Dom4J操作XML

XML文档：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<exam> 
  <student idcard="111" examid="222"> 
    <name>张三</name>  
    <num>200</num>
    <num>200</num>  
    <location>长沙</location>  
    <tel exe="0734">111222</tel>  
    <tel>123353453</tel> 
  </student>  
  <student idcard="333" examid="444"> 
    <name>李四</name>  
    <location>衡阳</location>  
    <grade>98</grade>  
    <tel exe="0734">333444</tel>  
    <tel>你好333444</tel> 
  </student>  
</exam>

操作代码：

public class Dom4jDemo {
	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
	public void readXml() throws Exception {
		SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
		 Document document = reader.read(Dom4jDemo.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("student.xml"));
		// Document document = reader.read(new FileInputStream( new File("src/student.xml")));
//		Document document = reader.read(new File("src/student.xml"));
		// 获得XML文档的根节点
		Element element = document.getRootElement();
		// System.out.println(element.getName());
		// 得到根节点的所有直接孩子接点
		List<Element> elementList = element.elements();
		for (Element ele : elementList) {
			// 获得接点的属性
			String idcard = ele.attributeValue("idcard");
			String examid = ele.attributeValue("examid");
			System.out.println(ele.getName() + ":" + "学号" + idcard + ";准考证号:" + examid);
			// 获得每个子节点的子节点
			List<Element> child = ele.elements();
			for (Element elechild : child) {
				// 获得子节点的文本值
				String value = elechild.getText();
				System.out.println(elechild.getName() + ":" + value);
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 添加接点
	 * 
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public void addNode() throws Exception {
		SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
		Document document = reader.read(new File("src/student.xml"));
		//

		Element rootElement = document.getRootElement();

		List<Element> childElements = rootElement.elements();
		for (Element element : childElements) {

			String idcard = element.attributeValue("idcard");
			String examid = element.attributeValue("examid");
			// 创建新接点
			Element newElement = DocumentHelper.createElement("tel");
			// 为新节点设置文本值
			newElement.setText("你好" + idcard + examid);
			// newElement.setAttributeValue("exe", "0734");

			element.add(newElement);
		}

		// 设置编码,FileWriter一直都是gb2312编码的，就算设置的编码格式还是会有乱码
		// OutputFormat format = OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint();
		// format.setEncoding("utf-8");

		// 写入到新的XML文档里面去，更新XML文档
		XMLWriter writer = new XMLWriter(new FileOutputStream(new File("src/student.xml")));
		writer.write(document);
		writer.close();
		System.out.println("over");
	}

	/**
	 * 删除接点
	 * 
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public void delete() throws Exception {
		SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
		Document document = reader.read(new File("src/student.xml"));

		Element grade = (Element) document.getRootElement().element("student").element("grade");
		System.out.println(grade.getName());
		//获得这个节点的父节点然后将其删除
		grade.getParent().remove(grade);

		OutputFormat format = OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint();
		format.setEncoding("UTF-8");

		XMLWriter writer = new XMLWriter(new FileOutputStream("src/student.xml"), format);
		writer.write(document);
		writer.close();
	}

	/**
	 * 更新数据
	 * 
	 * @param args
	 */
	public void update() throws Exception {
		SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
		Document document = reader.read(new File("src/student.xml"));

		Element price = (Element) document.getRootElement().element("student").elements("tel").get(1);
		price.setText("123353453");

		OutputFormat format = OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint();
		format.setEncoding("UTF-8");

		XMLWriter writer = new XMLWriter(new FileOutputStream("src/student.xml"), format);
		writer.write(document);
		writer.close();
		System.out.println("over");
	}

	/**
	 * 向指定位置插入节点
	 * @param args
	 */
	
	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
	public void add2() throws Exception{
		SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
		Document document = reader.read(new File("src/student.xml"));
		
		Element num = DocumentHelper.createElement("num");
		num.setText("200");
		
		List list = document.getRootElement().element("student").elements();
		list.add(1, num);//在索引为一的位置插入这个节点
		
		
		OutputFormat format = OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint();
		format.setEncoding("UTF-8");
		
		XMLWriter writer = new XMLWriter(new FileOutputStream("src/student.xml"),format);
		writer.write(document); 
		writer.close();
		System.out.println("over");
	}
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Dom4jDemo demo = new Dom4jDemo();
		try {
			 demo.readXml();
			// demo.addNode();
			// demo.delete();
//			demo.update();
//			demo.add2();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}