Mysql 练习题及答案

原文：https://blog.csdn.net/dehu_zhou/article/details/52881587  

--1.学生表
Student(S,Sname,Sage,Ssex) --S 学生编号,Sname 学生姓名,Sage 出生年月,Ssex 学生性别
--2.课程表 
Course(C,Cname,T) --C --课程编号,Cname 课程名称,T 教师编号
--3.教师表 
Teacher(T,Tname) --T 教师编号,Tname 教师姓名
--4.成绩表 
SC(S,C,score) --S 学生编号,C 课程编号,score 分数

--创建测试数据
create table Student(
S varchar(10),
Sname varchar(10),
Sage datetime,
Ssex nvarchar(10)
) ;
 
insert into Student values('01' , '赵雷' , '1990-01-01' , '男');
insert into Student values('02' , '钱电' , '1990-12-21' , '男');
insert into Student values('03' , '孙风' , '1990-05-20' , '男');
insert into Student values('04' , '李云' , '1990-08-06' , '男');
insert into Student values('05' , '周梅' , '1991-12-01' , '女');
insert into Student values('06' , '吴兰' , '1992-03-01' , '女');
insert into Student values('07' , '郑竹' , '1989-07-01' , '女');
insert into Student values('08' , '王菊' , '1990-01-20' , '女');
 
create table SC(
S varchar(10),
C varchar(10),
score decimal(18,1)
);
 
insert into SC values('01' , '01' , 80);
insert into SC values('01' , '02' , 90);
insert into SC values('01' , '03' , 99);
insert into SC values('02' , '01' , 70);
insert into SC values('02' , '02' , 60);
insert into SC values('02' , '03' , 80);
insert into SC values('03' , '01' , 80);
insert into SC values('03' , '02' , 80);
insert into SC values('03' , '03' , 80);
insert into SC values('04' , '01' , 50);
insert into SC values('04' , '02' , 30);
insert into SC values('04' , '03' , 20);
insert into SC values('05' , '01' , 76);
insert into SC values('05' , '02' , 87);
insert into SC values('06' , '01' , 31);
insert into SC values('06' , '03' , 34);
insert into SC values('07' , '02' , 89);
insert into SC values('07' , '03' , 98);

create table Course(
C varchar(10),
Cname varchar(10),
T varchar(10)
);
 
insert into Course values('01' , '语文' , '02');
insert into Course values('02' , '数学' , '01');
insert into Course values('03' , '英语' , '03');
 
create table Teacher(
T varchar(10),
Tname varchar(10)
);
 
insert into Teacher values('01' , '张三');
insert into Teacher values('02' , '李四');
insert into Teacher values('03' , '王五');

--1、查询"01"课程比"02"课程成绩高的学生的信息及课程分数

SELECT a.*
,b.score AS '01分数'
,c.score AS '02分数'
FROM student a
INNER JOIN sc b
ON a.s=b.s AND b.c='01'
INNER JOIN sc c
ON a.s=c.s AND c.c='02'
WHERE b.score > c.score ;

--2、查询"01"课程比"02"课程成绩低的学生的信息及课程分数

SELECT a.*
,b.score AS '01分数'
,c.score AS '02分数'
FROM student a
INNER JOIN sc b
ON a.s=b.s AND b.c='01'
INNER JOIN sc c
ON a.s=c.s AND c.c='02'
WHERE c.score > b.score ;

--3、查询平均成绩大于等于60分的同学的学生编号和学生姓名和平均成绩

SELECT a.s
,a.sname
,AVG(b.score) AS avgnum
FROM student a
INNER JOIN sc b
ON a.s=b.s
GROUP BY a.s,a.sname
HAVING AVG(b.score)>60 ;

--4、查询平均成绩小于60分的同学的学生编号和学生姓名和平均成绩

SELECT a.s
,a.sname
,AVG(b.score) AS avgnum
FROM student a
INNER JOIN sc b
ON a.s=b.s
GROUP BY a.s,a.sname
HAVING AVG(b.score)<60 ;

--5、查询所有同学的学生编号、学生姓名、选课总数、所有课程的总成绩

--6、查询"李"姓老师的数量 

SELECT COUNT(1) FROM teacherWHERE tname LIKE '李%' ;

--7、查询学过"张三"老师授课的同学的信息 

SELECT a.*
FROM student a
INNER JOIN sc b
ON a.s=b.s
INNER JOIN course c
ON b.c=c.c
INNER JOIN teacher d
ON c.t=d.t
WHERE d.tname='张三'
GROUP BY 1,2,3,4 ;
 
