继续摘抄:POP / IMAP 服务器的构建（ Dovecot ）

　　POP / IMAP 是 MUA 从邮件服务器中读取邮件时使用的协议。其中，与 POP3 是从邮件服务器中下载邮件比起来，IMAP4 则是将邮件留在服务器端直接对邮件进行管理、操作。这里，我们用 Dovecot 来实现对 POP3 及 IMAP4 等协议支持的邮件接收服务器的搭建。

　　Dovecot 是一个比较新的软件，由 Timo Sirainen 开发，最初发布于 2002年7月。作者将安全性考虑在第一，所以 Dovecot 在安全性方面比较出众。另外，Dovecot 支持多种认证方式，所以在功能方面也比较符合一般的应用。


　　首先，安装 Dovecot 。

[ root@ sample ~ ] # yum -y install dovecot　 ← 在线安装 Dovecot Setting up Install Process Setting up repositories dag 100% | = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = | 1. 1 kB 00: 00 update 100% | = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = | 951 B 00: 00 base 100% | = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = | 1. 1 kB 00: 00 addons 100% | = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = | 951 B 00: 00 extras 100% | = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = | 1. 1 kB 00: 00 Reading repository metadata in from local files Parsing package install arguments Resolving Dependencies - - > Populating transaction set with selected packages. Please wait . - - - > Downloading header for dovecot to pack into transaction set. dovecot- 0. 99. 11- 4. EL4. i38 100% | = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = | 15 kB 00: 00 - - - > Package dovecot. i386 0: 0. 99. 11- 4. EL4 set to be updated - - > Running transaction check - - > Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient. so. 14( libmysqlclient_14) for package : dovecot - - > Processing Dependency: libpq. so. 3 for package : dovecot - - > Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient. so. 14 for package : dovecot - - > Restarting Dependency Resolution with new changes. - - > Populating transaction set with selected packages. Please wait . - - - > Downloading header for postgresql- libs to pack into transaction set. postgresql- libs- 7. 4. 13- 2. 100% | = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = | 11 kB 00: 00 - - - > Package postgresql- libs. i386 0: 7. 4. 13- 2. RHEL4. 1 set to be updated - - - > Downloading header for mysql to pack into transaction set. mysql- 4. 1. 20- 1. RHEL4. 1. i3 100% | = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = | 35 kB 00: 00 - - - > Package mysql. i386 0: 4. 1. 20- 1. RHEL4. 1 set to be updated - - > Running transaction check - - > Processing Dependency: perl( DBI) for package : mysql - - > Restarting Dependency Resolution with new changes. - - > Populating transaction set with selected packages. Please wait . - - - > Downloading header for perl- DBI to pack into transaction set. perl- DBI- 1. 40- 8. i386. rpm 100% | = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = | 11 kB 00: 00 - - - > Package perl- DBI. i386 0: 1. 40- 8 set to be updated - - > Running transaction check Dependencies Resolved = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = Package Arch Version Repository Size = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = Installing: dovecot i386 0. 99. 11- 4. EL4 base 612 k Installing for dependencies: mysql i386 4. 1. 20- 1. RHEL4. 1 base 2. 9 M perl- DBI i386 1. 40- 8 base 466 k postgresql- libs i386 7. 4. 13- 2. RHEL4. 1 base 146 k Transaction Summary = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = Install 4 Package ( s) Update 0 Package ( s) Remove 0 Package ( s) Total download size: 4. 1 M Downloading Packages: ( 1/ 4) : dovecot- 0. 99. 11- 4. 100% | = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = | 612 kB 00: 00 ( 2/ 4) : postgresql- libs- 7. 100% | = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = | 146 kB 00: 00 ( 3/ 4) : mysql- 4. 1. 20- 1. RHE 100% | = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = | 2. 9 MB 00: 02 ( 4/ 4) : perl- DBI- 1. 40- 8. i3 100% | = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = | 466 kB 00: 00 Running Transaction Test Finished Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction Installing: perl- DBI ######################### [1/4] Installing: mysql ######################### [2/4] Installing: postgresql- libs ######################### [3/4] Installing: dovecot ######################### [4/4] Installed: dovecot. i386 0: 0. 99. 11- 4. EL4 Dependency Installed: mysql. i386 0: 4. 1. 20- 1. RHEL4. 1 perl- DBI. i386 0: 1. 40- 8 postgresql- libs. i386 0: 7. 4. 13- 2. RHEL4. 1

 

　　然后，修改相应配置文件，配置 Dovecot 。

[ root@ sample ~ ] # vi /etc/dovecot.conf　 ← 编辑Dovecot 的配置文件 #protocols = imap imaps　 ← 找到这一行，将协议设置为imap与pop3 　↓ protocols = imap pop3　 ← 变为此状态 #default_mail_env =　 ← 找到这一行，定义邮件目录 　↓ default_mail_env = maildir: ~ / Maildir　 ← 定义邮件目录为用户目录下的Maildir目录

 

　　由于 POP3 协议与 IMAP4 协议要分别用到110号和143号端口，所以在启动服务前，配置防火墙，开通这两个端口。

[ root@ sample ~ ] # vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables　 ← 编辑防火墙规则 - A RH- Firewall- 1- INPUT - m state - - state NEW - m tcp - p tcp - - dport 25 - j ACCEPT　 ← 找到此行，接着添加如下两行： - A RH- Firewall- 1- INPUT - m state - - state NEW - m tcp - p tcp - - dport 110 - j ACCEPT　 ← 允许POP使用的110号端口 - A RH- Firewall- 1- INPUT - m state - - state NEW - m tcp - p tcp - - dport 143 - j ACCEPT　 ← 允许IMAP使用的143号端口 [ root@ sample ~ ] # /etc/rc.d/init.d/iptables restart　 ← 重新启动防火墙，使新的设置生效 Flushing firewall rules: 　　　　　　　　　 [ OK ] Setting chains to policy ACCEPT : filter　　 [ OK ] Unloading iptables modules: 　　　　　　 [ OK ] Applying iptables firewall rules: 　　　　　[ OK ]

　　最后，启动 Dovecot ，并将其设置为自启动。

[ root@ sample ~ ] # chkconfig dovecot on　 ← 设置Dovecot为自启动 [ root@ sample ~ ] # chkconfig --list dovecot dovecot 0: off 1: off 2: on 3: on 4: on 5: on 6: off　 ← 确认2~ 5为on的状态就OK [ root@ sample ~ ] # /etc/rc.d/init.d/dovecot start　 ← 启动Dovecot服务 Starting Dovecot Imap: 　　　　　　　[ OK ]

　　至此，配合Postfix，就可以通过E-mail客户端软件实现电子邮件的收发了。