RMAN 备份路径困惑(使用plus archivelog时)

--*******************************************

-- RMAN 备份困惑(使用plus archivelog)

--*******************************************

 

 

  最近RMAN备份时到一点疑惑。即使用plus archivelog不管是使用format参数指定备份文件的路径还是使用configure配置RMAN备份,都不能

将数据文件和日志文件备份到同一路。在因以前使用RMAN备份,都是单独备份数据文件和日志文件,所以一直有在意这个问题。下面出具体事例。

 

一、指定备份径备份数归档日志

  RMAN> backupdatabase format '/u01/bk/bk_db_%U' plus archivelog

 

  Starting backupat02-MAY-11

  currentlog archived

  allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

  channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=146 devtype=DISK

  channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archivelog backupset

  channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archivelog(s) inbackupset

  input archivelogthread=1sequence=50 recid=10 stamp=750091269

  input archivelogthread=1sequence=51 recid=11 stamp=750091281

  input archivelogthread=1sequence=52 recid=12 stamp=750091286

  input archivelogthread=1sequence=53 recid=13 stamp=750092325

  input archivelogthread=1sequence=54 recid=14 stamp=750092487

  input archivelogthread=1sequence=55 recid=15 stamp=750093621

  input archivelogthread=1sequence=56 recid=16 stamp=750094799

  input archivelogthread=1sequence=57 recid=17 stamp=750095198

  input archivelogthread=1sequence=58 recid=18 stamp=750099671

  input archivelogthread=1sequence=59 recid=19 stamp=750099848

  input archivelogthread=1sequence=60 recid=20 stamp=750099945

  input archivelogthread=1sequence=61 recid=21 stamp=750103678

  channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1at02-MAY-11

  channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1at02-MAY-11

  piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ODBP/backupset/2011_05_02/           --归档日志放在了

     o1_mf_annnn_TAG20110502T180758_6vx0mzl2_.bkp tag=TAG20110502T180758 comment=NONE

  channel ORA_DISK_1: backupsetcomplete, elapsed time: 00:00:02

  Finished backupat02-MAY-11

 

  Starting backupat02-MAY-11

  using channel ORA_DISK_1

  channel ORA_DISK_1: starting fulldatafile backupset

  channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset

  input datafile fno=00001name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/odbp/system01.dbf

  input datafile fno=00002name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/odbp/undotbs01.dbf

  input datafile fno=00003name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/odbp/sysaux01.dbf

  input datafile fno=00004name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/odbp/users01.dbf

  channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1at02-MAY-11

  channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1at02-MAY-11

  piece handle=/u01/bk/bk_db_1dmbbb40_1_1 tag=TAG20110502T180800 comment=NONE         --据文件存放在了指定的路

  channel ORA_DISK_1: backupsetcomplete, elapsed time: 00:00:45

  channel ORA_DISK_1: starting fulldatafile backupset

  channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset

  input datafile fno=00001name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/odbp/system01.dbf

  input datafile fno=00002name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/odbp/undotbs01.dbf

  input datafile fno=00003name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/odbp/sysaux01.dbf

  input datafile fno=00004name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/odbp/users01.dbf

  channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1at02-MAY-11

  channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1at02-MAY-11

  piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ODBP/backupset/2011_05_02/         --据文件同也存放在了

     o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20110502T180800_6vx0og2z_.bkp tag=TAG20110502T180800 comment=NONE

  channel ORA_DISK_1: backupsetcomplete, elapsed time: 00:00:45

  channel ORA_DISK_1: starting fulldatafile backupset

  channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset

  includingcurrent control filein backupset

  includingcurrentSPFILEin backupset

  channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1at02-MAY-11

  channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1at02-MAY-11

  piece handle=/u01/bk/bk_db_1fmbbb6r_1_1 tag=TAG20110502T180800 comment=NONE        --控制文件和spfile存放到了指定路

  channel ORA_DISK_1: backupsetcomplete, elapsed time: 00:00:02

  channel ORA_DISK_1: starting fulldatafile backupset

  channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset

  includingcurrent control filein backupset

  includingcurrentSPFILEin backupset

  channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1at02-MAY-11

  channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1at02-MAY-11

  piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ODBP/backupset/2011_05_02/        --控制文件和spfile也保存到了

     o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20110502T180800_6vx0pycl_.bkp tag=TAG20110502T180800 comment=NONE

  channel ORA_DISK_1: backupsetcomplete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

