
-
- public void boundValueOps() {
- System.out.println("==================String==============");
- String tableName2 = "LiMing01";
- BoundValueOperations<String, String> ops = stringRedisTemplate
- .boundValueOps(tableName2);
-
- System.out.println(ops.append("stu01"));
-
-
- System.out.println(ops.getAndSet("stu02"));
-
- System.out.println(ops.get());
-
- System.out.println(ops.get(0, 1));
- System.out.println(ops.get(0, 5));
-
- System.out.println(ops.size());
- ops.set("stu03");
- System.out.println("ops.set(stu03):" + ops.get());
- ops.set("stu04", 0);
- System.out.println("ops.set(stu04, 0):" + ops.get());
-
-
- System.out.println(ops.setIfAbsent("stu04"));
- System.out.println("ops.setIfAbsent(stu04):" +ops.get());
-
- stringRedisTemplate.delete(tableName2);
-
- System.out.println(ops.setIfAbsent("stu06"));
- System.out.println("ops.setIfAbsent(stu06):" + ops.get());
- ops.set("stu05", 30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
- }
-
- public void boundZSetOps() {
- System.out.println("==================Zset==============");
- String tableName2 = "LiMing03";
- BoundZSetOperations<String, String> ops = stringRedisTemplate
- .boundZSetOps(tableName2);
-
- System.out.println(ops.add("stu01", 1));
- System.out.println(ops.add("stu03", 1));
-
- System.out.println(ops.count(0, 1));
-
-
-
- System.out.println(ops.incrementScore("stu04", 4));
-
- ops.intersectAndStore("LiMing02", "LiMing04");
-
- ops.unionAndStore("LiMing02", "LiMing05");
-
-
- Set<TypedTuple<String>> sets = new HashSet<TypedTuple<String>>();
- TypedTuple<String> typedTuple = new TypedTuple<String>() {
-
- @Override
- public int compareTo(TypedTuple<String> o) {
-
- return 0;
- }
-
- @Override
- public String getValue() {
-
- return "stu06";
- }
-
- @Override
- public Double getScore() {
-
- return 6.0;
- }
- };
- sets.add(typedTuple);
- ops.add(sets);
-
- Set<String> set1 = ops.range(0, -1);
- for (String string : set1) {
- System.out.println("ops.range(0, 1):" + string);
- }
-
- Set<String> set2 = ops.rangeByScore(1, 4);
- for (String string : set2) {
- System.out.println("ops.rangeByScore(0, 4):" + string);
- }
-
-
- Set<TypedTuple<String>> set3 = ops.rangeWithScores(0, 4);
- for (TypedTuple<String> string : set3) {
- System.out.println("ops.rangeByScore(0, 4):" + string.getValue()
- + "score:" + string.getScore());
- }
-
- System.out.println(ops.remove("stu01"));
-
- Set<String> set5 = ops.range(0, -1);
- for (String string : set5) {
- System.out.println("ops.range(0, 1)5:" + string);
- }
-
- ops.removeRangeByScore(1, 4);
-
- Set<String> set6 = ops.range(0, -1);
- for (String string : set6) {
- System.out.println("ops.range(0, 1)6:" + string);
- }
-
- ops.removeRange(0, 1);
-
- Set<String> set7 = ops.range(0, -1);
- for (String string : set7) {
- System.out.println("ops.range(0, 1)7:" + string);
- }
- }