字符串替换空格： 请实现一个函数，把字符串中的每个空格替换成“％20”。例如输入“we are happy.”，则输出“we are happy.”。

#include <stdio.h>  
#include <assert.h>  
  
char*  replace(char* p)  
{  
    char* ret = p;  
    int num = 0;  
    int oldlen = 0;  
    int newlen = 0;  
    char* q = p;  
    char* r;  
    assert(p != NULL);  
    while (*p != '\0')  
    {  
        if (*p == ' ')  
        {  
            num++;  
        }  
        oldlen++;  
        p++;  
    }  
    p = q;  
    newlen = oldlen + 2 * num;  
    q = p + oldlen - 1;  
    r = p + newlen - 1;  
    while (q != r)  
    {  
        if (*q == ' ')  
        {  
            *r-- = '0';  
            *r-- = '2';  
            *r-- = '%';  
        }  
        else  
        {  
            *r = *q;  
            r--;  
        }  
        q--;  
    }  
    return ret;  
}  
  
int main()  
{  
    char p[20] = "we are happy.";  
    printf("原字符串是：%s\n", p);  
    printf("替换后的字符串是：%s\n", replace(p));  
    return 0;  
}