Akka并发编程——第二节：Actor模型(一）

本节主要内容

1. 定义Actor
2. 创建Actor

1. 定义Actor

通过扩展akka.actor.Actor 特质并实现receive方法来定义Actor，代码示例如下

//通过扩展Actor并实现receive方法来定义Actor
class MyActor extends Actor {
   
    //获取LoggingAdapter，用于日志输出
    val log = Logging(context.system, this)

    //实现receive方法，定义Actor的行为逻辑，返回的是一个偏函数
    def receive = {
      case "test" => log.info("received test")
      case _      => log.info("received unknown message")
    }
  }

receive方法被定义在Actor当中，方法标签如下

//Actor中的receive方法定义，
type Receive = PartialFunction[Any, Unit]
def receive: Actor.Receive

下面给出其完整使用代码：

object Example_01 extends App{
   
  import akka.actor.Actor
  import akka.event.Logging
  import akka.actor.ActorSystem
  import akka.actor.Props

  class MyActor extends Actor {
   
    val log = Logging(context.system, this)

    def receive = {
      case "test" => log.info("received test")
      case _      => log.info("received unknown message")
    }
  }
 //创建ActorSystem对象
  val system = ActorSystem("MyActorSystem")
  //返回ActorSystem的LoggingAdpater
  val systemLog=system.log
  //创建MyActor,指定actor名称为myactor
  val myactor = system.actorOf(Props[MyActor], name = "myactor")

  systemLog.info("准备向myactor发送消息")
  //向myactor发送消息
  myactor!"test"
  myactor! 123

  //关闭ActorSystem，停止程序的运行
  system.shutdown()
}

代码运行结果：

[INFO] [04/02/2016 09:29:54.223] [main] [ActorSystem(MyActorSystem)] 准备向myactor发送消息
[INFO] [04/02/2016 09:29:54.224] [MyActorSystem-akka.actor.default-dispatcher-3] [akka://MyActorSystem/user/myactor] received test
[INFO] [04/02/2016 09:29:54.224] [MyActorSystem-akka.actor.default-dispatcher-3] [akka://MyActorSystem/user/myactor] received unknown message

输出“[INFO] [04/02/2016 09:29:54.224] [MyActorSystem-