  Finished backupat02-MAY-11

 

  Starting backupat02-MAY-11

  currentlog archived

  using channel ORA_DISK_1

  channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archivelog backupset

  channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archivelog(s) inbackupset

  input archivelogthread=1sequence=62 recid=22 stamp=750103776

  channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1at02-MAY-11

  channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1at02-MAY-11

  piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ODBP/backupset/2011_05_02/       --归档日志放在了

    o1_mf_annnn_TAG20110502T180936_6vx0q1dg_.bkp tag=TAG20110502T180936 comment=NONE

  channel ORA_DISK_1: backupsetcomplete, elapsed time: 00:00:02

  Finished backupat02-MAY-11

 

--备份据文件、控制文件等信息

  [oracle@odbp 2011_05_02]$ ls -hltr

  total 703M

  -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 4.5M May  2 18:08 o1_mf_annnn_TAG20110502T180758_6vx0mzl2_.bkp

  -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 691M May  2 18:09 o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20110502T180800_6vx0og2z_.bkp

  -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 6.9M May  2 18:09 o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20110502T180800_6vx0pycl_.bkp

  -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  15K May  2 18:09 o1_mf_annnn_TAG20110502T180936_6vx0q1dg_.bkp

  [oracle@odbp 2011_05_02]$ ls -hltr /u01/bk

  total 698M

  -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 691M May  2 18:08 bk_db_1dmbbb40_1_1

  -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 6.9M May  2 18:09 bk_db_1fmbbb6r_1_1

 

上面的情况来看,

  1.指定了db_recovery_file_dest参数为 /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area则归档日志被备份到此目

  2.参数db_recovery_file_dest参数为闪区时则数据文件控制文件及spfile被使用了备份                                                

 

 

--RMAN配置信息缺省,未做任何

  RMAN> showall;

 

  RMAN configuration parameters are:

  CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TOREDUNDANCY1; # default

  CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default

  CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPETODISK; # default

  CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP OFF; # default

  CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPEDISKTO'%F'; # default

  CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPEDISK PARALLELISM 1BACKUPTYPETO BACKUPSET; # default

  CONFIGURE DATAFILEBACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPEDISKTO1; # default

  CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOGBACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPEDISKTO1; # default

  CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TOUNLIMITED; # default

  CONFIGURE ENCRYPTIONFORDATABASEOFF; # default

  CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default

  CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TONONE; # default

  CONFIGURE SNAPSHOTCONTROLFILENAMETO'/u01/app/oracle/10g/dbs/snapcf_odbp.f'; # default

 

--db_recovery_file_dest参数置空

  SQL> altersystemset db_recovery_file_dest='';  

 

  System altered.

 

二、再次使用RMAN备份

  RMAN> backupdatabase format '/u01/bk/bk_db_%U' plus archivelog;

 

  Starting backupat02-MAY-11

  currentlog archived

  using target database control fileinsteadofrecovery catalog

  allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

  channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=138 devtype=DISK

  channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archivelog backupset

  channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archivelog(s) inbackupset