--方法2
SELECT a.*
FROM student a
LEFT JOIN (
       SELECT a.*
       FROM student a
       INNER JOIN sc b
       ON a.s=b.s
       INNER JOIN course c
       ON b.c=c.c
       INNER JOIN teacher d
       ON c.t=d.t
       WHERE d.tname='张三'
       GROUP BY 1,2,3,4
)b
ON a.s=b.s
WHERE b.s IS NOT NULL ;

--8、查询没学过"张三"老师授课的同学的信息 

SELECT a.*
FROM student a
LEFT JOIN sc b
ON a.s=b.s
WHERE NOT EXISTS(
              SELECT *
              FROM course aa
              INNER JOIN teacher b
              ON aa.t=b.t
              INNER JOIN sc c
              ON aa.c=c.c
              WHERE b.tname='张三'
              AND c.s=a.s
       )
GROUP BY 1,2,3,4 ;

--9、查询学过编号为"01"并且也学过编号为"02"的课程的同学的信息

SELECT a.*
FROM student a
INNER JOIN sc b
ON a.s=b.s AND b.c='01'
INNER JOIN sc c
ON a.s=c.s AND c.c='02' ;

--10、查询学过编号为"01"但是没有学过编号为"02"的课程的同学的信息

select *
from student a
left join sc b
on a.s=b.s and b.c='01'
left join sc c
on a.s=c.s and c.c='02'
where b.c='01' and c.c is null ;

--11、查询没有学全所有课程的同学的信息 

SELECT a.*
FROM student a
LEFT JOIN sc b
ON a.s=b.s
LEFT JOIN (SELECT COUNT(1) anumFROM course) c
ON 1=1
GROUP BY 1,2,3,4
HAVING MAX(c.anum)>COUNT(b.c) ;

--12、查询至少有一门课与学号为"01"的同学所学相同的同学的信息 

SELECT a.*
FROM student a
INNER JOIN sc b
ON a.s=b.s
WHERE EXISTS(
    SELECT 1 FROM sc WHERE s='01' AND c=b.c
)
GROUP BY 1,2,3,4 ;

--13、查询和"01"号的同学学习的课程完全相同的其他同学的信息 

SELECT a.s,a.sname,a.sage,a.ssex
FROM (SELECT a.*,COUNT(b.c) ASsnum
       FROM student a
       INNER JOIN sc b
       ON a.s=b.s
       WHERE EXISTS(
           SELECT 1 FROM scWHERE s='01' AND c=b.c
       )
 
       GROUP BY 1,2,3,4)a
INNER JOIN (SELECTa.*,COUNT(b.c) AS anum
       FROM student a
       INNER JOIN sc b
       ON a.s=b.s
       GROUP BY 1,2,3,4)b
ON a.s=b.s
INNER JOIN (SELECT COUNT(1) ASnum1 FROM sc WHERE s='01')c
ON 1=1
WHERE a.snum=b.anum ANDa.snum=c.num1 ;
 
--方法二
 
SELECT a.*
       ,COUNT(b.c) AS anum
       ,SUM(CASE WHEN EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM sc WHERE s='01' AND c=b.c)THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS snum
       ,MAX(c.num1) AS num1
FROM student a
INNER JOIN sc b
ON a.s=b.s
INNER JOIN (SELECT COUNT(1) ASnum1 FROM sc WHERE s='01')c
ON 1=1
GROUP BY 1,2,3,4
HAVING anum=snum AND anum=num1 ;

--14、查询没学过"张三"老师讲授的任一门课程的学生姓名 

SELECT a.*
FROM student a
LEFT JOIN(
       SELECT a.s
       FROM student a
       LEFT JOIN sc b
       ON a.s=b.s
       LEFT JOIN course c
       ON b.c=c.c
       LEFT JOIN teacher d
       ON c.t=d.t AND d.tname='张三'
       WHERE d.t IS NOT NULL
       )b
ON a.s=b.s
WHERE b.s IS NULL ;

--15、查询两门及其以上不及格课程的同学的学号，姓名及其平均成绩 

SELECT a.s
       ,a.sname
       ,AVG(b.score)
FROM student a
INNER JOIN sc b
ON a.s=b.s
GROUP BY 1,2
HAVING SUM(CASE WHENb.score>=60 THEN 0 ELSE 1 END)>=2 ;

。。。