Swift【优化Swift项目编译时间】

 
 

  
  
前言
  
  
Swift编译时间过长，是件难以忍受的事情。你能忍心看着几行看似简单的代码，慢吞吞的编译吗？╮(╯_╰)╭。下面来介绍几种减少编译时间的方法。

  
  
查看每个函数编译时间

  
  
若要对症下药，首先要抓住作祟的小鬼。有2种方法。

  
  
1、在build setting中，设置Other Swift Flags为-Xfrontend -debug-time-function-bodies。这样编译时清楚的看到每个函数的编译时间，找到耗时较多的地方。

  
  

   
   


  
  

  
  
点击右边的展开按钮，可详细查看时间。

  
  



   
   

    
    

   
   

  
  

  
  
2、Xcode plugin，https://github.com/RobertGummesson/BuildTimeAnalyzer-for-Xcode

  
  
方法

  
  
明确指明类型，不要让编译器去推断

  
  
经过测试，发现，在ViewDidLoad中添加如下代码，build的话，在我的机器上一直卡着不动。原因不明，不知道是机器还是xcode问题，还是本身就很慢。但是在原文章说，耗时630ms。总之看起来是比较耗时的。

  
  
let myCompany = [
   "employees": [
        "employee 1": ["attribute": "value"],
        "employee 2": ["attribute": "value"],
        "employee 3": ["attribute": "value"],
        "employee 4": ["attribute": "value"],
        "employee 5": ["attribute": "value"],
        "employee 6": ["attribute": "value"],
        "employee 7": ["attribute": "value"],
        "employee 8": ["attribute": "value"],
        "employee 9": ["attribute": "value"],
        "employee 10": ["attribute": "value"],
        "employee 11": ["attribute": "value"],
        "employee 12": ["attribute": "value"],
        "employee 13": ["attribute": "value"],
        "employee 14": ["attribute": "value"],
        "employee 15": ["attribute": "value"],
        "employee 16": ["attribute": "value"],
        "employee 17": ["attribute": "value"],
        "employee 18": ["attribute": "value"],
        "employee 19": ["attribute": "value"],
        "employee 20": ["attribute": "value"],
    ]
]
  
  

   
   

   
   

    
    
    
    

   
   
  
  
  
  
但是将类型声明之后，
  
  
let myCompany: Dictionary<String, AnyObject> = ...
  
  
ViewDidLoad消耗的时间立马降到十几ms。
  
  

   
   
   
   

   
   

    
    4.png
   
   
  
  
  
  
nil判断
  
  
将nil判断写成if let方式解包。
  
  
class CMExpandingTextField: UITextField {

    func textFieldEditingChanged() {
        invalidateIntrinsicContentSize()
    }

    override func intrinsicContentSize() -> CGSize {
        if isFirstResponder(), let text = text {
            let size = text.sizeWithAttributes(typingAttributes)
            // Build time: 5238.3ms
            return CGSize(width: size.width + (rightView?.bounds.width ?? 0) + (leftView?.bounds.width ?? 0) + 22, height: bounds.height)


             // Build time: 32.4ms
        var padding: CGFloat = 22
        if let rightView = rightView {
            padding += rightView.bounds.width
        }

        if let leftView = leftView {
            padding += leftView.bounds.width
        }

        return CGSizeMake(size.width + padding, bounds.height)
        }
        return super.intrinsicContentSize()
    }
}
  
  
array+[]
  
  
将array+[data]，变成array.append(data)
  
  
// Build time: 1250.3ms
let systemOptions = [ 7, 14, 30, -1 ]
let systemNames = (0...2).map{ String(format: localizedFormat, systemOptions[$0]) } + [NSLocalizedString("everything", comment: "")]
// Some code in-between 
labelNames = Array(systemNames[0..<count]) + [systemNames.last!]

// Build time: 25.5ms
let systemOptions = [ 7, 14, 30, -1 ]
var systemNames = systemOptions.dropLast().map{ String(format: localizedFormat, $0) }
systemNames.append(NSLocalizedString("everything", comment: ""))
// Some code in-between
labelNames = Array(systemNames[0..<count])
labelNames.append(systemNames.last!)
  
  
三段式判断 a > b ? a : b
  
  
// Build time: 239.0ms
let labelNames = type == 0 ? (1...5).map{type0ToString($0)} : (0...2).map{type1ToString($0)}

// Build time: 16.9ms
var labelNames: [String]
if type == 0 {
    labelNames = (1...5).map{type0ToString($0)}
} else {
    labelNames = (0...2).map{type1ToString($0)}
}
  
  
CGFloat-->CGFloat类型转换
  
  
// Build time: 3431.7 ms
return CGFloat(M_PI) * (CGFloat((hour + hourDelta + CGFloat(minute + minuteDelta) / 60) * 5) - 15) * unit / 180

// Build time: 3.0ms
return CGFloat(M_PI) * ((hour + hourDelta + (minute + minuteDelta) / 60) * 5 - 15) * unit / 180
  
  
Round()
  
  
// Build time: 1433.7ms
let expansion = a — b — c + round(d * 0.66) + e
// Build time: 34.7ms
let expansion = a — b — c + d * 0.66 + e
  
  
总结
  
  
减少编译时间归结于几点：
  
  
1、明确指明类型，而不要让编译器去推断代码中你所使用的类型，这样会节省大部分的时间。
  
  
2、减少让编译器懵逼的代码，尽量写的简单，明了，不要绕圈子。
  
  

   
   

    
    
Whether or not you have a problem with slow build times, it is still useful to build an understanding of what confuses the compiler. I’m sure you’ll find a few surprises yourself
   
   
  
  
  
  
一句话，要善意的对待编译器，不要整各种来虐待它~ o(￣▽￣)ブ~