Spring整合JPA

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          今天，来写一遍Spring整合JPA的Demo，Spring框架呢 是我们学习JavaWeb必学的一个框架，非常好用，而且支持对第三方框架的集成，所以在JavaWeb项目中用的比较多。JPA呢是Java Persistence API的简称，中文名:Java持久层API，是JDK 5.0注解或XML描述对象－关系表的映射关系，并将运行期的实体对象持久化到数据库中。JPA的出现使的我们的ORM映射更加便捷，清晰。废话不多说，开工！！！

一、搭建环境

• 创建Java工程的目录结构(Demo选择Java工程即可)

• 编写Spring的配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd">
	
	<!-- 配置Spring注解扫描器  -->
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.nyist.SpingUnionJPA"></context:component-scan>
	
	<!-- 配置C3p0 数据源 -->
	<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>
	<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
		<property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"></property>
		<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
		<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}"></property>
		<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property>
		<!-- 配置其他属性 -->
	</bean>
	
	<!-- 配置EntityManagerFactory -->
	<bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
		<!-- 引用 连接池 -->
		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
		<!-- 配置Jpa 提供商的适配器,可以通过内部bean的方式来配置 -->
		<property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
			<bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter"></bean>
		</property>
		
		<!-- 配置实体类所在的包  -->
		<property name="packagesToScan" value="com.nyist.SpingUnionJPA.Entity"></property>
		
		<!-- 配置JPA的基本属性 例如: JPA 实现产品的属性 -->
		<property name="jpaProperties">
			<props>
				<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
				<prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>
				<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
			</props>
		</property>
	</bean>
	
	<!-- 配置JPA使用的事务管理器 -->
	<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
		<property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory"></property>
	</bean>
	
	<!-- 配置支持基于注解的事务配置 -->
	<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>	
</beans>

• db.properties

jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=root
jdbc.jdbcUrl=jdbc:mysql:///jpa
jdbc.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver 

• 导入Jar包

二、完善工程结构

1.编写实体类

• 在Entity包下创建Person实体类，内容如下：

package com.nyist.SpingUnionJPA.Entity;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
/**
*  至于 这些注解  什么意思   大家可以参考我的上一篇关于JPA的博客   SpingData整合JPA  在这个博客有详细解释
*/
@Table(name="jpa_person")
@Entity
public class Person {

	@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO)
	@Id
	@Column(length=10,unique=true,nullable=false)
	private Integer id;
	@Column(name="last_name",length=255)
	private String lastName;
	@Column(name="email",length=255)
	private String email;
	@Column(name="age",length=11,nullable=false)
	private Integer age;
	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getLastName() {
		return lastName;
	}
	public void setLastName(String lastName) {
		this.lastName = lastName;
	}
	public String getEmail() {
		return email;
	}
	public void setEmail(String email) {
		this.email = email;
	}
	public Integer getAge() {
		return age;
	}
	public void setAge(Integer age) {
		this.age = age;
	}
	public Person(Integer id, String lastName, String email, Integer age) {
		super();
		this.id = id;
		this.lastName = lastName;
		this.email = email;
		this.age = age;
	}
	public Person() {
		super();
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Person [id=" + id + ", lastName=" + lastName + ", email=" + email + ", age=" + age + "]";
	}
	
	
}

 

2.创建Dao层

• 创建PersonDao.java 文件，内容如下：

package com.nyist.SpingUnionJPA.Dao;

import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.PersistenceContext;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import com.nyist.SpingUnionJPA.Entity.Person;
//@Repository  将PersonDao 交给Spring容器管理  注入到容器中去
@Repository
public class PersonDao {
	
	/**
	 * 如何获取和当前事务关联的EntityManager 对象呢？
	 * 通过 @PersistenceContext
	 */
	//注入 EntityManagerFactory
	@PersistenceContext
	private  EntityManager entityManager;
	
	public void save(Person person){
		entityManager.persist(person);
	}
}

 

4.编写Service层

• 创建PersonService.java文件，内容如下：

package com.nyist.SpingUnionJPA.Service;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import com.nyist.SpingUnionJPA.Dao.PersonDao;
import com.nyist.SpingUnionJPA.Entity.Person;

@Service
public class PersonService {
	
	@Autowired
	private PersonDao personDao;
	
	@Transactional
	public void savePerson(Person person1,Person person2){
		personDao.save(person1);
		personDao.save(person2);
	}
}

 

5.测试

• 测试类如下：

package com.nyist.SpingUnionJPA.Test;

import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource;
import com.nyist.SpingUnionJPA.Entity.Person;
import com.nyist.SpingUnionJPA.Service.PersonService;


public class TestJPA {

	private PersonService personService = null;
	private ApplicationContext ctx = null;
	@Before
	public void before(){
		ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
		personService = ctx.getBean(PersonService.class);
	}
	
	@Test
	public void testJPA(){
		ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
		ComboPooledDataSource dataSource = (ComboPooledDataSource)ctx.getBean("dataSource");
		System.out.println(dataSource);
	}
	
	
	@Test
	public void testPersonService(){
		Person person1 = new Person();
		person1.setAge(12);
		person1.setEmail("qq@qq.com");
		person1.setLastName("NiHao");
		
		Person person2 = new Person();
		person2.setAge(13);
		person2.setEmail("QQ@qq.com");
		person2.setLastName("Hello World ");
		personService.savePerson(person1, person2);
	}
	
}

 

6.结果

7.项目结构

         

8.源码下载：下载