云服务器Ubuntu 16.04安装tomcat、jdk和mysql（tar压缩解压方式）

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服务器配置:1G 2核心 Ubuntu 16.04.3 LTS \n \l

准备工作:在windows中首先下载好需要使用的东西，然后通过xftp将文件传到服务器中。上传文件成功之后的截图如下:

搜狐mysql镜像站:http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.7/

jdk版本:jdk-8u191-linux-x64.tar.gz

tomcat版本:apache-tomcat-9.0.13.tar.gz

一、安装mysql，操作步骤如下：

1. 全自动安装方式:apt-get install mysql-server

root@Turing:/usr/local/mysql# apt-get install mysql-server
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  libcgi-fast-perl libcgi-pm-perl libencode-locale-perl libevent-core-2.0-5 libfcgi-perl libhtml-parser-perl libhtml-tagset-perl libhtml-template-perl
  libhttp-date-perl libhttp-message-perl libio-html-perl liblwp-mediatypes-perl liburi-perl mysql-client-5.7 mysql-client-core-5.7 mysql-common mysql-server-5.7
  mysql-server-core-5.7
Suggested packages:
  libdata-dump-perl libipc-sharedcache-perl libwww-perl tinyca
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  libcgi-fast-perl libcgi-pm-perl libencode-locale-perl libevent-core-2.0-5 libfcgi-perl libhtml-parser-perl libhtml-tagset-perl libhtml-template-perl
  libhttp-date-perl libhttp-message-perl libio-html-perl liblwp-mediatypes-perl liburi-perl mysql-client-5.7 mysql-client-core-5.7 mysql-common mysql-server
  mysql-server-5.7 mysql-server-core-5.7
0 upgraded, 19 newly installed, 0 to remove and 215 not upgraded.
Need to get 18.9 MB of archives.
After this operation, 162 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Get:1 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 mysql-common all 5.7.24-0ubuntu0.16.04.1 [15.3 kB]
Get:2 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 mysql-client-core-5.7 amd64 5.7.24-0ubuntu0.16.04.1 [6,030 kB]
Get:3 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 mysql-client-5.7 amd64 5.7.24-0ubuntu0.16.04.1 [1,720 kB]
Get:4 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 mysql-server-core-5.7 amd64 5.7.24-0ubuntu0.16.04.1 [7,757 kB]
Get:5 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 libevent-core-2.0-5 amd64 2.0.21-stable-2ubuntu0.16.04.1 [70.6 kB]
Get:6 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 mysql-server-5.7 amd64 5.7.24-0ubuntu0.16.04.1 [2,726 kB]
Get:7 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 libhtml-tagset-perl all 3.20-2 [13.5 kB]
Get:8 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 liburi-perl all 1.71-1 [76.9 kB]
Get:9 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 libhtml-parser-perl amd64 3.72-1 [86.1 kB]
Get:10 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 libcgi-pm-perl all 4.26-1 [185 kB]
Get:11 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 libfcgi-perl amd64 0.77-1build1 [32.3 kB]
Get:12 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 libcgi-fast-perl all 1:2.10-1 [10.2 kB]
Get:13 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 libencode-locale-perl all 1.05-1 [12.3 kB]
Get:14 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 libhtml-template-perl all 2.95-2 [60.4 kB]
Get:15 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 libhttp-date-perl all 6.02-1 [10.4 kB]
Get:16 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 libio-html-perl all 1.001-1 [14.9 kB]
Get:17 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 liblwp-mediatypes-perl all 6.02-1 [21.7 kB]
Get:18 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 libhttp-message-perl all 6.11-1 [74.3 kB]
Get:19 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 mysql-server all 5.7.24-0ubuntu0.16.04.1 [10.8 kB]
Fetched 18.9 MB in 0s (24.4 MB/s)   
Preconfiguring packages ...
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(Reading database ... 100151 files and directories currently installed.)
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update-alternatives: using /etc/mysql/my.cnf.fallback to provide /etc/mysql/my.cnf (my.cnf) in auto mode
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root@Turing:/etc# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.7.24-0ubuntu0.16.04.1 (Ubuntu)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> 

安装成功！！！

2.开启root用户的全称访问权限

   2.1.修改数据库中user的host

update user set host = '%' where user ='root';

grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '数据库密码';

flush privileges;

