C#随机生成符合要求的密码并判断强弱

用户的密码设定是网络安全的重中之重，生成安全密码，在重要的网络数据安全中尤显重要。重要的用户密码很需要帮助他们随机生成高强度的密码。一般随机数都是伪随机，我们需要不同的种子，让它无限接近于真随机。下面就是一个生成随机密码的类，并根据密码的长度和密码字符的种类进行赋值判断强度。

using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.Text;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;

namespace GeneratePassword
{
    public partial class GeneratePassword
    {
        private const int minimumNumberOfChars = 4;//最小密码长度

        /// <summary>
        /// 随机生成密码
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="mumNumberOfChars" 指定的密码长度></param>
        /// <param name="minimumLowerCaseChars" 小写字母最小位数></param>
        /// <param name="minimumUpperCaseChars" 大写字母最小位数></param>
        /// <param name="minimumNumericChars" 数字最小位数></param>
        /// <param name="minimumSpecialChars" 特殊字符最小位数></param>
        /// <returns>"GeneratePassword"</returns>
        public string GenerateNewPassword(int mumNumberOfChars, int minimumLowerCaseChars, int minimumUpperCaseChars, int minimumNumericChars, int minimumSpecialChars)
        {
            if (mumNumberOfChars < minimumNumberOfChars)
            {
                throw new ArgumentException("最小密码长度不能小于4位！");
            }
            if (minimumLowerCaseChars < 0 || minimumUpperCaseChars < 0 || minimumNumericChars < 0 || minimumSpecialChars < 0)
            {
                throw new ArgumentException("参数不能小于0！");
            }
            if (mumNumberOfChars < minimumLowerCaseChars + minimumUpperCaseChars + minimumNumericChars + minimumSpecialChars)
            {
                throw new ArgumentException("密码长度不能小于4个分类字符最小位数之和！");
            }
            string allAvailableChars;
            var allLowerCaseChars = "abcdefghijkmnpqrstuvwxyz";//不使用ol，避免混淆或看不清，以下同
            var allUpperCaseChars = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZ";//不使用O
            var allNumericChars = "23456789";//不使用01
            var allSpecialChars = @"~!@#$%&*_-+=|\(){}[]<>?/";//不使用^`:;,.
            StringBuilder stringBuilder = new();
            stringBuilder.Append(GetOnlyIfOneCharIsRequired(mumNumberOfChars, minimumLowerCaseChars, allLowerCaseChars));
            stringBuilder.Append(GetOnlyIfOneCharIsRequired(mumNumberOfChars, minimumUpperCaseChars, allUpperCaseChars));
            stringBuilder.Append(GetOnlyIfOneCharIsRequired(mumNumberOfChars, minimumNumericChars, allNumericChars));
            stringBuilder.Append(GetOnlyIfOneCharIsRequired(mumNumberOfChars, minimumSpecialChars, allSpecialChars));
            allAvailableChars = stringBuilder.ToString();
            return GetRandomString(allAvailableChars, mumNumberOfChars);

        }
        private string GetOnlyIfOneCharIsRequired(int mumNumberOfChars, int minimum, string allChars)
        {
            return minimum > 0 || mumNumberOfChars == 0 ? allChars : string.Empty;
        }
        private string GetRandomString(string possibleChars, int lenght)
        {
            var result = string.Empty;
            for (var position = 0; position < lenght; position++)
            {
                var index = Next(possibleChars.Length);
                result += possibleChars[index];
            }
            return result;
        }
        private int Next()
        {
            var randomBuffer = new byte[4];
            using (var generator = RandomNumberGenerator.Create())
            {
                generator.GetBytes(randomBuffer);
            }
            var result = BitConverter.ToInt32(randomBuffer, 0);
            return result;
        }

        private int Next(int maximumValue)
        {
            // 不要使用Next()%maximumValue，因为分布不正常
            return Next(0, maximumValue);
        }

        private int Next(int minimumValue, int maximumValue)
        {
            var seed = Next();

            //  在给定范围内生成均匀分布的随机整数。
            return new Random(seed).Next(minimumValue, maximumValue);
        }

        public string GetPasswordStrength(string password)
        {
            if (password == null || password.Length < minimumNumberOfChars)
            {
                throw new ArgumentException("密码不能为空或小于4位数");
            }
            var result = string.Empty;
            var count = 0;

            if (NumberRegex().IsMatch(password))
            {
                count += 10;
            }
            if (LowerRegex().IsMatch(password))
            {
                count += 26;
            }
            if (UpperRegex().IsMatch(password))
            {
                count += 26;
            }
            if (PunctuationRegex().IsMatch(password))
            {
                count += 31;
            }

            double strength = Math.Log(Math.Pow(count, password.Length)) / Math.Log(2);

            if (strength <= 32) { result = "Weak"; }
            else if (strength <= 64) { result = "Good"; }
            else if (strength <= 128) { result = "Strong"; }
            else if (strength > 128) { result = "Very strong"; }
            return result;
        }

        [GeneratedRegex("[\\d]")]
        private static partial Regex NumberRegex();
        [GeneratedRegex("[a-z]")]
        private static partial Regex LowerRegex();
        [GeneratedRegex("[A-Z]")]
        private static partial Regex UpperRegex();
        [GeneratedRegex("[\\W|_]")]
        private static partial Regex PunctuationRegex();
    }
}

这个类是根据 https://github.com/it-nilesh/password-generator/blob/master/PasswordGenerator 的源码简化修改而成。