主芯片为EFM32WG360F256，使用的SPIflash为W25Q256。
关于SPIflash的驱动部分不再说明。
移植的fatfs为官方的最新版本：http://elm-chan.org/fsw/ff/00index_e.html，Download: FatFs R0.12a | Updates | Latest Patch July 23, 2016
用不到长文件名，直接删掉源码的option文件夹下所有文件，接下来开始配置ffconf.h，配置如下：
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------/
/ FatFs - FAT file system module configuration file
/---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#define _FFCONF 80186 /* Revision ID */
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------/
/ Function Configurations
/---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#define _FS_READONLY 0
/* This option switches read-only configuration. (0:Read/Write or 1:Read-only)
/ Read-only configuration removes writing API functions, f_write(), f_sync(),
/ f_unlink(), f_mkdir(), f_chmod(), f_rename(), f_truncate(), f_getfree()
/ and optional writing functions as well. */
#define _FS_MINIMIZE 0
/* This option defines minimization level to remove some basic API functions.
/
/ 0: All basic functions are enabled.
/ 1: f_stat(), f_getfree(), f_unlink(), f_mkdir(), f_truncate() and f_rename()
/ are removed.
/ 2: f_opendir(), f_readdir() and f_closedir() are removed in addition to 1.
/ 3: f_lseek() function is removed in addition to 2. */
#define _USE_STRFUNC 0
/* This option switches string functions, f_gets(), f_putc(), f_puts() and
/ f_printf().
/
/ 0: Disable string functions.
/ 1: Enable without LF-CRLF conversion.
/ 2: Enable with LF-CRLF conversion. */
#define _USE_FIND 0
/* This option switches filtered directory read functions, f_findfirst() and
/ f_findnext(). (0:Disable, 1:Enable 2:Enable with matching altname[] too) */
#define _USE_MKFS 1
/* This option switches f_mkfs() function. (0:Disable or 1:Enable) */
#define _USE_FASTSEEK 0
/* This option switches fast seek function. (0:Disable or 1:Enable) */
#define _USE_EXPAND 0
/* This option switches f_expand function. (0:Disable or 1:Enable) */
#define _USE_CHMOD 0
/* This option switches attribute manipulation functions, f_chmod() and f_utime().
/ (0:Disable or 1:Enable) Also _FS_READONLY needs to be 0 to enable this option. */
#define _USE_LABEL 0
/* This option switches volume label functions, f_getlabel() and f_setlabel().
/ (0:Disable or 1:Enable) */
#define _USE_FORWARD 0
/* This option switches f_forward() function. (0:Disable or 1:Enable) */
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------/
/ Locale and Namespace Configurations
/---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#define _CODE_PAGE 936
/* This option specifies the OEM code page to be used on the target system.
/ Incorrect setting of the code page can cause a file open failure.
/
/ 1 - ASCII (No extended character. Non-LFN cfg. only)
/ 437 - U.S.
/ 720 - Arabic
/ 737 - Greek
/ 771 - KBL
/ 775 - Baltic
/ 850 - Latin 1
/ 852 - Latin 2
/ 855 - Cyrillic
/ 857 - Turkish
/ 860 - Portuguese
/ 861 - Icelandic
/ 862 - Hebrew
/ 863 - Canadian French
/ 864 - Arabic
/ 865 - Nordic
/ 866 - Russian
/ 869 - Greek 2
/ 932 - Japanese (DBCS)
/ 936 - Simplified Chinese (DBCS)
/ 949 - Korean (DBCS)
/ 950 - Traditional Chinese (DBCS)
*/
#define _USE_LFN 0
#define _MAX_LFN 255
/* The _USE_LFN switches the support of long file name (LFN).
/
/ 0: Disable support of LFN. _MAX_LFN has no effect.
/ 1: Enable LFN with static working buffer on the BSS. Always NOT thread-safe.
/ 2: Enable LFN with dynamic working buffer on the STACK.
/ 3: Enable LFN with dynamic working buffer on the HEAP.
/
/ To enable the LFN, Unicode handling functions (option/unicode.c) must be added
/ to the project. The working buffer occupies (_MAX_LFN + 1) * 2 bytes and
/ additional 608 bytes at exFAT enabled. _MAX_LFN can be in range from 12 to 255.
/ It should be set 255 to support full featured LFN operations.
/ When use stack for the working buffer, take care on stack overflow. When use heap
/ memory for the working buffer, memory management functions, ff_memalloc() and
/ ff_memfree(), must be added to the project. */
#define _LFN_UNICODE 0
/* This option switches character encoding on the API. (0:ANSI/OEM or 1:UTF-16)
/ To use Unicode string for the path name, enable LFN and set _LFN_UNICODE = 1.
