Spring中的interceptor简介

1.目的

在Spring MVC中interceptor用来拦截客户请求,进行处理实现某功能,如下图所示

2.实现

web应用开发时,继承spring MVC中的HandlerInterceptorAdapter抽象类,实现其中的抽象方法preHandler(),postHandler(),afterCompletion(),此时该类即可作为Interceptor()使用,在一个web应用中可以实现多个Interceptor,组成一个拦截器链,其中方法的执行顺序如下所示

3. 注册和映射

编写的Interceptor需要在spring MVC的配置文件中进行注册,如下配置节所示,可以配置需要拦截和不需要拦截的url地址

<mvc:interceptors>
    <mvc:interceptor>
        <!--
                  /**的意思是所有文件夹及里面的子文件夹
                  /*是所有文件夹，不含子文件夹
                  /是web项目的根目录
        -->
        <mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
        <mvc:exclude-mapping path="/login"/>
        <mvc:exclude-mapping path="/js/**"/>
        <mvc:exclude-mapping path="/css/**" />
        <mvc:exclude-mapping path="/image/**"/>
        <bean class="com.lpq.interceptorDemo.LoginInterceptor"/>
    </mvc:interceptor>
    <mvc:interceptor>
        <mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
        <mvc:exclude-mapping path="/login"/>
        <bean class="com.lpq.interceptorDemo.OtherInterceptor" />
    </mvc:interceptor>
</mvc:interceptors>

4.登录的例子

Interceptor的实现

//登录拦截器,判断用户是否登录
@Component
public class LoginInterceptor extends HandlerInterceptorAdapter {
    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest request, javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
        Object user=request.getSession().getAttribute("user");
        if(user==null){
            request.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/jsp/login.jsp").forward(request,response);
            return false;
        }
        System.out.println("LoginInterceptor preHandler()");
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public void postHandle(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest request, javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("LoginInterceptor postHandler()");

    }

    @Override
    public void afterCompletion(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest request, javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("LoginInterceptor afterCompletion()");
    }
}

login Controller的实现

@Controller
public class LoginController {

    @RequestMapping(value="/login",method= RequestMethod.GET)
    public String loginGet(){
        return "login";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value="/login",method=RequestMethod.POST)
    public String loginPost(HttpServletRequest req,HttpServletResponse resp){
        String user=req.getParameter("username");
        req.getSession().setAttribute("user",user);
        return "success";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value="/personalPage",method=RequestMethod.GET)
    public String personalPage(){
        return "personalPage";
    }
}

Interceptor配置和映射如下

<mvc:interceptors>
    <mvc:interceptor>
        <!--
                  /**的意思是所有文件夹及里面的子文件夹
                  /*是所有文件夹，不含子文件夹
                  /是web项目的根目录
        -->
        <mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
        <mvc:exclude-mapping path="/login"/>
        <mvc:exclude-mapping path="/js/**"/>
        <mvc:exclude-mapping path="/css/**" />
        <mvc:exclude-mapping path="/image/**"/>
        <bean class="com.lpq.interceptorDemo.LoginInterceptor"/>
    </mvc:interceptor>
    <mvc:interceptor>
        <mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
        <mvc:exclude-mapping path="/login"/>
        <bean class="com.lpq.interceptorDemo.OtherInterceptor" />
    </mvc:interceptor>
</mvc:interceptors>