列表滚动过程
开始之前,我们想一下一个列表的滚动过程是怎样的?
列表的滚动一般分为两种:
-
手指按下 -> 手指拖拽列表移动 -> 手指停止拖拽 -> 抬起手指
-
手指按下 -> 手指快速拖拽后抬起手指 -> 列表继续滚动 -> 停止滚动
从上面可以看出,滚动状态分为:
|--静止
|--滚动
|--被迫拖拽移动
|--自己滚动
上面的过程的状态变化如下:
-
静止 -> 被迫拖拽移动 -> 静止
-
静止 -> 被迫拖拽移动 -> 自己滚动 -> 静止
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监听RecyclerView的滚动
好了,我们分析完滚动的过程,再看看如何监听RecyclerView的滚动.查看源码是最好的方法.
看源码
查看RecyclerView的源码,我们可以看到以下代码:
/**
* Set a listener that will be notified of any changes in scroll state or position.
* @param listener Listener to set or null to clear
* @deprecated Use {@link #addOnScrollListener(OnScrollListener)} and
* {@link #removeOnScrollListener(OnScrollListener)}
*/
@Deprecated
public void setOnScrollListener(OnScrollListener listener) {
mScrollListener = listener;
}
/**
* Add a listener that will be notified of any changes in scroll state or position.
* <p>Components that add a listener should take care to remove it when finished.
* Other components that take ownership of a view may call {@link #clearOnScrollListeners()}
* to remove all attached listeners.</p>
* @param listener listener to set or null to clear
*/
public void addOnScrollListener(OnScrollListener listener) {
if (mScrollListeners == null) {
mScrollListeners = new ArrayList<>();
}
mScrollListeners.add(listener);
}
也就是说有两种方式可以监听滚动事件:
setOnScrollListener()
addOnScrollListener()
其中 setOnScrollListener 已经过时( @deprecated
),建议使用 addOnScrollListener.如果在源码中没有 addOnScrollListener 方法,可能你的版本过旧,请升级recyclerview包.
设置的监听器源码如下:
public abstract static class OnScrollListener {
/**
* Callback method to be invoked when RecyclerView's scroll state changes.
* @param recyclerView The RecyclerView whose scroll state has changed.
* @param newState The updated scroll state. One of {@link #SCROLL_STATE_IDLE},
* {@link #SCROLL_STATE_DRAGGING} or {@link #SCROLL_STATE_SETTLING}.
*/
public void onScrollStateChanged(RecyclerView recyclerView, int newState){}
/**
* Callback method to be invoked when the RecyclerView has been scrolled. This will be
* called after the scroll has completed.
* <p>
* This callback will also be called if visible item range changes after a layout
* calculation. In that case, dx and dy will be 0.
*
* @param recyclerView The RecyclerView which scrolled.
* @param dx The amount of horizontal scroll.
* @param dy The amount of vertical scroll.
*/
public void onScrolled(RecyclerView recyclerView, int dx, int dy){}
}
在滚动过程中,此监听器会回调两个方法.
onScrollStateChanged : 滚动状态变化时回调onScrolled : 滚动时回调
这两者的区别在于: 状态与过程
举例子
注 : 以下源码可在最后的地址中找到.
demoRv = (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.demo_rv);
layoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this);
demoRv.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);
demoRv.addItemDecoration(new DividerItemDecoration(this, DividerItemDecoration.VERTICAL_LIST));
bookAdapter = new BookAdapter();
bookAdapter.fillList(MockService.getBookList());
demoRv.setAdapter(bookAdapter);
demoRv.addOnScrollListener(new RecyclerView.OnScrollListener() {
@Override
public void onScrollStateChanged(RecyclerView recyclerView, int newState) {
super.onScrollStateChanged(recyclerView, newState);
Log.i(TAG, "-----------onScrollStateChanged-----------");
Log.i(TAG, "newState: " + newState);
}
@Override
public void onScrolled(RecyclerView recyclerView, int dx, int dy) {
super.onScrolled(recyclerView, dx, dy);
Log.i(TAG, "-----------onScrolled-----------");
Log.i(TAG, "dx: " + dx);
Log.i(TAG, "dy: " + dy);
Log.i(TAG, "CHECK_SCROLL_UP: " + recyclerView.canScrollVertically(TAG_CHECK_SCROLL_UP));
Log.i(TAG, "CHECK_SCROLL_DOWN: " + recyclerView.canScrollVertically(TAG_CHECK_SCROLL_DOWN));
}
});
以上代码中输出了主要个几个信息:
-
newState : 目前的状态
-
dx : 水平滚动距离
-
dy : 垂直滚动距离
onScrollStateChanged 方法
在 void onScrollStateChanged(RecyclerView recyclerView, int newState)
中回调两个变量:
-
recyclerView : 当前在滚动的RecyclerView
-
newState : 当前滚动状态.
其中newState有三种值:
//正在滚动
public static final int SCROLL_STATE_IDLE = 0;
//正在被外部拖拽,一般为用户正在用手指滚动
public static final int SCROLL_STATE_DRAGGING = 1;
//自动滚动开始
public static final int SCROLL_STATE_SETTLING = 2;
onScrolled 方法
在 void onScrolled(RecyclerView recyclerView, int dx, int dy)
方法中回调了三个变量:
-
recyclerView : 当前滚动的view
-
dx : 水平滚动距离
-
dy : 垂直滚动距离
真机实践
运行代码
运行以上代码,然后按照上面的滚动过程分别进行两种滚动.