/ This option also affects behavior of string I/O functions. */
#define _STRF_ENCODE 3
/* When _LFN_UNICODE == 1, this option selects the character encoding ON THE FILE to
/ be read/written via string I/O functions, f_gets(), f_putc(), f_puts and f_printf().
/
/ 0: ANSI/OEM
/ 1: UTF-16LE
/ 2: UTF-16BE
/ 3: UTF-8
/
/ This option has no effect when _LFN_UNICODE == 0. */
#define _FS_RPATH 0
/* This option configures support of relative path.
/
/ 0: Disable relative path and remove related functions.
/ 1: Enable relative path. f_chdir() and f_chdrive() are available.
/ 2: f_getcwd() function is available in addition to 1.
*/
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------/
/ Drive/Volume Configurations
/---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#define _VOLUMES 1
/* Number of volumes (logical drives) to be used. */
#define _STR_VOLUME_ID 0
#define _VOLUME_STRS "RAM","NAND","CF","SD","SD2","USB","USB2","USB3"
/* _STR_VOLUME_ID switches string support of volume ID.
/ When _STR_VOLUME_ID is set to 1, also pre-defined strings can be used as drive
/ number in the path name. _VOLUME_STRS defines the drive ID strings for each
/ logical drives. Number of items must be equal to _VOLUMES. Valid characters for
/ the drive ID strings are: A-Z and 0-9. */
#define _MULTI_PARTITION 0
/* This option switches support of multi-partition on a physical drive.
/ By default (0), each logical drive number is bound to the same physical drive
/ number and only an FAT volume found on the physical drive will be mounted.
/ When multi-partition is enabled (1), each logical drive number can be bound to
/ arbitrary physical drive and partition listed in the VolToPart[]. Also f_fdisk()
/ funciton will be available. */
#define _MIN_SS 512
#define _MAX_SS 512
/* These options configure the range of sector size to be supported. (512, 1024,
/ 2048 or 4096) Always set both 512 for most systems, all type of memory cards and
/ harddisk. But a larger value may be required for on-board flash memory and some
/ type of optical media. When _MAX_SS is larger than _MIN_SS, FatFs is configured
/ to variable sector size and GET_SECTOR_SIZE command must be implemented to the
/ disk_ioctl() function. */
#define _USE_TRIM 0
/* This option switches support of ATA-TRIM. (0:Disable or 1:Enable)
/ To enable Trim function, also CTRL_TRIM command should be implemented to the
/ disk_ioctl() function. */
#define _FS_NOFSINFO 0
/* If you need to know correct free space on the FAT32 volume, set bit 0 of this
/ option, and f_getfree() function at first time after volume mount will force
/ a full FAT scan. Bit 1 controls the use of last allocated cluster number.
/
/ bit0=0: Use free cluster count in the FSINFO if available.
/ bit0=1: Do not trust free cluster count in the FSINFO.
/ bit1=0: Use last allocated cluster number in the FSINFO if available.
/ bit1=1: Do not trust last allocated cluster number in the FSINFO.
*/
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------/
/ System Configurations
/---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#define _FS_TINY 1
/* This option switches tiny buffer configuration. (0:Normal or 1:Tiny)
/ At the tiny configuration, size of the file object (FIL) is reduced _MAX_SS bytes.
/ Instead of private sector buffer eliminated from the file object, common sector
/ buffer in the file system object (FATFS) is used for the file data transfer. */
#define _FS_EXFAT 0
/* This option switches support of exFAT file system in addition to the traditional
/ FAT file system. (0:Disable or 1:Enable) To enable exFAT, also LFN must be enabled.
/ Note that enabling exFAT discards C89 compatibility. */
#define _FS_NORTC 1
#define _NORTC_MON 1
#define _NORTC_MDAY 1
#define _NORTC_YEAR 2016
/* The option _FS_NORTC switches timestamp functiton. If the system does not have
/ any RTC function or valid timestamp is not needed, set _FS_NORTC = 1 to disable
/ the timestamp function. All objects modified by FatFs will have a fixed timestamp
/ defined by _NORTC_MON, _NORTC_MDAY and _NORTC_YEAR in local time.
/ To enable timestamp function (_FS_NORTC = 0), get_fattime() function need to be
/ added to the project to get current time form real-time clock. _NORTC_MON,
/ _NORTC_MDAY and _NORTC_YEAR have no effect.
/ These options have no effect at read-only configuration (_FS_READONLY = 1). */
#define _FS_LOCK 0
/* The option _FS_LOCK switches file lock function to control duplicated file open
/ and illegal operation to open objects. This option must be 0 when _FS_READONLY
/ is 1.
/
/ 0: Disable file lock function. To avoid volume corruption, application program
/ should avoid illegal open, remove and rename to the open objects.
