CentOs 6.5下 nginx + php + mysql环境组建

本次搭建主要是想试一试php的环境部署, nginx做服务接收端, php做请求处理, mysql作为数据库支持. 因此安装主要围绕这三个组件安装进行, 再把他们串联起来, 最后在浏览器通过访问php页面展示mysql数据库中的记录, 完成本次实践.

MySql和nginx之前玩过, php是第一次接触, 所以php环境搭建也是第一次, 记录以备忘.

搭建环境是CentOs 6.5, 在其他环境下应该也是大同小异, 只是命令会略有不同.

Step 1. 准备 MySql

~# yum install mysql-server

安装db, 并设置root密码

~# mysql_install_db
~#/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation
~#mysql -u root -p

建表并授权

mysql> create database lqp_db;
mysql> grant all privileges on lqp_db.* to ‘lqp’@’localhost’ identified by “111111”;

查看当前数据库

mysql> show schemas;
+——————–+
| Database |
+——————–+
| information_schema |
| lqp_db |
| test |
+——————–+

连接到刚才创建的数据库

mysql> use lqp_db;
Database changed

查看当前使用的数据库

mysql> select database();
+————+
| database() |
+————+
| lqp_db |
+————+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

建表

mysql> create table lqp_names ( _id int not null auto_increment, name varchar(40), school varchar(10), primary key (_id));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.09 sec)

插入两条测试数据

mysql> insert into lqp_names(name, school) values(“lqp”, “JianxiCai”);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into lqp_names(name,school) values (“zxd”,”dddddd”);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

退出

mysql> quit
Bye

准备好数据后, 下一步安装php模块.

---

Step 2. 安装php模块

安装php mysql模块, 用来连接mysql

~#yum install php-mysql

安装php-fpm(FastCGI Process Manager)模块, 通过FastCGI协议来对接nginx共同工作

~# yum install php-fpm

这一步设置文件(例如http://192.168.xx.xx/index.php中的index.php)的搜索路径为固定路径(root + 文件名), 貌似是防止php自己根据规则在预置的若干个目录搜索一遍, 主要避免安全问题

~#vim /etc/php.ini
cgi.fix_pathinfo=1 -> cgi.fix_pathinfo=0

启动php-fpm准备接受nginx转发请求, 监听端口127.0.0.1:9000, 可以在/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf配置

~#service php-fpm restart

---

安装并配置nginx

安装nginx

~#yum install nginx

配置nginx如下:

~# vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf

#
# The default server
#

server {
    listen       80 default_server;
    listen       [::]:80 default_server;
    server_name  _;
    root         /usr/share/nginx/html;

    # Load configuration files for the default server block.
    include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;

    location / {
    }

    error_page 404 /404.html;
        location = /40x.html {
    }

    error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
    }


    # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
    #
    location ~ \.php$ {
        root           /usr/share/nginx/html;
        fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        fastcgi_index  index.php;
        fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME   $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include        fastcgi_params;
    }
}

这里添加了最后一段, 在这里通过php-fpm的监听端口连接起来了:

    location ~ \.php$ {
        root           /usr/share/nginx/html; #php文件根目录
        fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;        #上面配置好的fpm模块监听端口
        fastcgi_index  index.php;
        fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME   $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include        fastcgi_params;
    }

启动nginx

~#/etc/init.d/nginx start

启动nginx, 启动后, 可以在浏览器输入127.0.0.1回车就能看到nginx自带的主页了, 但是还没有php文件. 下面在(/usr/share/nginx/html)下编辑一个, 并且在php文件中访问mysql的数据.

~# pwd
/usr/share/nginx/html
~# vim index.php

<?php echo "lqp is here<br>" ?>

 <?php
$servername = "localhost";
$username = "lqp";
$password = "111111";
$dbname = "lqp_db";
$break = "<br>";

// Create connection
$conn = new mysqli($servername, $username, $password, $dbname);

// Check connection
if ($conn->connect_error) {
    die("Connection failed: " . $conn->connect_error);
}
echo "Connected successfully".$break;

$sql = "SELECT _id, name, school FROM lqp_names";
$result = $conn->query($sql);

if ($result->num_rows > 0) {
    // output data of each row
    while($row = $result->fetch_assoc()) {
        echo "id: " . $row["_id"]. " - Name: " . $row["name"]. " " . $row["school"].$break;
    }
} else {
    echo "0 results";
}


$conn->close();
?> 

启动浏览器, 输入http://127.0.0.1/index.php
页面显示:

lqp is here
Connected successfully
id: 1 - Name: lqp JianxiCai
id: 2 - Name: zxd dddddd

总结

通过以上步骤完成了php环境的搭建, 除此之外, nginx还可以用来将请求进一步转给其他服务模块比如tomcat或者jetty服务等, 这样可以在同一入nginx口下部署不同开发环境的服务, 还是非常方便的. 顺带说一句, php开发确实是很方便.