  2.2.修改my.conf的中的ip绑定  

# 进入编辑/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.conf

vi /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.conf

# 修改ip绑定

# 源文件中为：

bind-address 127.0.0.1

# 将其修改为：

bind-address 0.0.0.0

# 覆盖保存

esc:wq

  2.3.重启数据库  

  # 重启命令

service mysql restart

  2.4 新增用户并允许远程访问

 # 新增用户并允许远程访问只需要在user表中增加一个用户，将host设置为%即可

# 下例默认将所有权限分配给新用户，例如：

grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '数据库密码';

flush privileges;

#开启mysql 开机自启动

systemctl enable mysql

  2.5 测试远程连接

                                        

二、安装jdk  jdk-8u191-linux-x64.tar.gz

 1.安装步骤步骤如下：

给它一个执行的权限:chmod u+x  jdk-8u191-linux-x64.tar.gz

#解压jdk 压缩包

 tar -xvf jdk-8u191-linux-x64.tar.gz 
#查看解压出来的文件

cd ..

cd  jdk-8u191-linux-x64

2.配置jdk环境

cd /etc

vi environment

#末尾加入以下配置（JAVA_HOME 后的路径就是jdk的文件位置）

PATH="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games:$JAVA_HOME/bin"
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk/jdk1.8.0_191

#修改完成之后保存关闭，并输入以下命令使环境变量立即生效

source /etc/environment

#输入java -version，显示JDK版本说明恭喜你，环境变量配置正确

java version "1.8.0_191"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_191-b12)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.191-b12, mixed mode)

 3.等等还未结束，为了防止chu出现其他用户不能用的情况，配置所有用户的环境变量

vi  /etc/profile

    在文件的最后添加以下内容：

#set Java environment
#Java_HOME 是 安装jdk的目录 每个人的安装目录可能会不一样
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk/jdk1.8.0_191
export JRE_HOME=$JAVA_HOME/jre
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JRE_HOME/lib:$CLASSPATH
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin:$PATH

   同样使得环境变量立即生效

source /etc/profile

 9.重启电脑，能正常进入系统，且java -version命令有效

  安装jdk 全部结束！！！

 

三、安装tomcat  apache-tomcat-9.0.13.tar.gz

 1.切换到tomcat文件夹，操作步骤如下：

#给  安装包一个执行权限

chmod u+x apache-tomcat-9.0.13.tar.gz

#解压 tar.gz文件

tar -xvf apache-tomcat-9.0.13.tar.gz  

#查看压缩文件 

cd ..

cd  apache-tomcat-9.0.13.tar.gz  

ll

 2.#配置tomcat环境

#打开vi /etc/profile 目录下

vi /etc/profile

#在jdk环境下 加入tomcat 环境

#tomcat
export TOMCAT_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-9.0.13
#使环境立即生效

source /etc/profile

  3.保存退出以后，使用:

#进入到   apache-tomcat-9.0.13 下 执行

#开启tomcat

./bin/startup.sh

开启信息如下:

Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-9.0.13
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-9.0.13
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-9.0.13/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /usr/local/jdk/jdk1.8.0_191/jre
Using CLASSPATH:       /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-9.0.13/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-9.0.13/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Tomcat started.

 4.修改 server.xml配置文件,修改端口为80，查看防火墙,开启80端口

#修改server.ml 文件

#首先 解决乱码问题 修改端口为80 找到如下代码

<Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
               connectionTimeout="20000"
               redirectPort="8443" />
修改后:

<Connector port="80" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
               connectionTimeout="20000"
               redirectPort="8443" URIEncoding="UTF-8"/>

保存退出

 5.查看防火墙开启的端口（Ubuntu 16.04）

 #首先  关闭tomcat 服务器

./bin/shutdown.sh

#查看防火墙状态  为Status: inactive 则为未开启

u为w status

#开启防火墙   出现Firewall is active and enabled on system startup 开启成功

ufw enable

#关闭防火墙 出现:Firewall stopped and disabled on system startup  关闭成功

ufw disable

#开启开启自启动防火墙

ufw default deny

#开发端口

ufw allow 80/tcp   #设置允许访问 http

#查看 开启的端口

 netstat -naptu

  6.部署JavaWeb项目,访问

    之前我写了一篇云服务器部署JavaWeb项目的博客，部署可以参考一下！ 查看部署过程

 7.访问