Spring Boot Web开发(二)

本文介绍了如何在Spring Boot应用中实现国际化,包括配置文件、使用ResourceBundleMessageSource以及页面显示。接着讲解了Restful CRUD操作,遵循HTTP请求方式与资源操作对应的原则。还涉及了模板引擎的缓存禁用、登陆错误消息显示、登陆检查拦截器的实现,以及员工列表的CRUD操作。最后讨论了Thymeleaf中公共页面元素的抽取和引入。
摘要由CSDN通过智能技术生成

RestfulCRUD【实验】

1. 默认访问首页

package com.atguigu.springboot.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ViewControllerRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter;

/**
 * ClassName:MyMvcConfig
 * Package:com.atguigu.springboot.config
 * Description:
 *
 * @Date:2020/2/21 10:30
 * @Author:liangshuai@shuaige.com
 */
@Configuration
public class MyMvcConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
    @Override
    public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
        //浏览器发送/atguigu 请求也来到 success
        registry.addViewController("/atguigu").setViewName("success");
    }
    @Bean
    public WebMvcConfigurer webMvcConfigurer(){
        WebMvcConfigurer a = new WebMvcConfigurer() {
            @Override
            public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
                registry.addViewController("/").setViewName("login");
                registry.addViewController("/index.html").setViewName("login");
            }
        };
        return a;
    }

}

 

 2. 国际化

1)、编写国际化配置文件;

2)、使用ResourceBundleMessageSource管理国际化资源文件

3)、在页面使用fmt:message取出国际化内容

步骤:

1)、编写国际化配置文件,抽取页面需要显示的国际化消息

 

2)、SpringBoot自动配置好了管理国际化资源文件的组件;
    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.messages")
public class MessageSourceAutoConfiguration {
    /**
     * Comma-separated list of basenames (essentially a fully-qualified classpath
     * location), each following the ResourceBundle convention with relaxed support for
     * slash based locations. If it doesn't contain a package qualifier (such as
     * "org.mypackage"), it will be resolved from the classpath root.
     */
    private String basename = "messages";  
    //我们的配置文件可以直接放在类路径下叫messages.properties;
    
    @Bean
    public MessageSource messageSource() {
        ResourceBundleMessageSource messageSource = new ResourceBundleMessageSource();
        if (StringUtils.hasText(this.basename)) {
            //设置国际化资源文件的基础名(去掉语言国家代码的)
            messageSource.setBasenames(StringUtils.commaDelimitedListToStringArray(
                    StringUtils.trimAllWhitespace(this.basename)));
        }
        if (this.encoding != null) {
            messageSource.setDefaultEncoding(this.encoding.name());
        }
        messageSource.setFallbackToSystemLocale(this.fallbackToSystemLocale);
        messageSource.setCacheSeconds(this.cacheSeconds);
        messageSource.setAlwaysUseMessageFormat(this.alwaysUseMessageFormat);
        return messageSource;
    }

  3)、去页面获取国际化的值;

     效果:  根据浏览器语言设置的信息切换了国际化;
     原理:  国际化Locale(区域信息对象);LocaleResolver(获取区域信息对象);

     @Bean
        @ConditionalOnMissingBean
        @ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.mvc", name = "locale")
        public LocaleResolver localeResolver() {
            if (this.mvcProperties
                    .getLocaleResolver() == WebMvcProperties.LocaleResolver.FIXED) {
                return new FixedLocaleResolver(this.mvcProperties.getLocale());
            }
            AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver localeResolver = new AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver();
            localeResolver.setDefaultLocale(this.mvcProperties.getLocale());
            return localeResolver;
        }
      默认的就是根据请求头带来的区域信息获取Locale进行国际化

 

4)、点击链接切换国际化
/**
 * 可以在连接上携带区域信息
 */
public class MyLocaleResolver implements LocaleResolver {
    
    @Override
    public Locale resolveLocale(HttpServletRequest request) {
        String l = request.getParameter("l");
        Locale locale = Locale.getDefault();
        if(!StringUtils.isEmpty(l)){
            String[] split = l.split("_");
            locale = new Locale(split[0],split[1]);
        }
        return locale;
    }

    @Override
    public void setLocale(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Locale locale) {

    }
}


 @Bean
    public LocaleResolver localeResolver(){
        return new MyLocaleResolver();
    }
}

 

