Centos7.5安装部署mysql-8.0.21

环境一台机器：192.168.81.132
下载安装包链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/14-_LlXPpMB10ray3iYPoQQ
提取码：idea
首先切换到/opt目录下查看是否安装mysql数据库，如果安装mysql数据库及卸载（–nodeps（强力删除模式））

[root@localhost ~]# cd /opt/
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa| grep mariadb
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -e mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64 --nodeps

安装mysql依赖包

 [root@localhost ~]# yum -y install libaio

进入/opt目录下将mysql文件解压

[root@localhost ~]# cd /opt/
[root@localhost opt]# tar zxf mysql-8.0.21-el7-x86_64.tar.gz

为了方便操作以及配置文件的更改我们将文件名重命名为mysql

[root@localhost opt]# mv mysql-8.0.21-el7-x86_64 mysql
[root@localhost opt]# ll
总用量 572292
drwxr-xr-x. 9 7161 31415       129 6月  17 2020 mysql
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  586026623 6月  10 16:55 mysql-8.0.21-el7-x86_64.tar.gz

我们将文件移动到/usr/local目录下

[root@localhost opt]# mv /opt/mysql/ /usr/local/

我们切换到usr/local/目录下查看mysql是否存在

[root@localhost opt]# cd /usr/local/
[root@localhost local]# ls
bin  etc  games  include  lib  lib64  libexec  mysql  sbin  share  src

建数据库文件存放的文件夹。这个文件夹将来存放每个数据库的库文件

[root@localhost local]# cd mysql/
[root@localhost mysql]# mkdir mysqldb
[root@localhost mysql]# ls
bin  docs  include  lib  LICENSE  man  mysqldb  README  share  support-files

mysql安装目录赋予权限

[root@localhost mysql]# chmod -R 777 /usr/local/mysql/
[root@localhost mysql]# ll
总用量 408
drwxrwxrwx.  2 7161 31415   4096 6月  17 2020 bin
drwxrwxrwx.  2 7161 31415     55 6月  17 2020 docs
drwxrwxrwx.  3 7161 31415    282 6月  17 2020 include
drwxrwxrwx.  6 7161 31415    201 6月  17 2020 lib
-rwxrwxrwx.  1 7161 31415 404759 6月  17 2020 LICENSE
drwxrwxrwx.  4 7161 31415     30 6月  17 2020 man
drwxrwxrwx.  2 root root       6 6月  10 17:04 mysqldb
-rwxrwxrwx.  1 7161 31415    687 6月  17 2020 README
drwxrwxrwx. 28 7161 31415   4096 6月  17 2020 share
drwxrwxrwx.  2 7161 31415     77 6月  17 2020 support-files

创建mysql组和用户

[root@localhost mysql]# groupadd mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql
#创建用户(-s /bin/false参数指定mysql用户仅拥有所有权，而没有登录权限)

将用户添加到组中

[root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql ./
[root@localhost mysql]# id mysql
uid=997(mysql) gid=1001(mysql) 组=1001(mysql)

修改mysql配置文件

[root@localhost mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
# 设置3306端口
port=3306
# 设置mysql的安装目录
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
# 设置mysql数据库的数据的存放目录
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/mysqldb
# 允许最大连接数
max_connections=10000
# 允许连接失败的次数。这是为了防止有人从该主机试图攻击数据库系统
max_connect_errors=10
# 服务端使用的字符集默认为UTF8
character-set-server=utf8
# 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎
default-storage-engine=INNODB
# 默认使用“mysql_native_password”插件认证
default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password
[mysql]
# 设置mysql客户端默认字符集
default-character-set=utf8
[client]
# 设置mysql客户端连接服务端时默认使用的端口
port=3306
default-character-set=utf8

进入mysql 安装目录下：

[root@localhost mysql]# cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/

安装mysql，并记住初始化随机密码

[root@localhost bin]# ./mysqld --initialize --console
2021-06-10T09:09:27.865086Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.21) initializing of server in progress as process 2498
2021-06-10T09:09:27.866918Z 0 [Warning] [MY-013242] [Server] --character-set-server: 'utf8' is currently an alias for the character set UTF8MB3, but will be an alias for UTF8MB4 in a future release. Please consider using UTF8MB4 in order to be unambiguous.
2021-06-10T09:09:27.881524Z 1 [System] [MY-013576] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has started.
2021-06-10T09:09:28.521919Z 1 [System] [MY-013577] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has ended.
2021-06-10T09:09:29.612237Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: lgd(:g/7Yrtx
#初始化随机密码：lgd(:g/7Yrtx

进入mysql.server服务目录下并启动服务

[root@localhost bin]# cd /usr/local/mysql/support-files/
[root@localhost support-files]# ./mysql.server start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/mysqldb/localhost.localdomain.err'.
 ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/usr/local/mysql/mysqldb/localhost.localdomain.pid).

此时不要担心，重新给mysql安装目录赋予一下权限后，再次执行

[root@localhost support-files]# chmod -R 777 /usr/local/mysql/
[root@localhost support-files]# ./mysql.server start
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! 

将mysql添加到系统进程中

[root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

此时我们就可以使用服务进程操作mysql了
设置mysql自启动

[root@localhost ~]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld 
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable mysqld
mysqld.service is not a native service, redirecting to /sbin/chkconfig.
Executing /sbin/chkconfig mysqld on

此时mysql自启动就已经设置好了
修改root用户登录密码

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/

mysql> alter user root@'localhost' identified with mysql_native_password by '1234';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

设置允许远程登录

重启服务并查看mysql是否启动

[root@localhost bin]# systemctl restart mysqld
[root@localhost bin]# systemctl status mysql
● mysqld.service - LSB: start and stop MySQL
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld; bad; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since 四 2021-06-10 17:19:58 CST; 3s ago
     Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)
  Process: 4081 ExecStop=/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld stop (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 4108 ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           ├─4119 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/mysqldb --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/mysqldb/localhost.localdomain...
           └─4308 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/mysqldb --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --...

6月 10 17:19:57 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting LSB: start and stop MySQL...
6月 10 17:19:58 localhost.localdomain mysqld[4108]: Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
6月 10 17:19:58 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started LSB: start and stop MySQL.

查看防火墙开放端口

[root@localhost bin]# firewall-cmd --list-all
public (active)
  target: default
  icmp-block-inversion: no
  interfaces: ens33
  sources: 
  services: ssh dhcpv6-client
  ports: 
  protocols: 
  masquerade: no
  forward-ports: 
  source-ports: 
  icmp-blocks: 
  rich rules: 

在防火墙中将3306端口开放并查看端口

[root@localhost bin]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
success
[root@localhost bin]# firewall-cmd --reload
success
[root@localhost bin]# ss -tnl
State      Recv-Q Send-Q                                Local Address:Port                                               Peer Address:Port              
LISTEN     0      128                                               *:22                                                            *:*                  
LISTEN     0      100                                       127.0.0.1:25                                                            *:*                  
LISTEN     0      70                                               :::33060                                                        :::*                  
LISTEN     0      128                                              :::3306                                                         :::*                  
LISTEN     0      128                                              :::22                                                           :::*                  
LISTEN     0      100                                             ::1:25                                                           :::*   

mysql-8.0.21安装部署完毕！！！！！！！