使用javamail发送和接收邮件

首先，你需要准备2个jar包：mail.jar以及activation.jar  可以去网上下载。

发送邮件部分

MailTest.java

package com.lrb.java.mail.test;

import java.util.Properties;

import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
import javax.mail.Address;
import javax.mail.BodyPart;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.Multipart;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;


public class MailTest {
	private MimeMessage mimMsg;//MIME邮件对象
	private Session session;//邮件会话属性
	private Properties prop;//系统属性
	
	private String username = "";//smtp认证用户名密码
	private String password = "";
	
	private Multipart mp;//Multipart对象，邮件内容，标题，附件等内容均添加到其中后再生成MIME对象
	
	public MailTest(String smtp){
		setSmtpHost(smtp);
		createMimeMessage();
	}
	/**
	 * 设置SMTP主机
	 * @param hostName String 主机名
	 */
	public void setSmtpHost(String hostName){
		if(prop == null) prop = System.getProperties();//获得系统属性对象
		prop.put("mail.smtp.host", hostName);//设置SMTP主机
	}
	/**
	 * 获得会话，并创建邮件对象
	 * @return boolean
	 */
	public boolean createMimeMessage(){
		try {
			session = Session.getDefaultInstance(prop,new SmtpAuth(this.username,this.password));//获得邮件会话对象
			mimMsg = new MimeMessage(session);//创建MIME邮件对象
			mp = new MimeMultipart();
			return true;
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			return false;
		}
	}
	/**
	 * 设置是否需要验证
	 * @param need boolean
	 */
	public void setNeedAuth(boolean need){
		if(this.prop == null) this.prop = System.getProperties();
		
		if(need){
			this.prop.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
		}else{
			this.prop.put("mail.smtp.auth", "false");
		}
	}
	/**
	 * 设置用户名、密码
	 * @param name String
	 * @param pass String
	 */
	public void setNamePass(String name,String pass){
		username = name;
		password = pass;
	}
	/**
	 * 设置标题
	 * @param mailSubject String
	 * @return boolean
	 */
	public boolean setSubject(String mailSubject){
		try {
			mimMsg.setSubject(mailSubject);
			return true;
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			return false;
		}
	}
	/**
	 * 设置邮件正文
	 * @param mailBody String
	 * @return boolean
	 */
	public boolean setBody(String mailBody){
		try {
			BodyPart bp = new MimeBodyPart();
			bp.setContent("<meta http-equiv=Content-Type content=text/html; charset=gb2312>"+mailBody, "text/html;charset=GB2312");
			mp.addBodyPart(bp);
			return true;
		} catch (Exception e) {
			System.err.println("设置邮件正文时错误："+e);
			return false;
		}
	}
	/**
	 * 添加附件
	 * @param fileName String
	 * @return boolean
	 */
	public boolean addFileAffix(String fileName){
		try {
			BodyPart bp = new MimeBodyPart();
			FileDataSource fds = new FileDataSource(fileName);
			bp.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(fds));
			bp.setFileName(fds.getName());
			
			mp.addBodyPart(bp);
			
