K8s+dashboard安装部署

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-15 11:08:07 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-05-15 11:08:07 发布

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文章标签： k8s kubernetes

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/luhost/article/details/99191469

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系统安装
使用虚拟机安装两个centos系统，在/etc/hosts里增加两行
192.168.140.128 kuber-master
192.168.140.129 kuber-node1

关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld & systemctl disable firewalld

关闭selinux
sed -i ‘s/enforcing/disabled/’ /etc/selinux/config
setenforce 0

关闭swap
swapoff -a #临时关闭
vim /etc/fstab #注释掉swap即可永久关闭

配置阿里云yum源、配置docker仓库、配置K8S的yum源

cat <<EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo
 
[kubernetes]
 
name=Kubernetes
 
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
 
enabled=1
 
gpgcheck=1
 
repo_gpgcheck=1
 
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg
 
        http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
 
EOF

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
yum makecache

安装docker
yum install -y --setopt=obsoletes=0 docker-ce
运行docker --version,可以看到安装
[root@kuber-master ~]# docker --version
Docker version 19.03.1, build 74b1e89
启动Docker服务并激活开机启动：systemctl start docker & systemctl enable docker

安装k8s的组件
yum install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl --disableexcludes=kubernetes
启动kubelet并设置kubelet开机自启
systemctl enable kubelet&& systemctl start kubelet
运行下面的命令可以查看初始化kubernets需要的docker镜像
kubeadm config images list

[root@kuber-master ~]# kubeadm config images list
W0811 01:47:06.624865  116757 version.go:98] could not fetch a Kubernetes version from the internet: unable to get URL "https://dl.k8s.io/release/stable-1.txt": Get https://dl.k8s.io/release/stable-1.txt: net/http: request canceled while waiting for connection (Client.Timeout exceeded while awaiting headers)
W0811 01:47:06.625033  116757 version.go:99] falling back to the local client version: v1.15.2
k8s.gcr.io/kube-apiserver:v1.15.2
k8s.gcr.io/kube-controller-manager:v1.15.2
k8s.gcr.io/kube-scheduler:v1.15.2
k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy:v1.15.2
k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.1
k8s.gcr.io/etcd:3.3.10
k8s.gcr.io/coredns:1.3.1

这些镜像都要pull到docker里面去

下载k8s需要的镜像
创建/etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf文件，添加如下内容：
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1

执行下命令使修改生效
modprobe br_netfilter
sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf

修改docker镜像加速地址

vim /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
  "exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"],
  "log-driver": "json-file",
  "log-opts": {
    "max-size": "100m"
  },
  "storage-driver": "overlay2",
  "storage-opts": [
    "overlay2.override_kernel_check=true"
  ],
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://dnh4r4lu.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}

【1】：阿里云docker仓库 https://dev.aliyun.com/search.html
【2】：进去注册帐号后，点击自己的管理中心。
【3】：在管理中心点击加速器，右边面板会有你的加速地址，右边面板下面有详细设置步骤。

并重启docker生效
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart docker.service

在线下载镜像文件

MY_REGISTRY=registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/openthings

 #基本组件
docker pull ${MY_REGISTRY}/k8s-gcr-io-kube-apiserver:v1.15.2
docker pull ${MY_REGISTRY}/k8s-gcr-io-kube-controller-manager:v1.15.2
docker pull ${MY_REGISTRY}/k8s-gcr-io-kube-scheduler:v1.15.2
docker pull ${MY_REGISTRY}/k8s-gcr-io-kube-proxy:v1.15.2
docker pull ${MY_REGISTRY}/k8s-gcr-io-etcd:3.3.10
docker pull ${MY_REGISTRY}/k8s-gcr-io-pause:3.1
docker pull ${MY_REGISTRY}/k8s-gcr-io-coredns:1.3.1

# 修改tag
docker tag ${MY_REGISTRY}/k8s-gcr-io-kube-apiserver:v1.15.2 k8s.gcr.io/kube-apiserver:v1.15.2
docker tag ${MY_REGISTRY}/k8s-gcr-io-kube-scheduler:v1.15.2 k8s.gcr.io/kube-scheduler:v1.15.2
docker tag ${MY_REGISTRY}/k8s-gcr-io-kube-controller-manager:v1.15.2 k8s.gcr.io/kube-controller-manager:v1.15.2
docker tag ${MY_REGISTRY}/k8s-gcr-io-kube-proxy:v1.15.2 k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy:v1.15.2
docker tag ${MY_REGISTRY}/k8s-gcr-io-etcd:3.3.10 k8s.gcr.io/etcd:3.3.10
docker tag ${MY_REGISTRY}/k8s-gcr-io-pause:3.1 k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.1
docker tag ${MY_REGISTRY}/k8s-gcr-io-coredns:1.3.1 k8s.gcr.io/coredns:1.3.1

