循环

For 和 While 循环的区别

The while loop keeps executing code until its condition evaluates to FALSE.
The for loop, on the other hand, iterates over a sequence, where a looping variable changes for each iteration, according to the sequence.

while

1. 基本命令

ctr <- 1
while (ctr <= 7) {
  print(paste("ctr is set to ", ctr))
  ctr <- ctr + 1
}

2. break

ctr 能被 5 整除就停止循环。

ctr <- 1
while (ctr <= 7) {
  if (ctr %% 5 == 0) {
    break
  }
  print(paste("ctr is set to ", ctr))
  ctr <- ctr + 1
}

for

1. 基本命令

cities <- c("New York", "Paris", "London", "Tokyo", "Rio de Janeiro", "Cape Town")

for (ci in cities) {
  print(ci)
}

for (i in 1:length(cities)) {
  print(cities[i])
}

条件语句有以上 2 种写法。logs 是一个列表。
如果要修改列表里面的内容，只能使用后一种方法
Using the for (log in logs) approach here won’t work, because log is a local copy of an element in logs. To actually access and change the elements in the logs list, you will need to use the looping index.

2. break

for (ci in cities) {
  if (nchar(ci) == 6){
    break
  }
  print(ci)
}

3. next

for (ci in cities) {
  if (nchar(ci) == 6){
    next
  }
  print(ci)
}

reference

https://campus.datacamp.com/courses/intermediate-r-practice