  input archivelogthread=1sequence=50 recid=10 stamp=750091269

  input archivelogthread=1sequence=51 recid=11 stamp=750091281

  input archivelogthread=1sequence=52 recid=12 stamp=750091286

  input archivelogthread=1sequence=53 recid=13 stamp=750092325

  input archivelogthread=1sequence=54 recid=14 stamp=750092487

  input archivelogthread=1sequence=55 recid=15 stamp=750093621

  input archivelogthread=1sequence=56 recid=16 stamp=750094799

  input archivelogthread=1sequence=57 recid=17 stamp=750095198

  input archivelogthread=1sequence=58 recid=18 stamp=750099671

  input archivelogthread=1sequence=59 recid=19 stamp=750099848

  input archivelogthread=1sequence=60 recid=20 stamp=750099945

  input archivelogthread=1sequence=61 recid=21 stamp=750103678

  input archivelogthread=1sequence=62 recid=22 stamp=750103776

  input archivelogthread=1sequence=63 recid=23 stamp=750104981

  channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1at02-MAY-11

  channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1at02-MAY-11

  piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/10g/dbs/1imbbccm_1_1 tag=TAG20110502T182942 comment=NONE--归档日志备份位于$ORACLE_HOME/dbs

  channel ORA_DISK_1: backupsetcomplete, elapsed time: 00:00:02

  Finished backupat02-MAY-11

 

  Starting backupat02-MAY-11

  using channel ORA_DISK_1

  channel ORA_DISK_1: starting fulldatafile backupset

  channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset

  input datafile fno=00001name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/odbp/system01.dbf

  input datafile fno=00002name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/odbp/undotbs01.dbf

  input datafile fno=00003name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/odbp/sysaux01.dbf

  input datafile fno=00004name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/odbp/users01.dbf

  channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1at02-MAY-11

  channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1at02-MAY-11

  piece handle=/u01/bk/bk_db_1jmbbcco_1_1 tag=TAG20110502T182944 comment=NONE             --据文件存放在了指定的路

  channel ORA_DISK_1: backupsetcomplete, elapsed time: 00:00:55

  channel ORA_DISK_1: starting fulldatafile backupset

  channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset

  input datafile fno=00001name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/odbp/system01.dbf

  input datafile fno=00002name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/odbp/undotbs01.dbf

  input datafile fno=00003name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/odbp/sysaux01.dbf

  input datafile fno=00004name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/odbp/users01.dbf

  channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1at02-MAY-11

  channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1at02-MAY-11

  piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/10g/dbs/1kmbbceg_1_1 tag=TAG20110502T182944 comment=NONE--据文件同也存放在$ORACLE_HOME/dbs

  channel ORA_DISK_1: backupsetcomplete, elapsed time: 00:00:55

  channel ORA_DISK_1: starting fulldatafile backupset

  channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset

  includingcurrent control filein backupset

  includingcurrentSPFILEin backupset

  channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1at02-MAY-11

  channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1at02-MAY-11

  piece handle=/u01/bk/bk_db_1lmbbcg7_1_1 tag=TAG20110502T182944 comment=NONE             --控制文件及spfile备份位于指定路

  channel ORA_DISK_1: backupsetcomplete, elapsed time: 00:00:05

  channel ORA_DISK_1: starting fulldatafile backupset

  channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset

  includingcurrent control filein backupset

  includingcurrentSPFILEin backupset

  channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1at02-MAY-11

  channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1at02-MAY-11

  piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/10g/dbs/1mmbbcgc_1_1 tag=TAG20110502T182944 comment=NONE--归档日志文件备份位于$ORACLE_HOME/dbs

  channel ORA_DISK_1: backupsetcomplete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

  Finished backupat02-MAY-11

 

  Starting backupat02-MAY-11

  currentlog archived

  using channel ORA_DISK_1

  channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archivelog backupset

  channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archivelog(s) inbackupset

  input archivelogthread=1sequence=64 recid=24 stamp=750105102

  channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1at02-MAY-11

  channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1at02-MAY-11                         --控制文件及spfile也存放在$ORACLE_HOME/dbs

  piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/10g/dbs/1nmbbcge_1_1 tag=TAG20110502T183142 comment=NONE

  channel ORA_DISK_1: backupsetcomplete, elapsed time: 00:00:02

  Finished backupat02-MAY-11

 

