第四周—项目3 - 单链表应用（1）逆置

问题及代码：（利用上一个项目所建设的算法库）

1、设计一个算法，将一个带头结点的数据域依次为a1，a2，…，an（n≥3）的单链表的所有结点逆置，即第一个结点的数据域变为an，…，最后一个结点的数据域为a1。实现这个算法，并完成测试。 

<ol start="1" class="dp-cpp" style="padding: 0px; border: none; color: rgb(92, 92, 92); font-family: Consolas, 'Courier New', Courier, mono, serif; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1px 45px !important;"><li class="alt" style="border-style: none none none solid; border-left-width: 3px; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside; color: inherit; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 3px 0px 10px !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; color: black; background-color: inherit;"><span class="comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; color: rgb(0, 130, 0); background-color: inherit;">/* </span> </span></li><li style="border-style: none none none solid; border-left-width: 3px; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 3px 0px 10px !important; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; color: black; background-color: inherit;"><span class="comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; color: rgb(0, 130, 0); background-color: inherit;"> *Copyright(c)2015,烟台大学计算机与控制工程学院 </span> </span></li><li class="alt" style="border-style: none none none solid; border-left-width: 3px; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside; color: inherit; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 3px 0px 10px !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; color: black; background-color: inherit;"><span class="comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; color: rgb(0, 130, 0); background-color: inherit;"> *All right reserved. </span> </span></li><li style="border-style: none none none solid; border-left-width: 3px; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 3px 0px 10px !important; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; color: black; background-color: inherit;"><span class="comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; color: rgb(0, 130, 0); background-color: inherit;"> *文件名称：main.cpp </span> </span></li><li class="alt" style="border-style: none none none solid; border-left-width: 3px; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside; color: inherit; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 3px 0px 10px !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; color: black; background-color: inherit;"><span class="comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; color: rgb(0, 130, 0); background-color: inherit;"> *作者：程昂 </span> </span></li><li style="border-style: none none none solid; border-left-width: 3px; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 3px 0px 10px !important; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; color: black; background-color: inherit;"><span class="comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; color: rgb(0, 130, 0); background-color: inherit;"> *完成日期；2015年9月21日 </span> </span></li><li class="alt" style="border-style: none none none solid; border-left-width: 3px; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside; color: inherit; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 3px 0px 10px !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; color: black; background-color: inherit;"><span class="comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; color: rgb(0, 130, 0); background-color: inherit;"> *版本号；v1.0 </span> </span></li><li style="border-style: none none none solid; border-left-width: 3px; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 3px 0px 10px !important; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; color: black; background-color: inherit;"><span class="comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; color: rgb(0, 130, 0); background-color: inherit;"> * </span> </span></li><li class="alt" style="border-style: none none none solid; border-left-width: 3px; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside; color: inherit; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 3px 0px 10px !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; color: black; background-color: inherit;"><span class="comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; color: rgb(0, 130, 0); background-color: inherit;"> *问题描述：<span style="color: rgb(85, 85, 85); font-family: 'microsoft yahei'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 35px;">1、设计一个算法，将一个带头结点的数据域依次为a1，a2，…，an（n≥3）的单链表的所有结点逆置，即第一个结点的数据域变为an，…，最后一个结点的数据域为a1。实现这个算法，并完成测试。 </span></span> </span></li><li style="border-style: none none none solid; border-left-width: 3px; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 3px 0px 10px !important; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; color: black; background-color: inherit;"><span class="comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; color: rgb(0, 130, 0); background-color: inherit;"> *程序输出：无 </span> </span></li><li style="border-style: none none none solid; border-left-width: 3px; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 3px 0px 10px !important; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248);"><span class="comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; color: rgb(0, 130, 0); background-color: inherit;">*/</span><span style="color: black; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; background-color: inherit;">    </span></li></ol>

#include <stdio.h>
#include <malloc.h>
#include "linklist.h"
void Reverse(LinkList *&L)
{
    LinkList *p=L->next,*q;
    L->next=NULL;
    while (p!=NULL)     //扫描所有的结点
    {
        q=p->next;      //让q指向*p结点的下一个结点
        p->next=L->next;    //总是将*p结点作为第一个数据结点
        L->next=p;
        p=q;            //让p指向下一个结点
    }
}

int main()
{
    LinkList *L;
    ElemType a[]= {1,3,5,7, 2,4,8,10};
    CreateListR(L,a,8);
    printf("L:");
    DispList(L);
    Reverse(L);
    printf("逆置后L： ");
    DispList(L);
    DestroyList(L);
    return 0;
}

输出及结果：

分析：

通过利用算法库，以及 void Reverse(LinkList *&L)函数，实现节点数据域的逆置。通过新建一个指针*q，让*q指向p后面的节点，并以此为新的头结点，依次进行下去