			return true;
		} catch (Exception e) {
			System.err.println("增加邮件附件："+fileName+"发生错误"+e);
			return false;
		}
	}
	/**
	 * 设置发件人
	 * @param from String
	 * @return boolean
	 */
	public boolean setFrom(String from){
		try {
			mimMsg.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));
			return true;
		} catch (Exception e) {
			System.err.println("设置发件人："+from+"时出错"+e);
			return false;
		}
	}
	/**
	 * 设置收件人(one)
	 * @param to String
	 * @return boolean
	 */
	public boolean setTo(String to){
		try {
			mimMsg.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO, InternetAddress.parse(to));
			return true;
		} catch (Exception e) {
			System.err.println("设置收件人："+to+"时出错"+e);
			return false;
		}
	}
	/**
	 * 设置收件人(one or many)
	 * @param to InternetAddress[]
	 * @return boolean
	 */
	public boolean setTo(InternetAddress[] to){
		if(to == null) return false;
		try {
			mimMsg.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO, to);
			return true;
		} catch (Exception e) {
			System.err.println("设置收件人："+to+"时出错"+e);
			return false;
		}
	}
	/**
	 * 设置抄送人
	 * @param copyTo String
	 * @return	boolean
	 */
	public boolean setCopyTo(String copyTo){
		if(copyTo == null) return false;
		try {
			mimMsg.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.CC, (Address[])InternetAddress.parse(copyTo));
			return true;
		} catch (Exception e) {
			return false;
		}
	}
	/**
	 * 发送操作
	 * @return boolean
	 */
	public boolean send(){
		try {
			mimMsg.setContent(mp);
			mimMsg.saveChanges();
			Transport transport = session.getTransport("smtp");
			System.out.println(prop.getProperty("mail.smtp.host"));
			System.out.println(prop.getProperty("mail.smtp.auth"));
			transport.connect((String)prop.getProperty("mail.smtp.host"), username, password);
			transport.sendMessage(mimMsg, mimMsg.getAllRecipients());
			transport.close();
			return true;
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			return false;
		}
	}
	/**
	 * 开始测试，主程序
	 * @author lrb
	 * @param args
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		String mailBody = "<meta http-equiv=Content-Type content=text/html; charset=gb2312>"
			+"<div align=center> 使用程序自动发送邮件测试，请勿回复 </div>";
		InternetAddress[] to = new InternetAddress[2];
		try {
			to[0] = new InternetAddress("lrbyantai@163.com");
			to[1] = new InternetAddress("383405808@qq.com");
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		
		MailTest mt = new MailTest("smtp.qq.com");
		mt.setNeedAuth(true);
		if(mt.setSubject("密码保护的注册资料(请不要回复)") == false) return;
		if(mt.setBody(mailBody) == false) return;
		if(mt.setTo(to) ==  false) return;
		if(mt.setFrom("383405808@qq.com") == false) return;
		if(mt.addFileAffix("c://test.xls") == false) return;
		mt.setNamePass("你的邮箱地址（此处使用QQ邮箱为例，需要登录邮箱将相应服务开启）", "你的邮箱密码");
		if(mt.send() ==  false) return;
	}
}

SmtpAuth.java

package com.lrb.java.mail.test;

import javax.mail.Authenticator;
import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;

public class SmtpAuth extends Authenticator {
	private String uname,pwd;
	public SmtpAuth(String username,String password){
		this.uname = username;
		this.pwd = password;
	}
	protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
		return new PasswordAuthentication(uname,pwd);
	}
}

=================================================================================================

以下为接收邮件部分操作

MailReceiveTest.java

package com.lrb.java.mail.test;

import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Properties;

import javax.mail.BodyPart;
import javax.mail.Flags;
import javax.mail.Folder;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.Multipart;
import javax.mail.Part;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Store;
import javax.mail.URLName;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeUtility;

public class MailReceiveTest {

	private MimeMessage mimMsg;
	private String saveAttatchPath = "";//附件下载后的保存目录
	private StringBuffer contentTxt = new StringBuffer();//存放邮件内容
	private String dataFormat = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss";//日期显示格式
	/**
	 * 构造函数
	 * @param msg MimeMessage
	 */
	public MailReceiveTest(MimeMessage msg){
		this.mimMsg = msg;
	}
	/**
	 * 设置MimeMessage对象
	 * @param mimeMessage MimeMessages
	 */
	public void setMimeMessage(MimeMessage mimeMessage){
		this.mimMsg = mimeMessage;
	}
	/**
	 * 获得发件人的姓名和地址
	 * @return String
	 */
	public String getFrom(){
		String fromAddr = "";
		try {
			InternetAddress[] addr = (InternetAddress[]) mimMsg.getFrom();
			String from = addr[0].getAddress();
			String personal = addr[0].getPersonal();
			from = from == null?"":from;
			personal = personal == null?"":personal;
			fromAddr = personal + "<" + from+ ">";
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return fromAddr;
	}
	/**
	 * 获得邮件的收件人，抄送和密送的地址和姓名，根据所传递的参数的不同
	 * @param type String ("to"--收件人地址；"cc"--抄送人地址；"bcc"--密送人地址)
	 * @return String
	 */
	public String getOtherAddr(String type){
		String mailAddr = "";
		String addType = type.toUpperCase();
		InternetAddress[] addr = null;
		try {
			if("TO".equals(addType) || "CC".equals(addType) || "BCC".equals(addType)){
				if("TO".equals(addType))
					addr = (InternetAddress[]) mimMsg.getRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO);
				else if("CC".equals(addType))
					addr = (InternetAddress[]) mimMsg.getRecipients(Message.RecipientType.CC);
				else
					addr = (InternetAddress[]) mimMsg.getRecipients(Message.RecipientType.BCC);
				if(addr != null 
						&& addr.length>0){
					for(int i=0;i<addr.length;i++){
						String mAddr = addr[i].getAddress();
						String personal = addr[i].getPersonal();
						mAddr = mAddr == null?"":new String(mAddr.getBytes("iso8859-1"),"gb2312");
						personal = personal == null?"":new String(personal.getBytes("iso8859-1"),"gb2312");
						String each = personal + "<" + mAddr +">";
						mailAddr += "," + each; //拼接所有地址字符串
					}
					mailAddr = mailAddr.substring(1);//截取第一个逗号分隔符
				}else{
					return "";
				}
				