上面的况来看,

  1.db_recovery_file_dest参数为值时则归档日志,控制文件及spfile备份$ORACLE_HOME/dbs

  2.据文件及控制文件同样实现备份,一位于$ORACLE_HOME/dbs下,一位于用指定路

 

三、如何将归档日志文件,控制文件,spfile文件以及据文件备份到同一路下,

 

  RMAN> run{

  2> allocate channel ch1 device typedisk;

  3> allocate channel ch2 device typedisk;

  4> backupdatabase format '/u01/bk/bk_db_%U'

  5> plus archivelog format '/u01/bk/bk_lg_%U';

  6> release channel ch1;

  7> release channel ch2;}

 

  using target database control fileinsteadofrecovery catalog

  allocated channel: ch1

  channel ch1: sid=141 devtype=DISK

 

  allocated channel: ch2

  channel ch2: sid=148 devtype=DISK

 

  Starting backupat02-MAY-11

  currentlog archived

  channel ch1: starting archivelog backupset

  channel ch1: specifying archivelog(s) inbackupset

  input archivelogthread=1sequence=59 recid=19 stamp=750099848

  input archivelogthread=1sequence=60 recid=20 stamp=750099945

  input archivelogthread=1sequence=61 recid=21 stamp=750103678

  input archivelogthread=1sequence=62 recid=22 stamp=750103776

  input archivelogthread=1sequence=63 recid=23 stamp=750104981

  input archivelogthread=1sequence=64 recid=24 stamp=750105102

  input archivelogthread=1sequence=65 recid=25 stamp=750767326

  input archivelogthread=1sequence=66 recid=26 stamp=750769794

  channel ch1: starting piece 1at02-MAY-11

  channel ch2: starting archivelog backupset

  channel ch2: specifying archivelog(s) inbackupset

  input archivelogthread=1sequence=50 recid=10 stamp=750091269

  input archivelogthread=1sequence=51 recid=11 stamp=750091281

  input archivelogthread=1sequence=52 recid=12 stamp=750091286

  input archivelogthread=1sequence=53 recid=13 stamp=750092325

  input archivelogthread=1sequence=54 recid=14 stamp=750092487

  input archivelogthread=1sequence=55 recid=15 stamp=750093621

  input archivelogthread=1sequence=56 recid=16 stamp=750094799

  input archivelogthread=1sequence=57 recid=17 stamp=750095198

  input archivelogthread=1sequence=58 recid=18 stamp=750099671

  channel ch2: starting piece 1at02-MAY-11

  channel ch1: finished piece 1at02-MAY-11

  piece handle=/u01/bk/bk_lg_1ombvlk3_1_1 tag=TAG20110510T110954 comment=NONE     --归档日志存放到指定路

  channel ch1: backupsetcomplete, elapsed time: 00:00:03

  channel ch2: finished piece 1at02-MAY-11

  piece handle=/u01/bk/bk_lg_1pmbvlk3_1_1 tag=TAG20110510T110954 comment=NONE     --归档日志存放到指定路

  channel ch2: backupsetcomplete, elapsed time: 00:00:03

  Finished backupat02-MAY-11

 

  Starting backupat02-MAY-11

  channel ch1: starting fulldatafile backupset

  channel ch1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset

  input datafile fno=00001name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/odbp/system01.dbf

  input datafile fno=00003name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/odbp/sysaux01.dbf

  channel ch1: starting piece 1at02-MAY-11

  channel ch2: starting fulldatafile backupset

  channel ch2: specifying datafile(s) in backupset

  input datafile fno=00002name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/odbp/undotbs01.dbf

  input datafile fno=00004name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/odbp/users01.dbf

  channel ch2: starting piece 1at02-MAY-11

  channel ch2: finished piece 1at02-MAY-11

  piece handle=/u01/bk/bk_db_1rmbvlk7_1_1 tag=TAG20110510T110958 comment=NONE     --据文件存放到指定路

