Ubuntu 18.04 安装mysql

1. 测试是否安装过mysql：

sudo dpkg -l |grep mysql

若没有安装，则显示为空。

2. 安装命令：

sudo apt install mysql-server

安装成功后，mysqld自动启动，可使用ps命令查看是否安装成功：

ubuntu@VM-12-10-ubuntu:~$ ps -ef |grep mysql
mysql     4801     1  0 16:15 ?        00:00:00 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
ubuntu    6061  2347  0 16:19 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysql

3、安装成功后，可使用root用户直接登录，mysql初始化没有密码：

 4. 配置数据库用户密码

ubuntu@VM-12-10-ubuntu:~$ mysql_secure_installation

Securing the MySQL server deployment.

Enter password for user root: 
Error: Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost'
ubuntu@VM-12-10-ubuntu:~$ sudo mysql_secure_installation

Securing the MySQL server deployment.

Connecting to MySQL using a blank password.

VALIDATE PASSWORD PLUGIN can be used to test passwords
and improve security. It checks the strength of password
and allows the users to set only those passwords which are
secure enough. Would you like to setup VALIDATE PASSWORD plugin?

Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No: n  # 是否安装验证密码插件，这里我选择了否
Please set the password for root here.

New password: 

Re-enter new password: 
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,
allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have
a user account created for them. This is intended only for
testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother.
You should remove them before moving into a production
environment.

Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y  # 是否删除匿名账户
Success.


Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from
'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at
the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : N  # 是否允许root远程登录

 ... skipping.
By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that
anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing,
and should be removed before moving into a production
environment.


Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y # 删除test数据库
 - Dropping test database...
Success.

 - Removing privileges on test database...
Success.

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes
made so far will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y  # 是否重新加载修改后的配置
Success.

All done! 
ubuntu@VM-12-10-ubuntu:~$ 

5. 配置mysql允许远程访问。

vim /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf

注释掉bind-address          = 127.0.0.1

设置授权：