3)登陆

开发期间模板引擎页面修改以后,要实时生效

1)禁用模板引擎的缓存
# 禁用缓存
spring.thymeleaf.cache=false 

2)页面修改完成以后ctrl+f9:重新编译;

     登陆错误消息的显示
     <p style="color: red" th:text="${msg}" th:if="${not #strings.isEmpty(msg)}"></p>

 

4)拦截器进行登陆检查

拦截器

/**
 * 登陆检查,
 */
public class LoginHandlerInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
    //目标方法执行之前
    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
        Object user = request.getSession().getAttribute("loginUser");
        if(user == null){
            //未登陆,返回登陆页面
            request.setAttribute("msg","没有权限请先登陆");
            request.getRequestDispatcher("/index.html").forward(request,response);
            return false;
        }else{
            //已登陆,放行请求
            return true;
        }

    }

    @Override
    public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {

    }

    @Override
    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {

    }
}
注册拦截器

package com.atguigu.springboot.config;

import com.atguigu.springboot.component.LoginHandlerInterceptor;
import com.atguigu.springboot.component.MyLocaleResolver;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.LocaleResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.*;

/**
 * ClassName:MyMvcConfig
 * Package:com.atguigu.springboot.config
 * Description:
 *
 * @Date:2020/2/21 10:30
 * @Author:liangshuai@shuaige.com
 */
@Configuration
public class MyMvcConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
    @Override
    public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
        //浏览器发送/atguigu 请求也来到 success
        registry.addViewController("/atguigu").setViewName("success");
    }

    //所有的WebMvcConfigure组件都会一起起作用
    @Bean
    public WebMvcConfigurer webMvcConfigurer(){
        WebMvcConfigurer a = new WebMvcConfigurer() {
            @Override
            public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
                registry.addViewController("/").setViewName("login");
                registry.addViewController("/index.html").setViewName("login");
                registry.addViewController("/main.html").setViewName("dashboard");
            }
            //注册拦截器
            @Override
            public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
        //静态资源  *.css  *.js
        //SpringBoot已经做好了静态资源映射
                registry.addInterceptor(new LoginHandlerInterceptor()).addPathPatterns("/**")
            .excludePathPatterns("/index.html","/","/user/login","/webjars/**","/asserts/**");

            }
        };
        return a;
    }
    @Bean
    public LocaleResolver localeResolver(){
        return new MyLocaleResolver();
    }

}

 

5)CRUD-员工列表

实验要求:

1)、RestfulCRUD:CRUD满足Rest风格;

URI:  /资源名称/资源标识       HTTP请求方式区分对资源CRUD操作

|      | 普通CRUD(uri来区分操作) | RestfulCRUD       |
| ---- | ------------------------- | ----------------- |
| 查询 | getEmp                    | emp---GET         |
| 添加 | addEmp?xxx                | emp---POST        |
| 修改 | updateEmp?id=xxx&xxx=xx   | emp/{id}---PUT    |
| 删除 | deleteEmp?id=1            | emp/{id}---DELETE |


2)、实验的请求架构;

| 实验功能                             | 请求URI | 请求方式 |
| ------------------------------------ | ------- | -------- |
| 查询所有员工                         | emps    | GET      |
| 查询某个员工(来到修改页面)           | emp/1   | GET      |
| 来到添加页面                         | emp     | GET      |
| 添加员工                             | emp     | POST     |
| 来到修改页面(查出员工进行信息回显) | emp/1   | GET      |
| 修改员工                             | emp     | PUT      |
| 删除员工                             | emp/1   | DELETE   |

 

3)员工列表:

thymeleaf公共页面元素抽取
1、抽取公共片段
<div th:fragment="copy">
&copy; 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
</div>

2、引入公共片段
<div th:insert="~{footer :: copy}"></div>
~{templatename::selector}:模板名::选择器
~{templatename::fragmentname}:模板名::片段名

3、默认效果:
insert的公共片段在div标签中
如果使用th:insert等属性进行引入,可以不用写~{}:
行内写法可以加上:[[~{}]];[(~{})];
 

三种引入公共片段的th属性:

**th:insert**:将公共片段整个插入到声明引入的元素中

**th:replace**:将声明引入的元素替换为公共片段

**th:include**:将被引入的片段的内容包含进这个标签中

<footer th:fragment="copy">
&copy; 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
</footer>

引入方式
<div th:insert="footer :: copy"></div>
<div th:replace="footer :: copy"></div>
<div th:include="footer :: copy"></div>