## 删除镜像
docker rmi ${MY_REGISTRY}/k8s-gcr-io-kube-apiserver:v1.15.2
docker rmi ${MY_REGISTRY}/k8s-gcr-io-kube-controller-manager:v1.15.2
docker rmi ${MY_REGISTRY}/k8s-gcr-io-kube-scheduler:v1.15.2
docker rmi ${MY_REGISTRY}/k8s-gcr-io-kube-proxy:v1.15.2
docker rmi ${MY_REGISTRY}/k8s-gcr-io-etcd:3.3.10
docker rmi ${MY_REGISTRY}/k8s-gcr-io-pause:3.1
docker rmi ${MY_REGISTRY}/k8s-gcr-io-coredns:1.3.1

=以上这些操作在两个节点上都需要执行========

在master节点上初始化kubernetes
运行安装命令
kubeadm init --kubernetes-version=v1.15.2 --apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.140.128 --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16

为kubectl准备Kubeconfig文件

mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
chown root.root /root/.kube/config

安装配置flannel网络
为了使 flannel 正常工作，你必须将选项 --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 传递给 kubeadm init。

通过执行 sysctl net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables=1 命令，将 /proc/sys/net/bridge/bridge-nf-call-iptables 设置为 1 以便将桥接的 IPv4 流量传递给 iptables 的链。这是一些 CNI 插件工作的要求，有关详细信息，请参阅此处。

注意 flannel 可以运行在 amd64、arm、arm64、ppc64le架构的机器上。

kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/bc79dd1505b0c8681ece4de4c0d86c5cd2643275/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml

也可以使用如下文件，把kube-flannel.yml上传到master，在master上执行
kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml

在node节点上加入集群
kubeadm join 192.168.140.128:6443 --token 5vwsgc.v1trlo6i3nbexktf
–discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:ecc6c9911b42ebe9c04a9a5a4555f1d737ef5e3a9039fb6eab3f56bb45545c4a

查看节点运行状态

[root@kuber-master ~]# kubectl get node
NAME           STATUS   ROLES    AGE   VERSION
kuber-master   Ready    master   45m   v1.15.2
kuber-node1    Ready    <none>   43m   v1.15.2
[root@kuber-master ~]# kubectl get pods -n kube-system -o wide
NAME                                    READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE   IP                NODE           NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES
coredns-5c98db65d4-z4p5b                1/1     Running   0          44m   10.244.0.2        kuber-master   <none>           <none>
coredns-5c98db65d4-zlzkd                1/1     Running   0          44m   10.244.0.3        kuber-master   <none>           <none>
etcd-kuber-master                       1/1     Running   0          43m   192.168.140.128   kuber-master   <none>           <none>
kube-apiserver-kuber-master             1/1     Running   0          43m   192.168.140.128   kuber-master   <none>           <none>
kube-controller-manager-kuber-master    1/1     Running   1          43m   192.168.140.128   kuber-master   <none>           <none>
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-7qfxf             1/1     Running   0          43m   192.168.140.128   kuber-master   <none>           <none>
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-xnl69             1/1     Running   0          43m   192.168.140.129   kuber-node1    <none>           <none>
kube-proxy-p6gvx                        1/1     Running   0          43m   192.168.140.129   kuber-node1    <none>           <none>
kube-proxy-xgdxj                        1/1     Running   0          44m   192.168.140.128   kuber-master   <none>           <none>
kube-scheduler-kuber-master             1/1     Running   1          43m   192.168.140.128   kuber-master   <none>           <none>
kubernetes-dashboard-7d75c474bb-9xt67   1/1     Running   0          41m   10.244.1.3        kuber-node1    <none>           <none>

kubernetes dashboard安装
下载 Dashboard yaml 文件
wget http://pencil-file.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/blog/kubernetes-dashboard.yaml

打开下载的文件添加一项：type: NodePort，暴露出去 Dashboard 端口，方便外部访问。

......
# ------------------- Dashboard Service ------------------- #

kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system
spec:
  type: NodePort    # 新增
  ports:
    - port: 443
      targetPort: 8443
  selector:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
......

在 yaml 文件 kubernetes-dashboard.yaml 中拉取了一个镜像 k8s.gcr.io/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.10.1，没有配置 docker 代理网络的可能拉取不下来，可以使用预先下载好的kubernetes-dashboard-amd64-1.10.1.tar文件，上传到master和node节点，执行docker load -i kubernetes-dashboard-amd64-1.10.1.tar
下载地址：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1MyL1fAus1WRV_lA6N0mT_w

还需要修改文件里面的镜像拉取方式如下

......
spec:
      containers:
      - name: kubernetes-dashboard
        image: k8s.gcr.io/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.10.1
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
......

