Spring自动装配注解之@Resource @Inject

目录

1. 说明

2. 注入规则

3. 注解分析

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1. 说明

@Resource和@Inject在Spring中也可以达到组件依赖注入的功能，但跟@Autowired不同，@Autowired是Spring提供的注解，而@Resource是JSR250里面定义的，@Inject是JSR330里面定义的；

2. 注入规则

@Resource: 
    可以和@Autowired一样实现自动装配功能；默认是按照组件名称进行装配的；
    没有能支持@Primary功能没有支持@Autowired（reqiured=false）;
@Inject:
    需要导入javax.inject的包，和Autowired的功能一样。没有required=false的功能；

3. 注解分析

@Resource和@Inject都是由org.springframework.context.annotation.CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor完成解析；

当UserService通过@Resource和@Inject注入UserDao时： 

在org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(String, RootBeanDefinition, BeanWrapper)中，组件创建后属性赋值的时候，遍历所有BeanPostProcessor获得InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor执行postProcessPropertyValues方法：

/**
 * Populate the bean instance in the given BeanWrapper with the property values
 * from the bean definition.
 * @param beanName the name of the bean
 * @param mbd the bean definition for the bean
 * @param bw BeanWrapper with bean instance
 */
protected void populateBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, BeanWrapper bw) {
	PropertyValues pvs = mbd.getPropertyValues();
		
	if (hasInstAwareBpps || needsDepCheck) {
		PropertyDescriptor[] filteredPds = filterPropertyDescriptorsForDependencyCheck(bw, mbd.allowCaching);
		if (hasInstAwareBpps) {
			for (BeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
				if (bp instanceof InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) {
					// 创建UserService后给UserService属性赋值的时候，遍历所有BeanPostProcessor获得InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor执行postProcessPropertyValues方法
					InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor ibp = (InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) bp;
					pvs = ibp.postProcessPropertyValues(pvs, filteredPds, bw.getWrappedInstance(), beanName);
					if (pvs == null) {
						return;
					}
				}
			}
		}
		if (needsDepCheck) {
			checkDependencies(beanName, mbd, filteredPds, pvs);
		}
	}

	applyPropertyValues(beanName, mbd, bw, pvs);
}

在org.springframework.context.annotation.CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(PropertyValues, PropertyDescriptor[], Object, String)中： 

@Override
public PropertyValues postProcessPropertyValues(
		PropertyValues pvs, PropertyDescriptor[] pds, Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
	//找出UserService中需要注入组件的属性字段
	InjectionMetadata metadata = findResourceMetadata(beanName, bean.getClass(), pvs);
	try {
		//完成组件的依赖注入
		metadata.inject(bean, beanName, pvs);
	}
	catch (Throwable ex) {
		throw new BeanCreationException(beanName, "Injection of resource dependencies failed", ex);
	}
	return pvs;
}

在org.springframework.context.annotation.CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.buildResourceMetadata(Class<?>)中：

private InjectionMetadata buildResourceMetadata(final Class<?> clazz) {
	LinkedList<InjectionMetadata.InjectedElement> elements = new LinkedList<InjectionMetadata.InjectedElement>();
	Class<?> targetClass = clazz;

	do {
		final LinkedList<InjectionMetadata.InjectedElement> currElements =new LinkedList<InjectionMetadata.InjectedElement>();

		// 找出属性字段的依赖注入
		ReflectionUtils.doWithLocalFields(targetClass, new ReflectionUtils.FieldCallback() {
			@Override
			public void doWith(Field field) throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException {
				if (webServiceRefClass != null && field.isAnnotationPresent(webServiceRefClass)) {
					if (Modifier.isStatic(field.getModifiers())) {
						throw new IllegalStateException("@WebServiceRef annotation is not supported on static fields");
					}
					currElements.add(new WebServiceRefElement(field, field, null));
				}
				else if (ejbRefClass != null && field.isAnnotationPresent(ejbRefClass)) {
					if (Modifier.isStatic(field.getModifiers())) {
						throw new IllegalStateException("@EJB annotation is not supported on static fields");
					}
					currElements.add(new EjbRefElement(field, field, null));
				}
				// 解析Resource注解，组装依赖关系
				else if (field.isAnnotationPresent(Resource.class)) {
					if (Modifier.isStatic(field.getModifiers())) {
						throw new IllegalStateException("@Resource annotation is not supported on static fields");
					}
					if (!ignoredResourceTypes.contains(field.getType().getName())) {
						currElements.add(new ResourceElement(field, field, null));
					}
				}
			}
		});

		// 找出方法上的依赖注入
		ReflectionUtils.doWithLocalMethods(targetClass, new ReflectionUtils.MethodCallback() {
			@Override
			public void doWith(Method method) throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException {
				Method bridgedMethod = BridgeMethodResolver.findBridgedMethod(method);
				if (!BridgeMethodResolver.isVisibilityBridgeMethodPair(method, bridgedMethod)) {
					return;
				}
				if (method.equals(ClassUtils.getMostSpecificMethod(method, clazz))) {
					if (webServiceRefClass != null && bridgedMethod.isAnnotationPresent(webServiceRefClass)) {
						if (Modifier.isStatic(method.getModifiers())) {
							throw new IllegalStateException("@WebServiceRef annotation is not supported on static methods");
						}
						if (method.getParameterTypes().length != 1) {
							throw new IllegalStateException("@WebServiceRef annotation requires a single-arg method: " + method);
						}
						PropertyDescriptor pd = BeanUtils.findPropertyForMethod(bridgedMethod, clazz);
						currElements.add(new WebServiceRefElement(method, bridgedMethod, pd));
					}
					else if (ejbRefClass != null && bridgedMethod.isAnnotationPresent(ejbRefClass)) {
						if (Modifier.isStatic(method.getModifiers())) {
							throw new IllegalStateException("@EJB annotation is not supported on static methods");
						}
						if (method.getParameterTypes().length != 1) {
							throw new IllegalStateException("@EJB annotation requires a single-arg method: " + method);
						}
						PropertyDescriptor pd = BeanUtils.findPropertyForMethod(bridgedMethod, clazz);
						currElements.add(new EjbRefElement(method, bridgedMethod, pd));
					}
					else if (bridgedMethod.isAnnotationPresent(Resource.class)) {
						if (Modifier.isStatic(method.getModifiers())) {
							throw new IllegalStateException("@Resource annotation is not supported on static methods");
						}
						Class<?>[] paramTypes = method.getParameterTypes();
						if (paramTypes.length != 1) {
							throw new IllegalStateException("@Resource annotation requires a single-arg method: " + method);
						}
						if (!ignoredResourceTypes.contains(paramTypes[0].getName())) {
							PropertyDescriptor pd = BeanUtils.findPropertyForMethod(bridgedMethod, clazz);
							currElements.add(new ResourceElement(method, bridgedMethod, pd));
						}
					}
				}
			}
		});

		elements.addAll(0, currElements);
		targetClass = targetClass.getSuperclass();
	}
	while (targetClass != null && targetClass != Object.class);

	return new InjectionMetadata(clazz, elements);
}