/ >0: Enable file lock function. The value defines how many files/sub-directories
/ can be opened simultaneously under file lock control. Note that the file
/ lock control is independent of re-entrancy. */
#define _FS_REENTRANT 0
#define _FS_TIMEOUT 1000
#define _SYNC_t HANDLE
/* The option _FS_REENTRANT switches the re-entrancy (thread safe) of the FatFs
/ module itself. Note that regardless of this option, file access to different
/ volume is always re-entrant and volume control functions, f_mount(), f_mkfs()
/ and f_fdisk() function, are always not re-entrant. Only file/directory access
/ to the same volume is under control of this function.
/
/ 0: Disable re-entrancy. _FS_TIMEOUT and _SYNC_t have no effect.
/ 1: Enable re-entrancy. Also user provided synchronization handlers,
/ ff_req_grant(), ff_rel_grant(), ff_del_syncobj() and ff_cre_syncobj()
/ function, must be added to the project. Samples are available in
/ option/syscall.c.
/
/ The _FS_TIMEOUT defines timeout period in unit of time tick.
/ The _SYNC_t defines O/S dependent sync object type. e.g. HANDLE, ID, OS_EVENT*,
/ SemaphoreHandle_t and etc.. A header file for O/S definitions needs to be
/ included somewhere in the scope of ff.c. */
/*--- End of configuration options ---*/
配置为TINY精简模式。之后开始完善diskio.c的底层接口函数，代码如下：
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Low level disk I/O module skeleton for FatFs (C)ChaN, 2016 */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* If a working storage control module is available, it should be */
/* attached to the FatFs via a glue function rather than modifying it. */
/* This is an example of glue functions to attach various exsisting */
/* storage control modules to the FatFs module with a defined API. */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "diskio.h" /* FatFs lower layer API */
#include "bsp_gps.h"
/* Definitions of physical drive number for each drive */
#define EX_FLASH 0 //外部flash,卷标为0
#define FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE 4096
#define FLASH_BLOCK_SIZE 16 //每个BLOCK有16个扇区
#define FLASH_SECTOR_NUM (32*1024*1024)//flash的总容量
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get Drive Status */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
//获得磁盘状态
DSTATUS disk_status (
BYTE pdrv /* Physical drive nmuber (0..) */
)
{
return 0;
}
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Inidialize a Drive */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
//初始化磁盘
DSTATUS disk_initialize (
BYTE pdrv /* Physical drive nmuber (0..) */
)
{
BYTE res=0;
switch(pdrv)
{
case EX_FLASH://外部flash
W25QXX_Init();
break;
default:
res=1;
}
if(res)return STA_NOINIT;
else return 0; //初始化成功
}
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Read Sector(s) */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
//读扇区
//drv:磁盘编号0~9
//*buff:数据接收缓冲首地址
//sector:扇区地址
//count:需要读取的扇区数
DRESULT disk_read (
BYTE pdrv, /* Physical drive nmuber (0..) */
BYTE *buff, /* Data buffer to store read data */
DWORD sector, /* Sector address (LBA) */
UINT count /* Number of sectors to read (1..128) */
)
{
BYTE res=0;
if (!count)return RES_PARERR;//count不能等于0，否则返回参数错误
switch(pdrv)
{
case EX_FLASH://外部flash
for(;count>0;count--)
{
W25QXX_Read(buff,sector*FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE,FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE);
sector++;
buff+=FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE;
}
res=0;
break;
default:
res=1;
}
//处理返回值，将SPI_SD_driver.c的返回值转成ff.c的返回值
if(res==0x00)return RES_OK;
else return RES_ERROR;
}
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Write Sector(s) */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
//写扇区
//drv:磁盘编号0~9
//*buff:发送数据首地址
//sector:扇区地址
//count:需要写入的扇区数
DRESULT disk_write (
BYTE pdrv, /* Physical drive nmuber (0..) */
const BYTE *buff, /* Data to be written */
DWORD sector, /* Sector address (LBA) */
UINT count /* Number of sectors to write (1..128) */
