C#图像处理2

1.图像的复制、剪切和粘贴

Clipboard类由Object类派生而来，在应用程序中可以直接调用ClipBoard类，或者构建剪贴板实例来操作。

获取剪贴板的内容：IDataObject iData=System.WinForms.Clipboard.GetDataObject();

复制：setDataObject(str);           setDataObject(str,true);//表示应用程序退出后数据依然保留在剪贴板

粘贴：IDataObject iData=System.WinForms.Clipboard.GetDataObject();

          if(iData.GetDataPresent(DataFormats.Text)){…}

图像的复制：

        /// <summary>
        /// 图像的复制
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        void 复制图像ToolStripMenuItemClick(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
        	Clipboard.SetDataObject(pictureBox1.Image,true);
        }

图像的剪切：

 void ClipMenuClick(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
        	Clipboard.SetDataObject(pictureBox1.Image,true);
        	pictureBox1.Image=null;
        }

图像的粘贴：

void PasteMenuClick(object sender, EventArgs e)
      {
          IDataObject iData=Clipboard.GetDataObject();
          if (iData.GetDataPresent(DataFormats.Bitmap) ){
                  pictureBox1.Image=(Bitmap)iData.GetData(DataFormats.Bitmap);
          }
      }

图像平滑处理：    

 
 

  
  
         void SmoothMenuClick(object sender, EventArgs e)

  
  
  34:         {

  
  
  35:             Bitmap bmp=new Bitmap(pictureBox1.Image);

  
  
                   Bitmap newbmp=new Bitmap(pictureBox1.Image);

  
  
  37:             Color c=new Color();

  
  
  38:             Color NewC;

  
  
  39:             Byte r,g,b;

  
  
  40:             int r2,g2,b2;

  
  
  41:             

  
  
  42:             for (int i=1;i<bmp.Width-1 ;i++ )

  
  
  43:             {

  
  
  44:                 for (int j=1; j<bmp.Height-1; j++) {

  
  
  45:                     r2=0;g2=0;b2=0;

  
  
  46:                     for (int k1=-1; k1<=1; k1++) {

  
  
  47:                         for (int k2=-1; k2<=1; k2++) {

  
  
  48:                             c=bmp.GetPixel(i+k1,j+k2);

  
  
  49:                             r=c.R;

  
  
  50:                             g=c.G;

  
  
  51:                             b=c.B;

  
  
  52:                             

  
  
  53:                             r2=r2+r;

  
  
  54:                             g2=g2+g;

  
  
  55:                             b2=b2+b;

  
  
  56:                         }

  
  
  57:                     }

  
  
  58:                     

  
  
  59:                     r2=(Byte)(r2/9);

  
  
  60:                     g2=(Byte)(g2/9);

  
  
  61:                     b2=(Byte)(b2/9);

  
  
  62:                     NewC=Color.FromArgb(r2,g2,b2);

  
  
  63:                     newbmp.SetPixel(i,j,NewC);

  
  
  64:                 }

  
  
  65:             }

  
  
  66:             

  
  
  67:             // 刷新显示

  
  
  68:             pictureBox2.Refresh();

  
  
  69:             pictureBox2.Image=newbmp;

  
  
70:         }

 
 
 
梯度图像

 
 


  
  
  73:         /// 首先计算源图像的像素(i, j)点的分量值与同行的下一个像素

  
  
  74:         /// （i+1, j）以及相同列的下一个像素（i, j+1）的分量的梯度，

  
  
  75:         /// 即差的平方和的平方根，然后将梯度值作为新的像素重新放回（i, j）

  
  
  76:         /// </summary>

  
  
  77:         void NihongMenuClick(object sender, EventArgs e)

  
  
  78:         {

  
  
  79:             Bitmap bmp=new Bitmap(pictureBox1.Image);

  
  
  80:             Bitmap newbmp=new Bitmap(pictureBox1.Image);

  
  
  81:             Color c1=new Color();

  
  
  82:             Color NewC;

  
  
  83:             int r1,r2,r3,g1,g2,g3,b1,b2,b3,rr,gg,bb;

  
  
  84:             

  
  
  85:             for (int i=0;i<bmp.Width;i++ )

  
  
  86:             {

  
  
  87:                 for (int j=0; j<bmp.Height; j++) {

  
  
  88:                     c1 = bmp.GetPixel(i, j);

  
  
  89:                     r1 = c1.R;

  
  
  90:                     g1 = c1.G;

  
  
  91:                     b1 = c1.B;

  
  
  92:                     if (i+1==bmp.Width) {

  
  
  93:                         c1 = bmp.GetPixel(i , j);

  
  
  94:                     }

  
  
  95:                     else

  
  
  96:                     {

  
  
  97:                         c1 = bmp.GetPixel(i + 1, j);

  
  
  98:                     }

  
  
  99:                     r2 = c1.R;

  
  