也可以使用如下文件

部署
kubectl create -f kubernetes-dashboard.yaml

kubectl get pods --all-namespaces -o wide | grep dashboard
kube-system   kubernetes-dashboard-5f7b999d65-h96kl   1/1     Running   1          23h   10.244.0.7     k8s-master   <none>           <none>

创建简单用户
创建服务账号和集群角色绑定配置文件
创建 dashboard-adminuser.yaml 文件，加入以下内容：

vim dashboard-adminuser.yaml
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-admin
  namespace: kube-system

---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-admin
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: cluster-admin
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-admin
  namespace: kube-system

创建用户和角色绑定
kubectl apply -f dashboard-adminuser.yaml

查看Token

kubectl -n kube-system describe secret $(kubectl -n kube-system get secret | grep kubernetes-dashboard-admin-token | awk '{print $1}')
Name:         kubernetes-dashboard-admin-token-2mvzg
Namespace:    kube-system
Labels:       <none>
Annotations:  kubernetes.io/service-account.name: kubernetes-dashboard-admin
              kubernetes.io/service-account.uid: c8f781f7-3a0b-44b2-ae27-aa4810781242

Type:  kubernetes.io/service-account-token

Data
====
ca.crt:     1025 bytes
namespace:  11 bytes
token:      eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6IiJ9.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.Cr0Ry6B3nOvGI4YqrWR7L7Fl8znGH2XfNiGKAX7v2jSGti4fWLLzM1HWXuRvOp1h6sU01u1Jy8YQCdNsmqii0buLHuuNOWKnPk15lZ03K58uJevuaYNG35NbLreoi9EF0Ec7PkYgHAMdlygtPZhmT4MRE1pe8RtrfOBjvKQfy3Db81y6DN3BEet8LLCpXCXuL7ZQoJQYhsQc0ypdXRRFaZ8yzt9YsZwFrA7vUlTJO55hou4825HbTYnkrjTJme_BnvJk-G3eZ1cUryZb1ADwvPr5ij-_6RqxcOIwITF3dyCiS4s078Nn97TMvjBwwS_17Yo4ZOInUBHgbfv4P3DlAg

登录 Dashboard
查看 Dashboard 端口号

kubectl get svc -n kube-system
NAME                   TYPE        CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)                  AGE
kube-dns               ClusterIP   10.96.0.10      <none>        53/UDP,53/TCP,9153/TCP   73m
kubernetes-dashboard   NodePort    10.96.243.241   <none>        443:30391/TCP            70m

访问 Dashboard
https://192.168.140.128:30391/#!/login
登录界面
选择令牌，并输入上文中保留的 token 即可登录

注意事项
Dashboard需要master和node直接网络通讯正常才能使用，需要coredns、kube-flannel-ds保持running状态才能正常运行，如果dashboard无法访问，需要先查看这些pod是否正常。

kubectl get pods -n kube-system -o wide
NAME                                    READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE   IP                NODE           NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES
coredns-5c98db65d4-z4p5b                1/1     Running   0          44m   10.244.0.2        kuber-master   <none>           <none>
coredns-5c98db65d4-zlzkd                1/1     Running   0          44m   10.244.0.3        kuber-master   <none>           <none>
etcd-kuber-master                       1/1     Running   0          43m   192.168.140.128   kuber-master   <none>           <none>
kube-apiserver-kuber-master             1/1     Running   0          43m   192.168.140.128   kuber-master   <none>           <none>
kube-controller-manager-kuber-master    1/1     Running   1          43m   192.168.140.128   kuber-master   <none>           <none>
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-7qfxf             1/1     Running   0          43m   192.168.140.128   kuber-master   <none>           <none>
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-xnl69             1/1     Running   0          43m   192.168.140.129   kuber-node1    <none>           <none>
kube-proxy-p6gvx                        1/1     Running   0          43m   192.168.140.129   kuber-node1    <none>           <none>
kube-proxy-xgdxj                        1/1     Running   0          44m   192.168.140.128   kuber-master   <none>           <none>
kube-scheduler-kuber-master             1/1     Running   1          43m   192.168.140.128   kuber-master   <none>           <none>
kubernetes-dashboard-7d75c474bb-9xt67   1/1     Running   0          41m   10.244.1.3        kuber-node1    <none>           <none>

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K8s+dashboard安装部署

系统安装使用虚拟机安装两个centos系统，在/etc/hosts里增加两行192.168.140.128 kuber-master192.168.140.129 kuber-node1关闭防火墙systemctl stop firewalld & systemctl disable firewalld关闭selinuxsed -i ‘s/enforcing/disabled...
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