Uiautomator2监听网络状态，连接指定Wi-Fi

工作中接触到uiautomator测试框架，从1.0到2.0，改动还是挺大的，1.0是以jar的形式push到手机中，主要是已Eclipse开发为主，到了2.0则是以apk形式安装到手机中，主要是以Android Studio开发为主，个人感觉还是2.0要强大，而且方便一些。下面直接进入主题，利用uiautomator2实现监听网络状态的变化。

1.首先新建一个Android工程，测试部分主要在androidTest包下编写，

2.在gradle中defaultConfig标签下增加： 

 testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"

在dependencies下添加

androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test.uiautomator:uiautomator-v18:2.1.0'

还有就是不要忘记添加Wi-Fi权限：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_MULTICAST_STATE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_STATE" />

3.在androidTest包下编写测试用例：

package com.example.macbook.myapplication;

import  android.content.Context;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.net.ConnectivityManager;
import android.net.NetworkInfo;
import android.net.wifi.WifiConfiguration;
import android.net.wifi.WifiManager;
import android.os.RemoteException;
import android.support.test.InstrumentationRegistry;
import android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
import android.support.test.uiautomator.UiDevice;
import android.util.Log;

import com.example.macbook.myapplication.broadcast.NetWorkConnectChangedReceiver;
import com.example.macbook.myapplication.config.AppConfig;
import com.example.macbook.myapplication.util.WifiAdminTest;

import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
public class TestEnv {
    private Context context;
    private UiDevice device;
private WifiAdminTest wifiAdminTest;
    @Before
    public void setUp() throws RemoteException {
        context = InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation().getTargetContext().getApplicationContext();
        device = UiDevice.getInstance(InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation());
        if (!device.isScreenOn()) {
            device.wakeUp();
        }
        wifiAdminTest=new WifiAdminTest(context);
        device.pressHome();
        IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();
        filter.addAction("android.net.conn.CONNECTIVITY_CHANGE");
        filter.addAction("android.net.wifi.WIFI_STATE_CHANGED");
        filter.addAction("android.net.wifi.STATE_CHANGE");
        context.registerReceiver(new NetWorkConnectChangedReceiver(),filter);

    }

    @Test
    public void test_ssid() {
        if(!wifiAdminTest.getWifiManager().isWifiEnabled()){
            Log.e("xujun","wifi没打开");
            wifiAdminTest.openWifi(context);
        }else{

            WifiConfiguration wifiConfiguration = wifiAdminTest.CreateWifiInfo(AppConfig.FLAG_SSID, AppConfig.FLAG_PWD, 3);
            wifiAdminTest.addNetwork(wifiConfiguration);

            ConnectivityManager manager = (ConnectivityManager) context.getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);

            NetworkInfo wifiInfo = manager.getNetworkInfo(ConnectivityManager.TYPE_WIFI);
            WifiManager wifiManager = (WifiManager) context
                    .getSystemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE);
            String wifiSSID = wifiManager.getConnectionInfo()
                    .getSSID();
            if (wifiInfo.isConnected()) {
                Log.e("TAG = ",wifiSSID + "连接成功");
            }else {
                Log.e("TAG = ",wifiSSID + "连接不成功");

            }
        }
    }
    @After
    public void tearDown(){

    }
}

广播类：

package com.example.macbook.myapplication.broadcast;

import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.net.ConnectivityManager;
import android.net.NetworkInfo;
import android.net.wifi.WifiManager;
import android.os.Parcelable;
import android.util.Log;
/*网络改变监控广播
 *<p>
 *监听网络的改变状态,只有在用户操作网络连接开关(wifi,mobile)的时候接受广播,
 *然后对相应的界面进行相应的操作，并将 状态 保存在我们的APP里面
 *<p>
 *<p>
 *Created by xujun
 */

public class NetWorkConnectChangedReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {

    private static final String TAG_1 = "TAG_broad";
    public static final String TAG_2 = "xxx";

    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        // 这个监听wifi的打开与关闭，与wifi的连接无关
        if (WifiManager.WIFI_STATE_CHANGED_ACTION.equals(intent.getAction())) {
            int wifiState = intent.getIntExtra(WifiManager.EXTRA_WIFI_STATE, 0);
            Log.e(TAG_2, "wifiState" + wifiState);
            switch (wifiState) {
                case WifiManager.WIFI_STATE_DISABLED:
                    Log.e(TAG_1, "wifi closed");
                    break;
                case WifiManager.WIFI_STATE_DISABLING:

                    break;
                case WifiManager.WIFI_STATE_ENABLING:
                    break;
                case WifiManager.WIFI_STATE_ENABLED:
                    Log.e(TAG_1, "wifi open");
                    break;
                case WifiManager.WIFI_STATE_UNKNOWN:
                    break;
                default:
                    break;


