scala常用collection总结

1.数组
1）声明
val arr =new Array[int](3)
初始化
arr(0)=1
arr(1)=2
arr(2)=3
声明及初始化
val arr=Array(12,23,56)

2.列表
1）声明
val li=List(1,2,3)
2)使用
li(0)=1 li(1)=2 li(2)=3

3.元组

元组是不同类型值的集合

1)声明
val tuple=("spark",12.30,125)
2)使用：序号从1开始
tuple._1="spark"  tuple._3=125

4.集（Set）

由不重复的元素组成，分为可变和不可变集，缺省时是不可变集

1）声明
不可变集：
scala> var myset=Set("spark",12.05,125)
myset: scala.collection.immutable.Set[Any] = Set(spark, 12.05, 125)

scala> myset+= "hadoop"

scala> myset
res3: scala.collection.immutable.Set[Any] = Set(spark, 12.05, 125, hadoop)

如果要声明一个可变集，则需要引入scala.collection.mutable.Set包
scala> import scala.collection.mutable.Set
import scala.collection.mutable.Set

scala> val myset=Set("spark",12,'a')
myset: scala.collection.mutable.Set[Any] = Set(12, spark, a)

scala> myset+= "hadoop"
res4: myset.type = Set(12, spark, a, hadoop)

scala> myset
res5: scala.collection.mutable.Set[Any] = Set(12, spark, a, hadoop)

5.映射(Map)

映射指一系列的键值对组合，分为可变和不可变，默认时不可变，若要声明可变映射，需要引用scala.collection.mustable.Map

1）不可变映射
scala> val uni=Map("Pku"->"PekingUniversity","Thu"->"TinghuaUniversity")
uni: scala.collection.immutable.Map[String,String] = Map(Pku -> PekingUniversity, Thu -> TinghuaUniversity)

scala> uni("Pku")
res8: String = PekingUniversity

scala> uni("PekingUniversity")
java.util.NoSuchElementException: key not found: PekingUniversity
  at scala.collection.immutable.Map$Map2.apply(Map.scala:129)
  ... 29 elided

scala> uni.contains("Pku")
res10: Boolean = true
2）可变映射
scala> import scala.collection.mutable.Map
import scala.collection.mutable.Map

scala> val university=Map("PKU"->"Peking","THU"->"Thinghua")
university: scala.collection.mutable.Map[String,String] = Map(THU -> Thinghua, PKU -> Peking)

scala> university+=("FD"->"Fudan")
res11: university.type = Map(FD -> Fudan, THU -> Thinghua, PKU -> Peking)

scala> for((k,v)<-university) printf("%s mean %s\n",k,v)
FD mean Fudan
THU mean Thinghua
PKU mean Peking

6.迭代器 Iterator

不是一种集合，但是提供了一种访问集合的方法。有两种操作：hadNext检测是否还有下一个元素，next()返回下一个元素

scala> val iter=Iterator("spark","hadoop","storm","hive")
iter: Iterator[String] = non-empty iterator

scala> while(iter.hasNext) println(iter.next())
spark
hadoop
storm
hive

scala> val iter=Iterator("spark","hadoop","storm","hive")
iter: Iterator[String] = non-empty iterator

scala> for(elem<-iter) println(elem)
spark
hadoop
storm
hive

7.Seq

有顺序的迭代器

scala> val myseq=Seq(1,2,3)
myseq: Seq[Int] = List(1, 2, 3)

scala> myseq(0)
res27: Int = 1

scala> myseq.apply(0)
res28: Int = 1