			}else{
				throw new Exception("错误邮件地址类型");
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return mailAddr;
	}
	/**
	 * 获得邮件主题
	 * @return String
	 * @throws UnsupportedEncodingException 
	 * @throws MessagingException 
	 */
	public String getSubject() throws UnsupportedEncodingException, MessagingException{
		String subject = "";
		System.err.println(MimeUtility.encodeText(this.mimMsg.getSubject()));
		try {
			subject = mimMsg.getSubject();
			subject = subject == null ? "" : MimeUtility.decodeText(subject);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return subject;
	}
	/**
	 * 获得发送日期
	 * @return String
	 */
	public String getSendDate(){
		String dateStr = "";
		try {
			Date date = mimMsg.getSentDate();
			dateStr = new SimpleDateFormat(dataFormat).format(date);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return dateStr;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 获得邮件正文内容
	 * @return String
	 * @throws UnsupportedEncodingException 
	 */
	public String getContent() throws UnsupportedEncodingException{
		return this.contentTxt.toString();
	}
	/**
	 * 根据MimeType类型的不同解析邮件，将邮件内容保存到StringBuffer中
	 * @param part Part
	 */
	public void getMailContent(Part part){
		try {
			String contentType = part.getContentType();
			int nameIndex = contentType.indexOf("name");
			boolean conName = false;
			