            }
        }
        // 这个监听wifi的连接状态即是否连上了一个有效无线路由，当上边广播的状态是WifiManager
        // .WIFI_STATE_DISABLING，和WIFI_STATE_DISABLED的时候，根本不会接到这个广播。
        // 在上边广播接到广播是WifiManager.WIFI_STATE_ENABLED状态的同时也会接到这个广播，
        // 当然刚打开wifi肯定还没有连接到有效的无线
        if (WifiManager.NETWORK_STATE_CHANGED_ACTION.equals(intent.getAction())) {
            Parcelable parcelableExtra = intent
                    .getParcelableExtra(WifiManager.EXTRA_NETWORK_INFO);
            if (null != parcelableExtra) {
                NetworkInfo networkInfo = (NetworkInfo) parcelableExtra;
                NetworkInfo.State state = networkInfo.getState();
                boolean isConnected = state == NetworkInfo.State.CONNECTED;// 当然，这边可以更精确的确定状态
                Log.e(TAG_2, "isConnected" + isConnected);
                if (isConnected) {
                    Log.e(TAG_1, "wifi true");
                } else {
                    Log.e(TAG_1, "wifi false");
                }
            }
        }
        // 这个监听网络连接的设置，包括wifi和移动数据的打开和关闭。.
        // 最好用的还是这个监听。wifi如果打开，关闭，以及连接上可用的连接都会接到监听。见log
        // 这个广播的最大弊端是比上边两个广播的反应要慢，如果只是要监听wifi，我觉得还是用上边两个配合比较合适
        if (ConnectivityManager.CONNECTIVITY_ACTION.equals(intent.getAction())) {
            ConnectivityManager manager = (ConnectivityManager) context
                    .getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);
            Log.i(TAG_2, "CONNECTIVITY_ACTION");

            NetworkInfo activeNetwork = manager.getActiveNetworkInfo();
            if (activeNetwork != null) { // connected to the internet
                if (activeNetwork.isConnected()) {
                    if (activeNetwork.getType() == ConnectivityManager.TYPE_WIFI) {
                        // connected to wifi
                        Log.e(TAG_1, "当前WiFi连接可用 ");
                    } else if (activeNetwork.getType() == ConnectivityManager.TYPE_MOBILE) {
                        // connected to the mobile provider's data plan
                        Log.e(TAG_1, "当前移动网络连接可用 ");
                    }
                } else {
                    Log.e(TAG_1, "当前没有网络连接，请确保你已经打开网络 ");
                }


                Log.e(TAG_2, "info.getTypeName()" + activeNetwork.getTypeName());
                Log.e(TAG_2, "getSubtypeName()" + activeNetwork.getSubtypeName());
                Log.e(TAG_2, "getState()" + activeNetwork.getState());
                Log.e(TAG_2, "getDetailedState()"
                        + activeNetwork.getDetailedState().name());
                Log.e(TAG_2, "getDetailedState()" + activeNetwork.getExtraInfo());
                Log.e(TAG_2, "getType()" + activeNetwork.getType());
            } else {   // not connected to the internet
                Log.e(TAG_1, "当前没有网络连接，请确保你已经打开网络 ");

            }


        }
    }


}

WifiAdmin类：

package com.example.macbook.myapplication.util;

import android.content.Context;
import android.net.wifi.ScanResult;
import android.net.wifi.WifiConfiguration;
import android.net.wifi.WifiInfo;
import android.net.wifi.WifiManager;
import android.net.wifi.WifiManager.WifiLock;
import android.widget.Toast;

import java.util.List;

public class WifiAdminTest {
    // 定义WifiManager对象
    private WifiManager mWifiManager;
    // 定义WifiInfo对象
    private WifiInfo mWifiInfo;
    // 扫描出的网络连接列表
    private List<ScanResult> mWifiList;
    // 网络连接列表
    private List<WifiConfiguration> mWifiConfiguration;
    // 定义一个WifiLock
    WifiLock mWifiLock;

    // 构造器
    public WifiAdminTest(Context context) {
        // 取得WifiManager对象
        mWifiManager = (WifiManager) context
                .getSystemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE);
        // 取得WifiInfo对象
        mWifiInfo = mWifiManager.getConnectionInfo();
    }

