Python初学笔记：Python编程基础知识

a = 2
b = 1;
print(a+b);
a = "0"
b = "1"
print(a+b)

python可以动态更改变量类型，而且使用非常方便

除法运算中的floor division与一般除法的区别比较：

print(3/4)
print(3./4)
print(3//4)
print(-3//4)

输出分别是：0; 0.75; 0; -1;

function 理解：

def myFunction(a):
    print("entry: " + str(a))
    a += 2
    if a < 5:
        myFunction(a)
    elif a < 20:
        a += 5
        myFunction(a)
    else:
        a -= 1
    print("exit: " + str(a))

myFunction(2)

输出：

for循环：

a = 10
for a in range(1,3):
    print("a = "+ str(a))

字典类型：

myDictionary = {'first':'1st', 'second':'2nd', 'third':'3rd'}
print(myDictionary['second'])
for a in myDictionary:
    print(a)
myDictionary['fourth']= '4th'
for a in myDictionary:
    print(a, myDictionary[a])

输出：

异常处理：

var1 = '1'
try:
    var2 = var1 + 1
except:
    var2 = int(var1)+1
    print(var2)
print("var2 = %d" % var2)

输出：2; var2 = 2;

在异常处理块内定义的变量，当做全局变量处理

简单文件读写操作：

f = open('test.txt', 'w')
f.write("This is my first text file created in Python.\n")
f.write("\t---by Sinjon.\n")
f.close()

f = open('test.txt', "r")
print(f.readline())
print(f.read(3))
print(f.read())
f.close()

f = open("test.txt", "a")
f.write("appending to a file")
f.close()

f = open("test.txt", "r")
myList = []
for line in f:
    myList.append(line)
print(myList)
f.close()

输出：

类的使用：

class Calculator(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.current = 0
        print("initializing...")
        print(self.current)
    def add(self, amount):
        print "adding..."
        print("%d + %d" % (self.current, amount))
        self.current += amount
    def getCurrent(self):
        return self.current
from ClassOne import *
myBuddy = Calculator()
myBuddy.add(10)
print(myBuddy.getCurrent())

输出

参考Tutorial：点击打开链接