效果
<div>
    <footer>
    &copy; 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
    </footer>
</div>

<footer>
&copy; 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
</footer>

<div>
&copy; 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
</div>

 

提交的数据格式不对:生日:日期;

2017-12-12;2017/12/12;2017.12.12;

日期的格式化;SpringMVC将页面提交的值需要转换为指定的类型;

2017-12-12---Date; 类型转换,格式化;

默认日期是按照/的方式;

application.properties:

server.servlet.context-path=/crud
spring.messages.basename=i18n.login
spring.mvc.date-format=yyyy-MM-dd
#禁用缓存
spring.thymeleaf.cache=false
添加、修改的html:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<!-- saved from url=(0052)http://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.0/examples/dashboard/ -->
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">

<head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
    <meta name="description" content="">
    <meta name="author" content="">

    <title>Dashboard Template for Bootstrap</title>
    <!-- Bootstrap core CSS -->
    <link href="asserts/css/bootstrap.min.css" th:href="@{/webjars/bootstrap/4.0.0/css/bootstrap.css}" rel="stylesheet">

    <!-- Custom styles for this template -->
    <link href="asserts/css/dashboard.css" th:href="@{/asserts/css/dashboard.css}" rel="stylesheet">
    <style type="text/css">
        /* Chart.js */

        @-webkit-keyframes chartjs-render-animation {
            from {
                opacity: 0.99
            }
            to {
                opacity: 1
            }
        }

        @keyframes chartjs-render-animation {
            from {
                opacity: 0.99
            }
            to {
                opacity: 1
            }
        }

        .chartjs-render-monitor {
            -webkit-animation: chartjs-render-animation 0.001s;
            animation: chartjs-render-animation 0.001s;
        }
    </style>
</head>

<body>
<!--引入抽取的topbar-->
<!--模板名:会使用thymeleaf的前后缀配置规则进行解析-->
<div th:replace="commons/bar::topbar"></div>

<div class="container-fluid">
    <div class="row">
        <!--引入侧边栏-->
        <div th:replace="commons/bar::#sidebar(activeUri='emps')"></div>

        <main role="main" class="col-md-9 ml-sm-auto col-lg-10 pt-3 px-4">
            <!--需要区分是员工修改还是添加;-->
            <form th:action="@{/emp}" method="post">
                <!--发送put请求修改员工数据-->
                <!--
                1、SpringMVC中配置HiddenHttpMethodFilter;(SpringBoot自动配置好的)
                2、页面创建一个post表单
                3、创建一个input项,name="_method";值就是我们指定的请求方式
                -->
                <input type="hidden" name="_method" value="put" th:if="${emp!=null}"/>
                <input type="hidden" name="id" th:if="${emp!=null}" th:value="${emp.id}">
                <div class="form-group">
                    <label>LastName</label>
                    <input name="lastName" type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="zhangsan" th:value="${emp!=null}?${emp.lastName}">
                </div>
                <div class="form-group">
                    <label>Email</label>
                    <input name="email" type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="zhangsan@atguigu.com" th:value="${emp!=null}?${emp.email}">
                </div>
                <div class="form-group">
                    <label>Gender</label><br/>
                    <div class="form-check form-check-inline">
                        <input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="gender" value="1" th:checked="${emp!=null}?${emp.gender==1}">
                        <label class="form-check-label">男</label>
                    </div>
                    <div class="form-check form-check-inline">
                        <input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="gender" value="0" th:checked="${emp!=null}?${emp.gender==0}">
                        <label class="form-check-label">女</label>
                    </div>
                </div>
                <div class="form-group">
                    <label>department</label>
                    <!--提交的是部门的id-->
                    <select class="form-control" name="department.id">
                        <option th:selected="${emp!=null}?${dept.id == emp.department.id}" th:value="${dept.id}" th:each="dept:${depts}" th:text="${dept.departmentName}">1</option>
                    </select>
                </div>
                <div class="form-group">
                    <label>Birth</label>
                    <input name="birth" type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="zhangsan" th:value="${emp!=null}?${#dates.format(emp.birth, 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm')}">
                </div>
                <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" th:text="${emp!=null}?'修改':'添加'">添加</button>
            </form>
        </main>
    </div>
</div>

