Java基础学习04——使用注解生成查询语句

今天我们来学习一个实用小功能，通过注解来实现自动生成sql查询语句。

话不多说直接上代码！
1.首先要创建两个注解，用来指定表名和字段名

package com.youyou.learn.annotation;

import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;

/**
 * 数据库表注解
 *
 * @author 刘朋
 * <br/>date 2019-12-16
 */

@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface Table {
    String value();
}

package com.youyou.learn.annotation;

import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;

/**
 * 数据库列注解
 *
 * @author 刘朋
 * <br/>date 2019-12-16
 */
@Target(ElementType.FIELD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface Column {

    String value();
}

2.创建两个实体类，并使用注解标注。

package com.youyou.learn.annotation;


@Table("t_student")
public class Student {

    @Column("c_name")
    private String name;

    @Column("c_personCount")
    private int personCount;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getPersonCount() {
        return personCount;
    }

    public void setPersonCount(int personCount) {
        this.personCount = personCount;
    }
}

package com.youyou.learn.annotation;


/**
 * 数据表对象
 *
 * @author 刘朋
 * <br/>date 2019-12-16
 */

@Table("ts_user")
public class User {

    @Column("c_name")
    private String name;
    @Column("c_age")
    private int age;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
}

3.创建sql生成工具类

package com.youyou.learn.annotation;

import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;

/**
 * 生成sql工具类
 *
 * @author 刘朋
 * <br/>date 2019-12-16
 */
public class SqlUtil {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        User user = new User();
        user.setName("张三");
        user.setAge(3);
        String sql = getSql(user);
        System.out.println(sql);

        Student student = new Student();
        student.setName("刘备");
        String sql2 = getSql(student);
        System.out.println(sql2);
    }

    public static String getSql(Object user) throws Exception{
        Class c = user.getClass();
        //判断是否存在
        boolean existTable = c.isAnnotationPresent(Table.class);
        if (!existTable) {
            return null;
        }
        //获取到注解
        Table table = (Table) c.getAnnotation(Table.class);
        //获取表名
        String tableName = table.value();
        StringBuilder sql = new StringBuilder();
        sql.append("select * from ").append(tableName).append(" where 1=1");

        //获取所有字段
        Field[] declaredFields = c.getDeclaredFields();
        for (Field declaredField : declaredFields) {
            //判断注解是否存在
            boolean existColumn = declaredField.isAnnotationPresent(Column.class);
            if (!existColumn) {
                continue;
            }
            Column column = declaredField.getAnnotation(Column.class);
            //获取列名
            String columnName = column.value();

            //字段值
            String name = declaredField.getName();
            String methodName = "get" + name.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase() + name.substring(1);
            Method method = c.getMethod(methodName);

            Object value = method.invoke(user);
            if(value instanceof String ){
                sql.append(" and ").append(columnName).append("='").append(value).append("'");
            }else if (value instanceof Integer){
                sql.append(" and ").append(columnName).append("=").append(value);
            }
        }


        return sql.toString();
    }


}

测试结果如下：

测试成功！