)
{
BYTE res=0;
if (!count)return RES_PARERR;//count不能等于0，否则返回参数错误
switch(pdrv)
{
case EX_FLASH://外部flash
for(;count>0;count--)
{
W25QXX_Write((BYTE*)buff,sector*FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE,FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE);
sector++;
buff+=FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE;
}
res=0;
break;
default:
res=1;
}
//处理返回值，将SPI_SD_driver.c的返回值转成ff.c的返回值
if(res == 0x00)return RES_OK;
else return RES_ERROR;
}
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Miscellaneous Functions */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
//其他表参数的获得
//drv:磁盘编号0~9
//ctrl:控制代码
//*buff:发送/接收缓冲区指针
DRESULT disk_ioctl (
BYTE pdrv, /* Physical drive nmuber (0..) */
BYTE cmd, /* Control code */
void *buff /* Buffer to send/receive control data */
)
{
DRESULT res;
if(pdrv==EX_FLASH) //外部FLASH
{
switch(cmd)
{
case CTRL_SYNC:
res = RES_OK;
break;
case GET_SECTOR_SIZE:
*(WORD*)buff = FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE;
res = RES_OK;
break;
case GET_BLOCK_SIZE:
*(WORD*)buff = FLASH_BLOCK_SIZE;
res = RES_OK;
break;
case GET_SECTOR_COUNT:
*(DWORD*)buff = FLASH_SECTOR_NUM;
res = RES_OK;
break;
default:
res = RES_PARERR;
break;
}
}else res=RES_ERROR;//其他的不支持
return res;
}
//获得时间
//User defined function to give a current time to fatfs module */
//31-25: Year(0-127 org.1980), 24-21: Month(1-12), 20-16: Day(1-31) */
//15-11: Hour(0-23), 10-5: Minute(0-59), 4-0: Second(0-29 *2) */
DWORD get_fattime (void)
{
u32 time=0;
if((pGPS_Data.Year+2000)<1980)return 0;
time=(pGPS_Data.Year+2000-1980)<<25;//年份
time|=(pGPS_Data.Mouth)<<21; //月份
time|=(pGPS_Data.Day)<<16; //日期
time|=(pGPS_Data.Hour)<<11; //时
time|=(pGPS_Data.Min)<<5; //分
time|=(pGPS_Data.Sec/2); //秒
return time;
}将spiflash的读写函数嵌入fatfs的读写函数中，用GPS的全局时间结构体作为fatfs的时间，之后编写一个fatfs的初始化函数：
//fatfs初始化函数，检测无文件系统的时候会自动格式化
//成功返回剩余容量(一个0~1之间的小数)，失败返回0
FATFS FatFs;
float fatfs_init(void)
{
FRESULT res; /* FatFs return code */
DWORD fre_clust, fre_sect, tot_sect;
BYTE line[512];
//检查SPI FLASH的文件系统
f_mount(&FatFs, "0:", 0); //挂载FLASH.
//W25Q256检测,如果不存在文件系统,则先创建.
res=f_getfree("0:", &fre_clust, &FatFs);//得到FLASH剩余容量和总容量
/* Get total sectors and free sectors */
tot_sect = (FatFs.n_fatent - 2) * FatFs.csize;
fre_sect = fre_clust * FatFs.csize;
if(res == FR_NO_FILESYSTEM)//文件系统不存在
{
res=f_mkfs("0:", FM_FAT32, 0, line, sizeof line);//格式化FLASH
if(res==FR_OK)
{
res=f_getfree("0:", &fre_clust, &FatFs);//重新获取容量
/* Get total sectors and free sectors */
tot_sect = (FatFs.n_fatent - 2) * FatFs.csize;
fre_sect = fre_clust * FatFs.csize;
}
}
if(res==FR_OK)//得到FLASH卡剩余容量和总容量
return ((float)fre_sect/(float)tot_sect);
else
return 0;
}编写一个fatfs 的测试函数：
void fatfs_text (void)
{
printf("Flash text begin...\r\n");
FIL fil; /* File object */
UINT bw;
UINT br;
BYTE buff[64];
FRESULT fr; /* FatFs return code */
float fre_sect;
f_mount(&FatFs, "0:", 0); //挂载FLASH.
/* Open a text file */
fr = f_open(&fil, "0:text.txt", FA_OPEN_ALWAYS|FA_READ|FA_WRITE);
printf ("open fill is %d\r\n",fr);
/* write str in to the file */
sprintf (buff,"%2d%2d%2d %2d%2d%2d %2d %2d\r\n",pGPS_Data.Year,pGPS_Data.Mouth,pGPS_Data.Day,pGPS_Data.Hour,pGPS_Data.Min,pGPS_Data.Sec,pGPS_Data.sum_satellite,pGPS_Data.PUBX_data.num);
fr = f_write(&fil,buff,64,&bw);
printf ("write fill is %d\r\n",fr);
/* Pointer to */
fr = f_lseek(&fil,0);
printf (buff,"lseek fill is %d\r\n",fr);
/* read str from the file */
BYTE data[64] = "no data!\r\n";
fr = f_read(&fil,data,64,&br);
printf (data);
printf ("read fill is %d\r\n",fr);
/* Close the file */
f_close(&fil);
fre_sect = fatfs_init();
printf ("free sectors is %d.0\r\n",(WORD)(fre_sect*100));
printf ("Finish.\r\n");
}测试函数将一个动态的GPS数据打印出来，每次调用这个测试函数应该会提示不一样的数据，测试打印结果如下所示：
open fill is 0
write fill is 0
lseek fill is 0
16 8 8 11211 0 12
read fill is 0
free sectors is 99.0
Finish.
0代表运行成功，创建text.txt，将GPS的数据写入文件，并读取从串口打印出来。至此fatfs的移植测试成功完成。
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