【JPA】Spring DATA JPA

• JPA 是对hiberante进行的抽象（提取出接口）。
• Spring Data JPA 是Spring Data家族对JPA的封装。

基本使用步骤:

1. 导包

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

2. 配置

spring:
  datasource:
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql:///db?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=UTC
    username: root
    password: root
  jpa:
    properties:
      hibernate:
        hbm2ddl:
          auto: update # update 每次运行程序，没有表时会创建表，如果对象发生改变会更新表结构，原有数据不会清空，只会更新（推荐使用）/ none: 禁用DDL处理
        dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect
        format_sql: true
    show-sql: true  #展示sql语句

3. 实体类

@Entity //表示这是一个实体
@Table(name = "tb_user")  //name = 表名
public class User {

    @Id  //此属性为ID
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY) //ID生成机制
    @Column(name = "id") // 与表字段一致 则可以不加
    private String id;

    private String username;

    private String password;

    private String email;
}

4. DAO层

import com.example.springbootjpa.entity.User;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;

public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User, String> {
/* JpaRepository<User, String> -- 表示简单的CRUD操作。
			User表示要操作的实体类
			String表示实体类的主键类型
   JpaSpecificationExecutor<User> -- 只做查询，用于复杂的查询。
			User表示要操作的实体类
*/
}

5. Controller层

import com.example.springbootjpa.entity.User;
import com.example.springbootjpa.repository.UserRepository;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Page;
import org.springframework.data.domain.PageRequest;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Optional;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/users")
public class UserController {

    @Autowired
    private UserRepository userRepository;

    @PostMapping()
    public User saveUser(@RequestBody User user) {
        return userRepository.save(user);
    }

    @DeleteMapping("/{id}")
    public void deleteUser(@PathVariable("id") String userId) {
        userRepository.deleteById(userId);
    }

    @PutMapping("/{id}")
    public User updateUser(@PathVariable("id") String userId, @RequestBody User user) {
        user.setId(userId);
        return userRepository.saveAndFlush(user);
    }

    @GetMapping("/{id}")
    public User getUserInfo(@PathVariable("id") String userId) {
        Optional<User> optional = userRepository.findById(userId);
        return optional.orElseGet(User::new);
    }

    @GetMapping("/list")
    public Page<User> pageQuery(@RequestParam(value = "pageNum", defaultValue = "1") Integer pageNum,
                                @RequestParam(value = "pageSize", defaultValue = "10") Integer pageSize) {
        return userRepository.findAll(PageRequest.of(pageNum - 1, pageSize));
    }

}