			if(nameIndex != -1){
				conName = true;
			}
			System.err.println("contentType:"+contentType);
			if(part.isMimeType("text/plain") && !conName){
				contentTxt.append(part.getContent());
				//客户程序从javamail取得的正文内容字符集为iso-8859-1,所以还要将字符集转换一下
				if(contentType.toLowerCase().indexOf("charset") == -1){
					this.contentTxt = new StringBuffer(new String(this.contentTxt.toString().getBytes("iso-8859-1"),"gb2312"));
				}
			}else if(part.isMimeType("text/html") && !conName){
				contentTxt.append(part.getContent());
				//客户程序从javamail取得的正文内容字符集为iso-8859-1,所以还要将字符集转换一下
				if(contentType.toLowerCase().indexOf("charset") == -1){
					this.contentTxt = new StringBuffer(new String(this.contentTxt.toString().getBytes("iso-8859-1"),"gb2312"));
				}
			}else if(part.isMimeType("multipart/*")){
				Multipart multipart = (Multipart) part.getContent();
				int count = multipart.getCount();
				for(int i=0;i<count;i++){
					getMailContent(multipart.getBodyPart(i));
				}
			}else if(part.isMimeType("message/rfc822")){
				getMailContent((Part) part.getContent());
			}else{} 
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	/**
	 * 判断是否需要回执，需要返回true，不需要返回false
	 * @return boolean
	 */
	public boolean getRelySign(){
		try {
			String needReply[] = mimMsg.getHeader("Disposition-Notification-To");
			if(needReply != null) return true;
			else return false;
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			return false;
		}
	}
	/**
	 * 获得此邮件的Message-ID
	 * @return String
	 * @throws MessagingException
	 */
	public String getMsgId() throws MessagingException{
		return this.mimMsg.getMessageID();
	}
	/**
	 * 判断邮件是否已读，如果已读返回true,未读返回false
	 * @return boolean
	 */
	public boolean isRead(){
		try {
			Flags flags = this.mimMsg.getFlags();
			Flags.Flag[] flag = flags.getSystemFlags();
			System.out.println("Flags' length:"+flag.length);
			for(int i=0;i<flag.length;i++){
				if(flag[i] == Flags.Flag.SEEN){
					System.out.println("Message is Read!");
					return true;
				}
			}
			return false;
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			return false;
		}
	}
	/**
	 * 判断邮件是否包含附件
	 * @param part Part
	 * @return boolean
	 */
	public boolean isContainAttach(Part part){
		boolean flag = false;
		try {
			String contenType = part.getContentType();
			if(part.isMimeType("multipart/*")){
				Multipart mp = (Multipart) part.getContent();
				for(int i=0;i<mp.getCount();i++){
					BodyPart bp = mp.getBodyPart(i);
					String disposition = bp.getDisposition();
					if(disposition != null 
							&& (disposition.equalsIgnoreCase(Part.ATTACHMENT) || disposition.equalsIgnoreCase(Part.INLINE))){
						flag = true;
					}else if(bp.isMimeType("multipart/*")){
						flag = isContainAttach(bp);
					}else{
						String conType = bp.getContentType();
						if(conType.toLowerCase().indexOf("application") != -1){
							flag = true;
						}else if(conType.toLowerCase().indexOf("name") != -1){
							flag = true;
						}
					}
				}
			}else if(part.isMimeType("message/rfc822")){
				flag = isContainAttach((Part) part.getContent());
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			flag = false;
		}
		return flag;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 保存附件（可与isContainAttach方法合并为同一个）：获取文件名后，调用保存文件方法进行保存
	 * @param part Part
	 */
	public void saveAttachment(Part part){
		try {
			String fileName = "";
			if(part.isMimeType("multipart/*")){
				Multipart mp = (Multipart) part.getContent();
				for(int i=0;i<mp.getCount();i++){
					BodyPart bp = mp.getBodyPart(i);
					String disposition = bp.getDisposition();
					if(disposition != null 
							&& (disposition.equalsIgnoreCase(Part.ATTACHMENT) || disposition.equalsIgnoreCase(Part.INLINE))){
						fileName = bp.getFileName();
						if(fileName != null && !"".equals(fileName)){
							if(fileName.toLowerCase().indexOf("gb2312")!= -1
									|| fileName.toLowerCase().indexOf("gbk")!= -1){
								fileName = MimeUtility.decodeText(fileName);
							}
							saveFile(fileName, bp.getInputStream());
						}
					}else if(bp.isMimeType("multipart/*")){
						saveAttachment(bp);
					}else{
						fileName = bp.getFileName();
						if(fileName != null && !"".equals(fileName)){
							if(fileName.toLowerCase().indexOf("gb2312")!= -1
									|| fileName.toLowerCase().indexOf("gbk")!= -1){
								fileName = MimeUtility.decodeText(fileName);