第一种方式缓慢滚动结果如下:
I/MainActivity: -----------onScrollStateChanged-----------
I/MainActivity: newState: 1
I/MainActivity: -----------onScrolled-----------
I/MainActivity: dx: 0
I/MainActivity: dy: -6
I/MainActivity: CHECK_SCROLL_UP: true
I/MainActivity: CHECK_SCROLL_DOWN: true
------------------------n个onScrolled--------------------
I/MainActivity: -----------onScrolled-----------
I/MainActivity: dx: 0
I/MainActivity: dy: -2
I/MainActivity: CHECK_SCROLL_UP: true
I/MainActivity: CHECK_SCROLL_DOWN: false
I/MainActivity: -----------onScrollStateChanged-----------
I/MainActivity: newState: 0
第二种快速滚动结果如下:
I/MainActivity: -----------onScrollStateChanged-----------
I/MainActivity: newState: 1
I/MainActivity: -----------onScrolled-----------
I/MainActivity: dx: 0
I/MainActivity: dy: 59
I/MainActivity: CHECK_SCROLL_UP: true
I/MainActivity: CHECK_SCROLL_DOWN: true
--------------------------n个onScrolled-------------------
I/MainActivity: -----------onScrolled-----------
I/MainActivity: dx: 0
I/MainActivity: dy: 54
I/MainActivity: CHECK_SCROLL_UP: true
I/MainActivity: CHECK_SCROLL_DOWN: true
I/MainActivity: -----------onScrollStateChanged-----------
I/MainActivity: newState: 2
I/MainActivity: -----------onScrolled-----------
I/MainActivity: dx: 0
I/MainActivity: dy: 56
I/MainActivity: CHECK_SCROLL_UP: true
I/MainActivity: CHECK_SCROLL_DOWN: true
--------------------------n个onScrolled-------------------
I/MainActivity: -----------onScrolled-----------
I/MainActivity: dx: 0
I/MainActivity: dy: 14
I/MainActivity: CHECK_SCROLL_UP: true
I/MainActivity: CHECK_SCROLL_DOWN: true
I/MainActivity: -----------onScrolled-----------
I/MainActivity: dx: 0
I/MainActivity: dy: 1
I/MainActivity: CHECK_SCROLL_UP: true
I/MainActivity: CHECK_SCROLL_DOWN: true
I/MainActivity: -----------onScrollStateChanged-----------
I/MainActivity: newState: 0
分析结果
且在滚动过程中发现:
1.滚动方向
dy > 0 时为向上滚动
dy < 0 时为向下滚动
2.回调过程
缓慢拖拽回调过程:
1. newState = RecyclerView.SCROLL_STATE_DRAGGING;
2. dy 多次改变
3. newState = RecyclerView.SCROLL_STATE_IDLE
快速滚动回调过程:
1. newState = RecyclerView.SCROLL_STATE_DRAGGING;
2. dy 多次改变
3. newState = RecyclerView.SCROLL_STATE_SETTLING;
4. dy 多次改变
5. newState = RecyclerView.SCROLL_STATE_IDLE;
3.顶端与底部
以上信息中还打印了 canScrollVertically
的信息,其中:
RecyclerView.canScrollVertically(1)
的值表示是否滚动到 底部
RecyclerView.canScrollVertically(-1)
的值表示是否滚动到 顶部
封装
基于以上,我们可以封装一个可以回调滚动状态和方向的RecyclerView.
先建立事件监听的接口 OnScrollCallback
,代码如下:
public interface OnScrollCallback {
void onStateChanged(ScrollRecycler recycler, int state);
void onScrollUp(ScrollRecycler recycler, int dy);
void onScrollDown(ScrollRecycler recycler, int dy);
}
再写一个类 ScrollRecycler
继承 RecyclerView
,在类中添加以下方法:
public void setOnScrollCallback(final OnScrollCallback callback) {
if (callback == null) {
return;
}
addOnScrollListener(new OnScrollListener() {
@Override
public void onScrollStateChanged(RecyclerView recyclerView, int newState) {
super.onScrollStateChanged(recyclerView, newState);
callback.onStateChanged(ScrollRecycler.this, newState);
}
@Override
public void onScrolled(RecyclerView recyclerView, int dx, int dy) {
super.onScrolled(recyclerView, dx, dy);
if (dy > 0) {
callback.onScrollDown(ScrollRecycler.this, dy);
} else {
callback.onScrollUp(ScrollRecycler.this, dy);
}
}
});
}
测试以下是否可行,下面直接给出测试结果:
I/MainActivity: onStateChanged: state:1
I/MainActivity: onScrollDown: 7
I/MainActivity: onScrollDown: 4
I/MainActivity: onScrollDown: 4
I/MainActivity: onScrollDown: 4
I/MainActivity: onStateChanged: state:0
I/MainActivity: onStateChanged: state:1
I/MainActivity: onScrollUp: -11
I/MainActivity: onScrollUp: -8
I/MainActivity: onScrollUp: -9
I/MainActivity: onStateChanged: state:0
完毕,以上就是对RecyclerView的滚动的简单研究,项目代码地址如下: Dev-Wiki/RecyclerScroll: RecyclerView滚动的Demo
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