1、arm启动流程回顾
2440
(1)从nand flash中的前4KB拷贝到sram(垫脚石)中进行运行。
(2)然后pc指针指向0地址,执行垫脚石的第一条指令;
(3)接着运行这4KB的指令,这4kb的内容需要完成必要的初始化工作:
①内存sdram初始化好,nand flash初始化好;
②再把整个nand flah上的程序拷贝到内存。
③剩下的代码就在内存中运行了。
210开发板
注意210和2440有一些区别,多出来一个srom
2、代码移植
(1)确定起点
(2)相对跳转、绝对跳转
绝对跳转方式:
①直接调用reset()
②使用伪指令ldr pc, =reset
相对跳转:
①b
②bl
(3)确定终点
也就是链接地址0x30008000
copy_to_ram:
ldr r0, =0x0 起始地址
ldr r1, =0x30008000 结束地址
add r3, r0, #1024*4
copy_loop:
ldr r2, [r0], #4 去起始地址取数据放到r2
str r2, [r1], #4 存到结束地址对应的内存
cmp r0, r3
bne copy_loop
mov pc, lr
start.S
.text
.global _start
_start:
b reset
ldr pc, _undifined_instruction
ldr pc, _software_interrupt
ldr pc, _prefetch_abort
ldr pc, _data_abort
ldr pc, _not_used
ldr pc, _irq
ldr pc, _fiq
_undifined_instruction: .word undifined_instruction
_software_interrupt: .word software_interrupt
_prefetch_abort: .word prefetch_abort
_data_abort: .word data_abort
_not_used: .word not_used
_irq: .word irq
_fiq: .word reset
undifined_instruction:
nop
software_interrupt:
nop
prefetch_abort:
nop
data_abort:
nop
not_used:
nop
irq:
nop
fiq:
nop
reset:
bl set_svc
bl disable_watchdog
bl disable_interrupt
bl disable_mmu
bl init_clock
bl init_sdram
bl copy_to_ram
bl light_led
set_svc:
mrs r0, cpsr
bic r0, r0,#0x1f
orr r0, r0,#0xd3
msr cpsr, r0
mov pc, lr
#define pWTCON 0x53000000
disable_watchdog:
ldr r0, =pWTCON
mov r1, #0x0
str r1, [r0]
mov pc, lr
disable_interrupt:
mvn r1, #0x0
ldr r0, =0x4a000008
str r1, [r0]
mov pc, lr
disable_mmu:
mcr p15,0,r0,c7,c7,0
mrc p15,0,r0,c1,c0,0
bic r0, r0, #0x00000007
mcr p15,0,r0,c1,c0,0
mov pc, lr
#define CLKDIVN 0x4c000014
#define MPLLCON 0x4c000008
#define MPLL_405MHZ ((127<<12)|(2<<4)|(1<<0))
init_clock:
ldr r0, =CLKDIVN
mov r1, #0x5
str r1, [r0]
mcr p15,0,r0,c1,c0,0
orr r0,r0,#0xc0000000
mcr p15,0,r0,c1,c0,0
ldr r0, =MPLLCON
ldr r1, =MPLL_405MHZ
str r1, [r0]
mov pc, lr
#define mem_contrl 0x48000000
init_sdram:
ldr r0, =mem_contrl
add r3, r0, #4*13
adrl r1, mem_data
0:
ldr r2, [r1], #4
str r2, [r0], #4
cmp r0, r3
bne 0b
mov pc, lr
copy_to_ram:
ldr r0, =0x0
ldr r1, =0x30008000
add r3, r0, #1024*4
copy_loop:
ldr r2, [r0], #4
str r2, [r1], #4
cmp r0, r3
bne copy_loop
mov pc, lr
mem_data:
.long 0x22000000
.long 0x00000700
.long 0x00000700
.long 0x00000700
.long 0x00000700
.long 0x00000700
.long 0x00000700
.long 0x00018001
.long 0x00018001
.long 0x008c04f5
.long 0x000000b1
.long 0x00000030
.long 0x00000030
#define GPBCON 0x56000010
#define GPBDAT 0x56000014
light_led:
ldr r0, =GPBCON
ldr r1,=0x15400
str r1, [r0]
ldr r0, =GPBDAT
ldr r1,=0x6BF
str r1, [r0]
mov pc, lr
gboot.lds
OUTPUT_ARCH(arm)
ENTRY(_start)
SECTIONS {
. = 0x30008000;
. = ALIGN(4);
.text :
{
start.o (.text)
*(.text)
}
. = ALIGN(4);
.data :
{
*(.data)
}
. = ALIGN(4);
bss_start = .;
.bss :
{
*(.bss)
}
bss_end = .;
}
Makefile:
all: start.o
arm-linux-ld -Tgboot.lds -o gboot.elf $^
arm-linux-objcopy -O binary gboot.elf gboot.bin
%.o : %.S
arm-linux-gcc -g -c $^
%.o : %.c
arm-linux-gcc -g -c $^
.PHONY: clean
clean:
rm *.o *.elf *.bin