  channel ch2: backupsetcomplete, elapsed time: 00:01:09

  channel ch2: starting fulldatafile backupset

  channel ch2: specifying datafile(s) in backupset

  includingcurrent control filein backupset

  channel ch2: starting piece 1at02-MAY-11

  channel ch2: finished piece 1at02-MAY-11

  piece handle=/u01/bk/bk_db_1smbvlmd_1_1 tag=TAG20110510T110958 comment=NONE     --据文件存放到指定路

  channel ch2: backupsetcomplete, elapsed time: 00:00:07

  channel ch2: starting fulldatafile backupset

  channel ch2: specifying datafile(s) in backupset

  includingcurrentSPFILEin backupset

  channel ch2: starting piece 1at02-MAY-11

  channel ch2: finished piece 1at02-MAY-11

  piece handle=/u01/bk/bk_db_1tmbvlml_1_1 tag=TAG20110510T110958 comment=NONE    --控制文件,spfile文件存放到指定路

  channel ch2: backupsetcomplete, elapsed time: 00:00:08

  channel ch1: finished piece 1at02-MAY-11

  piece handle=/u01/bk/bk_db_1qmbvlk7_1_1 tag=TAG20110510T110958 comment=NONE

  channel ch1: backupsetcomplete, elapsed time: 00:01:31

  Finished backupat02-MAY-11

 

  Starting backupat02-MAY-11

  currentlog archived

  channel ch1: starting archivelog backupset

  channel ch1: specifying archivelog(s) inbackupset

  input archivelogthread=1sequence=67 recid=27 stamp=750769890

  channel ch1: starting piece 1at02-MAY-11

  channel ch1: finished piece 1at02-MAY-11

  piece handle=/u01/bk/bk_lg_1umbvln2_1_1 tag=TAG20110510T111130 comment=NONE

  channel ch1: backupsetcomplete, elapsed time: 00:00:02

  Finished backupat02-MAY-11

 

  released channel: ch1

 

  released channel: ch2

 

四、总结RMAN备份

  1.在未通configure命令RMAN备份文件路以及未修改db_recovery_file_dest,且指定了format参数则备份据文件,参数文件,

    控制文件,采用了重保方式,一位于指定路,一位于缺省的。同时归档日志保存在

  2.一旦修改了db_recovery_file_dest至特定路同上述功能一,所不同的是存放到非缺省的

  3.db_recovery_file_dest值时,同使用重保,但些文件被放置到了$ORACLE_HOME/dbs下。

  4.使用了configure channel device typedisk format = '/u01/bk/db_%U'配置RMAN则对badkup database plus archivelog样会

    述的情

  5.如果指定了configure channel device typedisk format = '/u01/bk/db_%U'则单独备份数据文件和日志文件不存在问题,都存放在指定路

  6.在同一命令完成(badkup database plus archivelog)需要单独指定据文件和日志文件的位置,如下方式:

    backupdatabase format '/u01/bk/bk_db_%U'

      plus archivelog format '/u01/bk/bk_lg_%U'

五、更多参考

 

有关性能优化请参考

Oracle 硬解析与软解析

共享池的调整与优化(Shared pool Tuning)

Buffer cache 的调整与优化(一)

Oracle 表缓存(caching table)的使用

 

有关闪回特性请参考

Oracle 闪回特性(FLASHBACK DATABASE)

Oracle 闪回特性(FLASHBACK DROP & RECYCLEBIN)

Oracle 闪回特性(Flashback Query、Flashback Table)

Oracle 闪回特性(Flashback Version、Flashback Transaction)

 

有关基于用户管理的备份和备份恢复的概念请参考

Oracle 冷备份

Oracle 热备份

Oracle 备份恢复概念

Oracle 实例恢复

Oracle 基于用户管理恢复的处理(详细描述了介质恢复及其处理)

 

有关RMAN的恢复与管理请参考

RMAN 概述及其体系结构

RMAN 配置、监控与管理

RMAN 备份详解

RMAN 还原与恢复

 

 

 

 

评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值