python学习笔记（11）函数内部变量与外部变量，split，pop，sorted

1、函数内部变量与外部变量

print("Let's practice everything.")
print("You\d' need to know \'bout escapes with \\ that"
     " do \n newlines and \t tabs.")


poem = """
\tThe lovely world
with logic so firmil planted
cannot discern \n the needs of love
nor comprehend passion from intuition
and requires an explanation
\n\t\twhere there is none.
"""


print("----------")
print(poem)
print("----------")


five = 10-2+3-6


print("This should be five: %s" % five)


def secret_formula(started):
    jelly_beans = started * 500
    jars        = jelly_beans / 1000
    crates      = jars /100
    return jelly_beans,jars,crates#函数内部变量是临时的，返回后的值可以赋给新变量


start_point = 10000


bbc, bbq, adc = secret_formula(start_point)
#bbc, bbq, adc的变量名可以自己取，不用等于上面函数里的jelly_beans,jars,crates


print("With a starting point of: %d" % start_point)
print("We'd have %d beans, %d jars, and %d crates." % (bbc, bbq, adc))


start_point = start_point / 10


print("We can also do that this way:")
print("We'd have %d beans, %d jars, and %d crates." % secret_formula(start_point))

2、split，pop，sorted的用法

def break_words(stuff):
    """This function will break up words for us."""
    words = stuff.split(" ")
#分割字符命令：
#str.split(str="", num=string.count(str))
#str -- 分隔符，默认为空格
#num -- 分割次数
    return words


def sort_words(words):
    """Sorts the words."""
    return sorted(words)#排序命令，默认升序


def print_first_word(words):
    """Prints the first word after popping it off."""
    word = words.pop(0)
#删除序列1的元素，括号内的数为序列，括号为空，删除最后一个序列
    print(word)


def print_last_word(words):
    """Prints the last word after popping it off."""
    word = words.pop(-1)#删除最后一个序列的元素
    print(word)


def sort_sentence(sentence):
    """Takes in a full sentence and returns the sorted words."""
    words = break_words(sentence)
    return sort_words(words)


def print_first_and_last(sentence):
    """Prints the first and last words of the sentence."""
    words = break_words(sentence)
    print_first_word(words)
    print_last_word(words)


def print_first_and_last_sorted(sentence):
    """Sorts the words then prints the first and last one."""
    words = sort_sentence(sentence)
    print_first_word(words)
    print_last_word(words)