使用canal同步MySQL数据到Redis--解决高并发下缓存数据不一致问题

背景

项目架构SpringMVC+MyBatisPlus+Redis。
开发过程中遇到的问题：
Redis和MySQL会出现数据不一致问题，因此使用canal中间件来操作Redis中的数据（增加、删除、修改）。
使用canal之后，业务服务只管从Redis中取数据，不必关心Redis中的数据从何而来。

0. alibaba/canal介绍

canal 主要用途是基于 MySQL 数据库增量日志解析，提供增量数据订阅和消费。
当前的 canal 支持源端 MySQL 版本包括 5.1.x , 5.5.x , 5.6.x , 5.7.x , 8.0.x

1. 需要MySQL开启bin_log功能

执行show variables like '%log_bin%'查看是否启用bin_log功能

2. 部署canal-deployer

canal下载地址
canal-deployer-1.1.5.tar.gz下载地址
教程参考

3. 开发canal客户端

用于接收canal-deployer发来的bin_log数据

pom.xml

<repositories>
        <repository>
            <id>alimaven</id>
            <name>aliyun maven</name>
            <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
        </repository>
    </repositories>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>redis.clients</groupId>
            <artifactId>jedis</artifactId>
            <version>3.2.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.otter</groupId>
            <artifactId>canal.client</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.4</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

CanalClient.java

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.alibaba.otter.canal.client.CanalConnector;
import com.alibaba.otter.canal.client.CanalConnectors;
import com.alibaba.otter.canal.protocol.CanalEntry.*;
import com.alibaba.otter.canal.protocol.Message;

import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.util.List;

public class CanalClient {
    public static void main(String args[]) {
        CanalConnector connector = CanalConnectors.newSingleConnector(new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1",
                11111), "example", "canal", "canal");
        int batchSize = 1000;
        try {
            connector.connect();
            connector.subscribe(".*\\..*");
            connector.rollback();
            while (true) {
                Message message = connector.getWithoutAck(batchSize); // 获取指定数量的数据
                long batchId = message.getId();
                int size = message.getEntries().size();
                if (batchId == -1 || size == 0) {
                    try {
                        Thread.sleep(1000);
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                } else {
                    printEntry(message.getEntries());
                }
                connector.ack(batchId); // 提交确认
                // connector.rollback(batchId); // 处理失败, 回滚数据
            }
        } finally {
            connector.disconnect();
        }
    }

    private static void printEntry(List<Entry> entrys) {
        for (Entry entry : entrys) {
            if (entry.getEntryType() == EntryType.TRANSACTIONBEGIN || entry.getEntryType() == EntryType.TRANSACTIONEND) {
                continue;
            }
            RowChange rowChage = null;
            try {
                rowChage = RowChange.parseFrom(entry.getStoreValue());
            } catch (Exception e) {
                throw new RuntimeException("ERROR ## parser of eromanga-event has an error , data:" + entry.toString(),
                        e);
            }
            EventType eventType = rowChage.getEventType();
            System.out.println(String.format("================> binlog[%s:%s] , name[%s,%s] , eventType : %s",
                    entry.getHeader().getLogfileName(), entry.getHeader().getLogfileOffset(),
                    entry.getHeader().getSchemaName(), entry.getHeader().getTableName(),
                    eventType));

            for (RowData rowData : rowChage.getRowDatasList()) {
                if (eventType == EventType.DELETE) {
                    redisDelete(entry.getHeader().getTableName(), rowData.getBeforeColumnsList());
                } else if (eventType == EventType.INSERT) {
                    redisInsert(entry.getHeader().getTableName(), rowData.getAfterColumnsList());
                } else {
                    System.out.println("-------> before");
                    printColumn(rowData.getBeforeColumnsList());
                    System.out.println("-------> after");
                    redisUpdate(entry.getHeader().getTableName(), rowData.getAfterColumnsList());
                }
            }
        }
    }

    private static void printColumn(List<Column> columns) {
        for (Column column : columns) {
            System.out.println(column.getName() + " : " + column.getValue() + "    update=" + column.getUpdated());
        }
    }

    private static void redisInsert(String tableName, List<Column> columns) {
        JSONObject json = new JSONObject();
        for (Column column : columns) {
            json.put(column.getName(), column.getValue());
        }
        if (columns.size() > 0) {
            System.out.println(columns.get(0).getValue() + "," + json.toJSONString());
            RedisUtil.stringSet(tableName, columns.get(0).getValue(), json.toJSONString());
        }
    }

    private static void redisUpdate(String tableName, List<Column> columns) {
        JSONObject json = new JSONObject();
        for (Column column : columns) {
            json.put(column.getName(), column.getValue());
        }
        if (columns.size() > 0) {
            System.out.println(columns.get(0).getValue() + "," + json.toJSONString());
            RedisUtil.stringSet(tableName, columns.get(0).getValue(), json.toJSONString());
        }
    }

    private static void redisDelete(String tableName, List<Column> columns) {
        JSONObject json = new JSONObject();
        for (Column column : columns) {
            json.put(column.getName(), column.getValue());
        }
        if (columns.size() > 0) {
            System.out.println(columns.get(0).getValue());
            RedisUtil.delKey(tableName, columns.get(0).getValue());
        }
    }
}  

RedisUtil.java

import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPool;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig;

/**
 * @author lgz
 */
public class RedisUtil {

    private static Jedis jedis = null;

    public static synchronized Jedis getJedis() {
        if (jedis == null) {
            jedis = new Jedis("127.0.0.1", 6379);
            jedis.auth("123456");
        }
        return jedis;
    }

    public static boolean existKey(String key) {
        return getJedis().exists(key);
    }

    // todo 增删改操作需要清空所有filter数据
    //        getJedis().del(tableName+":filter");

    public static void delKey(String tableName,String key) {
        getJedis().hdel(tableName,key);
    }

    public static String stringGet(String tableName,String key) {
        return getJedis().hget(tableName, key);
    }

    public static String stringSet(String tableName,String key, String value) {
        getJedis().hset(tableName,key,value);
        return "";
//        return getJedis().set(key, value);
    }

    public static void hashSet(String key, String field, String value) {
        getJedis().hset(key, field, value);
    }
}