 100:                     g2 = c1.G;

  
  
 101:                     b2 = c1.B;

  
  
 102:                     if (j+1==bmp.Height) {

  
  
 103:                         c1 = bmp.GetPixel(i , j);

  
  
 104:                     }

  
  
 105:                     else

  
  
 106:                     {

  
  
 107:                         c1 = bmp.GetPixel(i, j+1);

  
  
 108:                     }

  
  
 109:                     r3 = c1.R;

  
  
 110:                     g3 = c1.G;

  
  
 111:                     b3 = c1.B;

  
  
 112:                     rr = (int)(255-2 * Math.Sqrt((r1 - r2) * (r1 - r2) + (r1 - r3) * (r1 - r3)));

  
  
 113:                     gg = (int)(255-2 * Math.Sqrt((g1 - g2) * (g1 - g2) + (g1 - g3) * (g1 - g3)));

  
  
 114:                     bb = (int)(255-2 * Math.Sqrt((b1 - b2) * (b1 - b2) + (b1 - b3) * (b1 - b3)));

  
  
 115:                     NewC=Color.FromArgb((Byte)rr,(Byte)gg,(Byte)bb);

  
  
 116:                     newbmp.SetPixel(i,j,NewC);

  
  
 117:                 }

  
  
 118:             }

  
  
 119:             

  
  
 120:             // 刷新显示

  
  
 121:             pictureBox2.Refresh();

  
  
 122:             pictureBox2.Image=newbmp;

  
  
 123:         }

 
 
 
如何让窗体画图时，可以根据图片大小自动缩放：

 
 


  
  
if (curBitmap != null)

  
  
    {

  
  
                Graphics g = e.Graphics;

  
  
               // g.InterpolationMode = InterpolationMode.Bicubic;

  
  
                Brush fillbrush=Brushes.White;

  
  
                //判断图片的大小，如果比窗体大，则进行缩放,否则按照原始大小显示

  
  
                if (curBitmap.Width > formWidth || curBitmap.Height > formHeight)

  
  
                {

  
  
                    //图片大小大于窗体 设置窗体大小

  
  
                    this.Width = curBitmap.Width;

  
  
                    this.Height = curBitmap.Height;

  
  
                    Rectangle formRect = new Rectangle(0,0,this.Width,this.Height);

  
  
                    g.FillRectangle(fillbrush, formRect);

  
  
                    g.DrawImage(curBitmap, formRect);

  
  
                }

  
  
                else

  
  
                {

  
  
                    //图片大小小于窗体

  
  
                    this.Width = 800;

  
  
                    this.Height = 600;

  
  
                    Rectangle formRect = new Rectangle(0, 0, formWidth, formHeight);

  
  
                    g.FillRectangle(fillbrush, formRect);

  
  
                    g.DrawImage(curBitmap, 0, 0, curBitmap.Width, curBitmap.Height);

  
  
 

  
  
                }

 
 
设置窗体自动出现滚动条

 
 


  
  
if(DialogResult.OK == openFileDialog.ShowDialog())

  
  
 {

  
  
   m_Bitmap = (Bitmap)Bitmap.FromFile(openFileDialog.FileName, false);

  
  
   this.AutoScroll = true;

  
  
   this.AutoScrollMinSize=new Size ((int)(m_Bitmap.Width),(int)

  
  
                m_Bitmap.Height));

  
  
   this.Invalidate();

  
  
 }

 
 
程序风格：
最好将对图像进行处理的操作如：反色、灰度化、加亮等写成函数，将它们作为一个图像操作类的静态函数（static）,返回值为bool型，
根据返回值决定窗体是否重绘。

 
 


  
  
public static bool Brightness(Bitmap b, int nBrightness)

  
  
 {

  
  
  if (nBrightness < -255 || nBrightness > 255)

  
  
   return false;

  
  
  BitmapData bmData = b.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, b.Width,

  
  
                                    b.Height), ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, 

  
  
                                    PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb);

  
  
  int stride = bmData.Stride;

  
  
  System.IntPtr Scan0 = bmData.Scan0;

  
  
  int nVal = 0;

  
  
  unsafe

  
  
  {

  
  
   byte * p = (byte *)(void *)Scan0;

  
  
   int nOffset = stride - b.Width*3;

  
  
   int nWidth = b.Width * 3;

  
  
   for(int y=0;y<b.Height;++y)

  
  
   {

  
  
      for(int x=0; x < nWidth; ++x )

  
  
       {

  
  
    nVal = (int) (p[0] + nBrightness);

  
  
    if (nVal < 0) nVal = 0;

  
  
    if (nVal > 255) nVal = 255;

  
  
    p[0] = (byte)nVal;

  
  
    ++p;

  
  
        }

  
  
       p += nOffset;

  
  
   }

  
  
  }

  
  
  b.UnlockBits(bmData);

 
 
       return true;
      }