Ansible roles

Ansible roles

首先是来自官方网站的一句话：

What is the best way to organize your playbooks? The short answer is to use roles! Roles are ways of automatically loading certain vars_files, tasks, and handlers based on a known file structure.

Learn from an example

学习ansible roles可以参考官网的案例：

项目组织结构

site.yml
webservers.yml
fooservers.yml
roles/
   common/
     files/
     templates/
     tasks/
     handlers/
     vars/
     defaults/
     meta/
   webservers/
     files/
     templates/
     tasks/
     handlers/
     vars/
     defaults/
     meta/

Look into playbook

---
- hosts: webservers
  roles:
     - common
     - webservers

我们可以把上述 项目结构 和 playbook 的转化翻译一下：
- If roles/x/tasks/main.yml exists, tasks listed therein will be added to the play
- If roles/x/handlers/main.yml exists, handlers listed therein will be added to the play
- If roles/x/vars/main.yml exists, variables listed therein will be added to the play
- If roles/x/defaults/main.yml exists, variables listed therein will be added to the play
- If roles/x/meta/main.yml exists, any role dependencies listed therein will be added to the list of roles (1.3 and later)
- Any copy, script, template or include tasks (in the role) can reference files in roles/x/{files,templates,tasks}/ (dir depends on task) without having to path them relatively or absolutely