iOS之keychain

来自： http://www.111cn.net/sj/iOS/53356.htm

iOS的keychain服务提供了一种安全的保存私密信息（密码，序列号，证书等）的方式。每个ios程序都有一个独立的keychain存储。从ios 3.0开始，跨程序分享keychain变得可行。

iOS开发时一般使用UserDefaults来存取App的配置信息，但是如果需要保存一些敏感信息的话，这时可以考虑使用Keychain来存取。开发时需要注意的是，App卸载后UserDefaults的内容会被删除，而Keychain里面的则不会，如果首次将内容写入Keychain，需要判断Keychain中是否包含之前没有删除干净的内容。
Keychain(钥匙串)是苹果公司Mac OS中的密码管理系统，iOS出现后也被引入到iOS中，作为用户密码管理的重要工具。使用Keychain对开发者来说，可以省略掉敏感信息的加密和解密的过程，交由系统管理。

使用苹果官方发布的KeychainItemWrapper或者SFHFKeychainUtils很方便。

苹果已经有现成的类封装好了keychain,KeychainItemWrapper.h和KeychainItemWrapper.m文件,可以在GenericKeychain实例里找到。

Keychain的用法也很简单，苹果提供了一段示例代码里面包含了KeychainItemWrapper这个对Keychain操作的包装工具包。使对Keychain的操作如同NSDictionary一样简单。

KeychainItemWrapper *keychainItem = [[[KeychainItemWrapper alloc]
                                    initWithIdentifier:@"Identifier"
                                           accessGroup:@"cn.limc.app.boundle"]autorelease];
//获取keychain中的内容
NSString *value = [keychainItem objectForKey:keyForValue];
 
//写入内容到keychain
NSString *valueToWrite = @"value to store";
[keychainItem setObject:valueToWrite forKey:keyForValue];

下面就使用keychain来实现存取用户名和密码：

CHKeychain.h

 
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import <Security/Security.h>

@interface CHKeychain : NSObject

+ (void)save:(NSString *)service data:(id)data;
+ (id)load:(NSString *)service;
+ (void)delete:(NSString *)service;

@end

 

CHKeychain.m

#import "CHKeychain.h"

@implementation CHKeychain
+ (NSMutableDictionary *)getKeychainQuery:(NSString *)service {
    return [NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:
            (id)kSecClassGenericPassword,(id)kSecClass,
            service, (id)kSecAttrService,
            service, (id)kSecAttrAccount,
            (id)kSecAttrAccessibleAfterFirstUnlock,(id)kSecAttrAccessible,
            nil];
}

+ (void)save:(NSString *)service data:(id)data {
    //Get search dictionary
    NSMutableDictionary *keychainQuery = [self getKeychainQuery:service];
    //Delete old item before add new item
    SecItemDelete((CFDictionaryRef)keychainQuery);
    //Add new object to search dictionary(Attention:the data format)
    [keychainQuery setObject:[NSKeyedArchiver archivedDataWithRootObject:data] forKey:(id)kSecValueData];
    //Add item to keychain with the search dictionary
    SecItemAdd((CFDictionaryRef)keychainQuery, NULL);
}

+ (id)load:(NSString *)service {
    id ret = nil;
    NSMutableDictionary *keychainQuery = [self getKeychainQuery:service];
    //Configure the search setting
    //Since in our simple case we are expecting only a single attribute to be returned (the password) we can set the attribute kSecReturnData to kCFBooleanTrue
    [keychainQuery setObject:(id)kCFBooleanTrue forKey:(id)kSecReturnData];
    [keychainQuery setObject:(id)kSecMatchLimitOne forKey:(id)kSecMatchLimit];
    CFDataRef keyData = NULL;
    if (SecItemCopyMatching((CFDictionaryRef)keychainQuery, (CFTypeRef *)&keyData) == noErr) {
        @try {
            ret = [NSKeyedUnarchiver unarchiveObjectWithData:(NSData *)keyData];
        } @catch (NSException *e) {
            NSLog(@"Unarchive of %@ failed: %@", service, e);
        } @finally {
}
    }
    if (keyData) 
    CFRelease(keyData);
    return ret;
}

+ (void)delete:(NSString *)service {
    NSMutableDictionary *keychainQuery = [self getKeychainQuery:service];
    SecItemDelete((CFDictionaryRef)keychainQuery);
}

@end

 首先需要定义几个字符串用来做key：

NSString * const KEY_USERNAME_PASSWORD = @"com.company.app.usernamepassword";
NSString * const KEY_USERNAME = @"com.company.app.username";
NSString * const KEY_PASSWORD = @"com.company.app.password";

把用户名和密码存入keychain：

NSMutableDictionary *usernamepasswordKVPairs = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];
[usernamepasswordKVPairs setObject:txtfldUsername.text forKey:KEY_USERNAME];
[usernamepasswordKVPairs setObject:txtfldPassword.text forKey:KEY_PASSWORD];
[CHKeychain save:KEY_USERNAME_PASSWORD data:usernamepasswordKVPairs];

从keychain中取出用户名和密码：

NSMutableDictionary *usernamepasswordKVPairs = (NSMutableDictionary *)[CHKeychain load:KEY_USERNAME_PASSWORD];
txtfldUsername.text = [usernamepasswordKVPairs objectForKey:KEY_USERNAME];
txtfldPassword.text = [usernamepasswordKVPairs objectForKey:KEY_PASSWORD];

删除一个keychain item:

[cpp] view plaincopyprint?
01.[CHKeychain delete:KEY_USERNAME_PASSWORD];  
[CHKeychain delete:KEY_USERNAME_PASSWORD];