1、post json数据:添加header、cookie
必须在headers中添加 {‘Content-Type’: ‘application/json’}
url = 'https://xxxx/xxxxx/Auto'
header={'Content-Type': 'application/json'}
response = requests.post(url, data=json_str, headers=header)
json = response.json() #返回类型是dict,内容同text
text = response.text
print(response) #成功,返回<Response [200]>
print(text) #成功,返回http接口定义的正确返回形式,如:{"Content":{"PkgName":"XMRD0000001"},"Message":"","Success":true,"Total":0}
header中添加http接口需要的额外验证消息:
header={'Content-Type': 'application/json','appid':'rrrd_zs','userId':'8tt8-hujijhu-xxxx-aaad-hj90h2joi'}
post时添加cookie:
url = 'https://xxxx/xxxxx/Auto'
header={'Content-Type': 'application/json'}
jar = requests.cookies.RequestsCookieJar()
jar.set('LLL',cookie_LLL_value) # jar.set(cookie_name,cookie_value)
response = requests.post(url, data=json_str, headers=header, cookies=jar)
json = response.json()
text = response.text
print(response)
print(text)
【附注】账号登录,爬虫cookie:
def get_cookie(url='https://xx.xxx.xxx/search'):
driver=webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get(url)
driver.maximize_window()
#找到登录/注册link,点击弹出账号输入窗口
login_button_main=driver.find_element_by_link_text('登录/注册')
login_button_main.click()
print(driver.page_source)
time.sleep(3)
#找到账号密码输入框,输入内容,并点击“登录”按钮
input_tags=driver.find_elements_by_tag_name('input')
print('INPUT:',[put.get_attribute('placeholder') for put in input_tags])
for input_tag in input_tags:
if input_tag.get_attribute('placeholder')=='请输入用户名':
input_tag.clear()
input_tag.send_keys("wozuimei")
if input_tag.get_attribute('placeholder')=='请输入密码':
input_tag.clear()
input_tag.send_keys("wzm66666")
login_button=driver.find_element_by_link_text('登录')
login_button.click()
time.sleep(5)
#进入指定账号后,获取cookie
cookie = driver.get_cookies()
print(type(cookie)) #list类型,一个字典为一个元素
print(cookie)
print({cookie[4]['name']:cookie[4]['value']})
driver.close()
return cookie
2、post文件(包括图片文件):
url = 'https://xxxx/xxxxx/Auto'
files = {'file': open(file_name, 'rb')}
response = requests.post(url, files=files)
json = response.json()
print(json)
【附注】在post json时,其中的字段需要的文件名可能需要进行GUID编码(Python中UUID)
import uuid
# uuid.NAMESPACE_DNS, uuid.NAMESPACE_OID
print(uuid.uuid3(uuid.NAMESPACE_OID,'581.jpg')) #结果:5e45b801-43da-3d71-a67c-38b803d9c9b6