    // 打开WIFI
    public void openWifi(Context context) {
        if (!mWifiManager.isWifiEnabled()) {
            mWifiManager.setWifiEnabled(true);
        }else if (mWifiManager.getWifiState() == WifiManager.WIFI_STATE_ENABLING) {
            Toast.makeText(context,"亲，Wifi正在开启，不用再开了", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }else{
            Toast.makeText(context,"亲，Wifi已经开启,不用再开了", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }

    // 关闭WIFI
    public void closeWifi(Context context) {
        if (mWifiManager.isWifiEnabled()) {
            mWifiManager.setWifiEnabled(false);
        }else if(mWifiManager.getWifiState() == WifiManager.WIFI_STATE_DISABLED){
            Toast.makeText(context,"亲，Wifi已经关闭，不用再关了", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }else if (mWifiManager.getWifiState() == WifiManager.WIFI_STATE_DISABLING) {
            Toast.makeText(context,"亲，Wifi正在关闭，不用再关了", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }else{
            Toast.makeText(context,"请重新关闭", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }
public WifiManager getWifiManager(){
        if(mWifiManager!=null){
            return mWifiManager;
        }
        return null;
}
    // 检查当前WIFI状态
    public void checkState(Context context) {
        if (mWifiManager.getWifiState() == WifiManager.WIFI_STATE_DISABLING) {
            Toast.makeText(context,"Wifi正在关闭", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        } else if (mWifiManager.getWifiState() == WifiManager.WIFI_STATE_DISABLED) {
            Toast.makeText(context,"Wifi已经关闭", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        } else if (mWifiManager.getWifiState() == WifiManager.WIFI_STATE_ENABLING) {
            Toast.makeText(context,"Wifi正在开启", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        } else if (mWifiManager.getWifiState() == WifiManager.WIFI_STATE_ENABLED) {
            Toast.makeText(context,"Wifi已经开启", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        } else {
            Toast.makeText(context,"没有获取到WiFi状态", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }

    // 锁定WifiLock
    public void acquireWifiLock() {
        mWifiLock.acquire();
    }

    // 解锁WifiLock
    public void releaseWifiLock() {
        // 判断时候锁定
        if (mWifiLock.isHeld()) {
            mWifiLock.acquire();
        }
    }

    // 创建一个WifiLock
    public void creatWifiLock() {
        mWifiLock = mWifiManager.createWifiLock("Test");
    }

    // 得到配置好的网络
    public List<WifiConfiguration> getConfiguration() {
        return mWifiConfiguration;
    }

    // 指定配置好的网络进行连接
    public void connectConfiguration(int index) {
        // 索引大于配置好的网络索引返回
        if (index > mWifiConfiguration.size()) {
            return;
        }
        // 连接配置好的指定ID的网络
        mWifiManager.enableNetwork(mWifiConfiguration.get(index).networkId,
                true);
    }

    public void startScan(Context context) {
        mWifiManager.startScan();
        // 得到扫描结果
        mWifiList = mWifiManager.getScanResults();
        // 得到配置好的网络连接
        mWifiConfiguration = mWifiManager.getConfiguredNetworks();
        if (mWifiList == null) {
            if(mWifiManager.getWifiState()==WifiManager.WIFI_STATE_ENABLED){
                Toast.makeText(context,"当前区域没有无线网络", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }else if(mWifiManager.getWifiState()==WifiManager.WIFI_STATE_ENABLING){
                Toast.makeText(context,"WiFi正在开启，请稍后重新点击扫描", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }else{
                Toast.makeText(context,"WiFi没有开启，无法扫描", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        }
    }

    // 得到网络列表
    public List<ScanResult> getWifiList() {
        return mWifiList;
    }

    // 查看扫描结果
    public StringBuilder lookUpScan() {
        StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
        for (int i = 0; i < mWifiList.size(); i++) {
            stringBuilder
                    .append("Index_" + new Integer(i + 1).toString() + ":");
            // 将ScanResult信息转换成一个字符串包
            // 其中把包括：BSSID、SSID、capabilities、frequency、level
            stringBuilder.append((mWifiList.get(i)).toString());
            stringBuilder.append("/n");
        }
        return stringBuilder;
    }

    // 得到MAC地址
    public String getMacAddress() {
        return (mWifiInfo == null) ? "NULL" : mWifiInfo.getMacAddress();
    }