							}
							saveFile(fileName, bp.getInputStream());
						}
					}
				}
			}else if(part.isMimeType("message/rfc822")){
				saveAttachment((Part) part.getContent());
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	/**
	 * 在指定目录下保存附件文件
	 * @param fileName String
	 * @param in InputStream
	 */
	public void saveFile(String fileName, InputStream in){
		BufferedOutputStream bos = null;
		BufferedInputStream bis = null;
		try {
			String osName = System.getProperty("os.name");
			String storeDir = this.saveAttatchPath;
			String separator = System.getProperty("file.separator");
			osName = osName == null ? "" : osName;
			if(osName.toUpperCase().indexOf("WIN") != -1){
				if(storeDir == null || storeDir.equals("")){
					storeDir = "C:\\tmp";
				}
			}else{
				storeDir = "/tmp";
			}
			File storeFile = new File(storeDir+separator+fileName);
			System.out.println("storeFile's path:"+storeFile.toString());
			bos = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(storeFile));
			bis = new BufferedInputStream(in);
			int m;
			while((m = bis.read()) != -1){
				bos.write(m);
				bos.flush();
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally{
			try {
				bos.close();
				bis.close();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
	}
	/**
	 * 设置附件保存路径
	 * @param path String
	 */
	public void setAttachPaht(String path){
		this.saveAttatchPath = path;
	}
	/**
	 * 设置日期格式
	 * @param format String
	 */
	public void setDateFormat(String format){
		this.dataFormat = format;
	}
	/**
	 * 开始测试 ---------------
	 * @throws MessagingException 
	 * @throws UnsupportedEncodingException 
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) throws MessagingException, UnsupportedEncodingException {
		Properties props = System.getProperties();
		props.put("mail.smtp.host", "smtp.163.com");
		props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
		Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(props,null);
		//URLName参数 pop3--协议，pop3.163.com--主机，110--pop3端口号，null--file,用户名，密码 
		URLName urlName = new URLName("pop3","pop3.163.com",110,null,"你的邮箱地址（此处使用163邮箱为例）","你的邮箱密码");
		//使用SSL加密传输协议,gmail可以使用ssl协议来保证邮件传输的安全，使用SSL的POP3S的默认端口为995。  
		//URLName url=new URLName("pop3s","pop.gmail.com",995,null,"用户名","密码");
		Store store = session.getStore(urlName);
		store.connect();
		//从邮件服务器中返回邮箱内的信息  
		Folder folder = store.getFolder("INBOX");
		//打开Folder  
		folder.open(Folder.READ_ONLY);
		Message msg[] = folder.getMessages();
		System.out.println("Message's length:"+msg.length);
		System.out.println("您的邮箱中共有"+folder.getMessageCount()+"封邮件。其中有"
				+folder.getUnreadMessageCount()+"封已读邮件，"+folder.getNewMessageCount()
				+"封未读邮件");
		for(int i=0;i<msg.length;i++){
			System.out.println("=====================");
			MailReceiveTest mrt = new MailReceiveTest((MimeMessage) msg[i]);
			System.out.println("contentType:"+mrt.mimMsg.getContentType());
			//主题
			System.out.println("Message "+(i+1)+" subject:"+mrt.getSubject());
			//发送日期
			System.out.println("Message "+(i+1)+" sendDate:"+mrt.getSendDate());
			//是否回执
			System.out.println("Message "+(i+1)+" replySign:"+mrt.getRelySign());
			//是否已读
			System.out.println("Message "+(i+1)+" hasRead:"+mrt.isRead());
			//是否包含附件
			System.out.println("Message "+(i+1)+" hasAttachment:"+mrt.isContainAttach(msg[i]));
			//发件人
			System.out.println("Message "+(i+1)+" from:"+mrt.getFrom());
			//收信人地址
			System.out.println("Message "+(i+1)+" to:"+mrt.getOtherAddr("to"));
			//抄送地址
			System.out.println("Message "+(i+1)+" cc:"+mrt.getOtherAddr("cc"));
			//密送地址
			System.out.println("Message "+(i+1)+" bcc:"+mrt.getOtherAddr("bcc"));
			//设置日期格式
			mrt.setDateFormat("yy年MM月dd日 HH:mm:ss");
			//发送日期(第二次打印输出）
			System.out.println("Message "+(i+1)+" sendDate2:"+mrt.getSendDate());
			//Message-ID
			System.out.println("Message "+(i+1)+" Message-ID:"+mrt.getMsgId());
			//获得邮件内容
			mrt.getMailContent(msg[i]);
			System.out.println("Message "+(i+1)+" mailContent:"+mrt.getContent());
			//设置附件保存路径
			mrt.setAttachPaht("D:\\");
			//保存附件
			mrt.saveAttachment(msg[i]);
			if(i>=4) break; //由于邮箱邮件太多，只取前5封邮件
		}
		folder.close(true);
		store.close();
	}
}

因涉及邮箱隐私，控制台输出部分暂且忽略，各位同学可以用自己的邮箱做试验。

在接收邮件时考虑了中文乱码的问题，以及附件下载的问题。

做过实验的细心的同学可能会发现，使用POP3协议无法获取邮件的已读和未读状态。虽然使用了javamail的相关方法，但是得不到相应的数据。在这里就用到了IMAP协议。后面我会做一个使用IMAP接收邮件的例子。