PHP-Mac电脑安装Composer报错：SSL operation failed with code 1. OpenSSL Error messages

一、问题起因是，在Mac电脑上安装了PHPStudy后，需要再手动安装一下Composer

二、安装PHP的标配Composer，以下是安装Composer的相关步骤：

第1步：下载安装脚本

php -r "copy('https://install.phpcomposer.com/installer', 'composer-setup.php');"

第2步：执行安装过程

php composer-setup.php

第3步：删除安装脚本（非必须删除）

php -r "unlink('composer-setup.php');"

第4步：将 composer 安装到全局

sudo mv composer.phar /usr/local/bin/composer

三、出现的问题：第一步的时候，就发现提示了OpenSSL和证书相关报错：

#执行此命令
$ php composer-setup.php

#得到以下报错信息
All settings correct for using Composer
Downloading...
The "https://install.phpcomposer.com/versions" file could not be downloaded: SSL operation failed with code 1. OpenSSL Error messages:
error:14007086:SSL routines:CONNECT_CR_CERT:certificate verify failed
Failed to enable crypto
failed to open stream: operation failed
Retrying...
The "https://install.phpcomposer.com/versions" file could not be downloaded: SSL operation failed with code 1. OpenSSL Error messages:
error:14007086:SSL routines:CONNECT_CR_CERT:certificate verify failed
Failed to enable crypto
failed to open stream: operation failed
Retrying...
The "https://install.phpcomposer.com/versions" file could not be downloaded: SSL operation failed with code 1. OpenSSL Error messages:
error:14007086:SSL routines:CONNECT_CR_CERT:certificate verify failed
Failed to enable crypto
failed to open stream: operation failed
The download failed repeatedly, aborting.

四、解决问题

A：OpenSSL报错这个好办，直接php.ini开启此扩展即可

B：解决证书报错相关步骤：

第1步执行以下命令查看cert证书地址等信息：

#执行以下命令
$ php -r "print_r(openssl_get_cert_locations());"

#输出以下结果
Array
(
    [default_cert_file] => /private/etc/ssl/cert.pem
    [default_cert_file_env] => SSL_CERT_FILE
    [default_cert_dir] => /private/etc/ssl/certs
    [default_cert_dir_env] => SSL_CERT_DIR
    [default_private_dir] => /private/etc/ssl/private
    [default_default_cert_area] => /private/etc/ssl
    [ini_cafile] => 
    [ini_capath] => 
)

第2步下载最新的cer证书：

（或直接访问链接进行下载）

#执行以下命令
$ cd ~ && wget http://curl.haxx.se/ca/cacert.pem

第3步替换默认证书：
默认证书的地址就是第一步中输出的default_cert_file

第4步重新执行安装Composer命令：

#执行以下命令
$ php composer-setup.php

#输出以下结果
All settings correct for using Composer
Downloading...

Composer (version 2.3.7) successfully installed to: /Users/lang/Documents/Project/composer.phar
Use it: php composer.phar

第5步 完成！

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