    // 得到接入点的BSSID
    public String getBSSID() {
        return (mWifiInfo == null) ? "NULL" : mWifiInfo.getBSSID();
    }

    // 得到IP地址
    public int getIPAddress() {
        return (mWifiInfo == null) ? 0 : mWifiInfo.getIpAddress();
    }

    // 得到连接的ID
    public int getNetworkId() {
        return (mWifiInfo == null) ? 0 : mWifiInfo.getNetworkId();
    }

    // 得到WifiInfo的所有信息包
    public String getWifiInfo() {
        return (mWifiInfo == null) ? "NULL" : mWifiInfo.toString();
    }

    // 添加一个网络并连接
    public void addNetwork(WifiConfiguration wcg) {
        int wcgID = mWifiManager.addNetwork(wcg);
        boolean b =  mWifiManager.enableNetwork(wcgID, true);
        System.out.println("a--" + wcgID);
        System.out.println("b--" + b);
    }

    // 断开指定ID的网络
    public void disconnectWifi(int netId) {
        mWifiManager.disableNetwork(netId);
        mWifiManager.disconnect();
    }
    public void removeWifi(int netId) {
        disconnectWifi(netId);
        mWifiManager.removeNetwork(netId);
    }

//然后是一个实际应用方法，只验证过没有密码的情况：

    public WifiConfiguration CreateWifiInfo(String SSID, String Password, int Type)
    {
        WifiConfiguration config = new WifiConfiguration();
        config.allowedAuthAlgorithms.clear();
        config.allowedGroupCiphers.clear();
        config.allowedKeyManagement.clear();
        config.allowedPairwiseCiphers.clear();
        config.allowedProtocols.clear();
        config.SSID = "\"" + SSID + "\"";

        WifiConfiguration tempConfig = this.IsExsits(SSID);
        if(tempConfig != null) {
            mWifiManager.removeNetwork(tempConfig.networkId);
        }

        if(Type == 1) //WIFICIPHER_NOPASS
        {
            config.wepKeys[0] = "";
            config.allowedKeyManagement.set(WifiConfiguration.KeyMgmt.NONE);
            config.wepTxKeyIndex = 0;
        }
        if(Type == 2) //WIFICIPHER_WEP
        {
            config.hiddenSSID = true;
            config.wepKeys[0]= "\""+Password+"\"";
            config.allowedAuthAlgorithms.set(WifiConfiguration.AuthAlgorithm.SHARED);
            config.allowedGroupCiphers.set(WifiConfiguration.GroupCipher.CCMP);
            config.allowedGroupCiphers.set(WifiConfiguration.GroupCipher.TKIP);
            config.allowedGroupCiphers.set(WifiConfiguration.GroupCipher.WEP40);
            config.allowedGroupCiphers.set(WifiConfiguration.GroupCipher.WEP104);
            config.allowedKeyManagement.set(WifiConfiguration.KeyMgmt.NONE);
            config.wepTxKeyIndex = 0;
        }
        if(Type == 3) //WIFICIPHER_WPA
        {
            config.preSharedKey = "\""+Password+"\"";
            config.hiddenSSID = true;
            config.allowedAuthAlgorithms.set(WifiConfiguration.AuthAlgorithm.OPEN);
            config.allowedGroupCiphers.set(WifiConfiguration.GroupCipher.TKIP);
            config.allowedKeyManagement.set(WifiConfiguration.KeyMgmt.WPA_PSK);
            config.allowedPairwiseCiphers.set(WifiConfiguration.PairwiseCipher.TKIP);
            //config.allowedProtocols.set(WifiConfiguration.Protocol.WPA);
            config.allowedGroupCiphers.set(WifiConfiguration.GroupCipher.CCMP);
            config.allowedPairwiseCiphers.set(WifiConfiguration.PairwiseCipher.CCMP);
            config.status = WifiConfiguration.Status.ENABLED;
        }
        return config;
    }

    private WifiConfiguration IsExsits(String SSID)
    {
        List<WifiConfiguration> existingConfigs = mWifiManager.getConfiguredNetworks();
        for (WifiConfiguration existingConfig : existingConfigs)
        {
            if (existingConfig.SSID.equals("\""+SSID+"\""))
            {
                return existingConfig;
            }
        }
        return null;
    }
}

本例子的广播是在setUp方法中动态注册，我们知道动态注册广播的特点就是广播的生命周期跟随这个类，并且该测试类从setUp()到tearDown()执行时间特别快，导致wifi状态还没监听完就被销毁了，不过指定的Wi-Fi一定会成功的。