<!-- Bootstrap core JavaScript
================================================== -->
<!-- Placed at the end of the document so the pages load faster -->
<script type="text/javascript" src="asserts/js/jquery-3.2.1.slim.min.js" th:src="@{/webjars/jquery/3.3.1/jquery.js}"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="asserts/js/popper.min.js" th:src="@{/webjars/popper.js/1.11.1/dist/popper.js}"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="asserts/js/bootstrap.min.js" th:src="@{/webjars/bootstrap/4.0.0/js/bootstrap.js}"></script>

<!-- Icons -->
<script type="text/javascript" src="asserts/js/feather.min.js" th:src="@{/asserts/js/feather.min.js}"></script>
<script>
    feather.replace()
</script>

</body>

</html>

 员工管理的主页面(删除操作、跳转到修改、添加页面的超链接)

<!DOCTYPE html>
<!-- saved from url=(0052)http://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.0/examples/dashboard/ -->
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">

<head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
    <meta name="description" content="">
    <meta name="author" content="">

    <title>Dashboard Template for Bootstrap</title>
    <!-- Bootstrap core CSS -->
    <link href="asserts/css/bootstrap.min.css" th:href="@{/webjars/bootstrap/4.0.0/css/bootstrap.css}" rel="stylesheet">

    <!-- Custom styles for this template -->
    <link href="asserts/css/dashboard.css" th:href="@{/asserts/css/dashboard.css}" rel="stylesheet">
    <style type="text/css">
        /* Chart.js */

        @-webkit-keyframes chartjs-render-animation {
            from {
                opacity: 0.99
            }
            to {
                opacity: 1
            }
        }

        @keyframes chartjs-render-animation {
            from {
                opacity: 0.99
            }
            to {
                opacity: 1
            }
        }

        .chartjs-render-monitor {
            -webkit-animation: chartjs-render-animation 0.001s;
            animation: chartjs-render-animation 0.001s;
        }
    </style>
</head>

<body>
<!--引入抽取的topbar-->
<!--模板名:会使用thymeleaf的前后缀配置规则进行解析-->
<div th:replace="commons/bar::topbar"></div>

<div class="container-fluid">
    <div class="row">
        <!--引入侧边栏-->
        <div th:replace="commons/bar::#sidebar(activeUri='emps')"></div>

        <main role="main" class="col-md-9 ml-sm-auto col-lg-10 pt-3 px-4">
            <h2><a class="btn btn-sm btn-success" href="emp" th:href="@{/emp}">员工添加</a></h2>
            <div class="table-responsive">
                <table class="table table-striped table-sm">
                    <thead>
                    <tr>
                        <th>#</th>
                        <th>lastName</th>
                        <th>email</th>
                        <th>gender</th>
                        <th>department</th>
                        <th>birth</th>
                        <th>操作</th>
                    </tr>
                    </thead>
                    <tbody>
                    <tr th:each="emp:${emps}">
                        <td th:text="${emp.id}"></td>
                        <td>[[${emp.lastName}]]</td>
                        <td th:text="${emp.email}"></td>
                        <td th:text="${emp.gender}==0?'女':'男'"></td>
                        <td th:text="${emp.department.departmentName}"></td>
                        <td th:text="${#dates.format(emp.birth, 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm')}"></td>
                        <td>
                            <a class="btn btn-sm btn-primary" th:href="@{/emp/}+${emp.id}">编辑</a>
                            <button th:attr="del_uri=@{/emp/}+${emp.id}" class="btn btn-sm btn-danger deleteBtn">删除</button>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    </tbody>
                </table>
            </div>
        </main>
        <form id="deleteEmpForm"  method="post">
            <input type="hidden" name="_method" value="delete"/>
        </form>
    </div>
</div>

<!-- Bootstrap core JavaScript
================================================== -->
<!-- Placed at the end of the document so the pages load faster -->
<script type="text/javascript" src="asserts/js/jquery-3.2.1.slim.min.js" th:src="@{/webjars/jquery/3.3.1/jquery.js}"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="asserts/js/popper.min.js" th:src="@{/webjars/popper.js/1.11.1/dist/popper.js}"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="asserts/js/bootstrap.min.js" th:src="@{/webjars/bootstrap/4.0.0/js/bootstrap.js}"></script>

<!-- Icons -->
<script type="text/javascript" src="asserts/js/feather.min.js" th:src="@{/asserts/js/feather.min.js}"></script>
<script>
    feather.replace()
</script>
<script>
    $(".deleteBtn").click(function(){
        //删除当前员工的
        $("#deleteEmpForm").attr("action",$(this).attr("del_uri")).submit();
        return false;
    });
</script>
</body>
</html>

 

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