中介者模式的定义
中介者模式的定义为:Define an object that encapsulates how a set of objects interact.Mediator promotes loose coupling by keeping objects from referring to each other explicitly,and it lets you vary their interaction independently.(用一个中介对象封装一系列的对象交互,中介者使各对象不需要显示地相互作用,从而使其耦合松散,而且可以独立地改变它们之间的交互。)
中介者模式由以下几个部分组成:
- Mediator抽象中介类
- Concrete Mediator具体中介者角色
- Colleague同事角色
中介者模式通用源码
public abstract class Mediator {
protected ConcreteColleague1 c1;
protected ConcreteColleague2 c2;
public ConcreteColleague1 getC1() {
return c1;
}
public void setC1(ConcreteColleague1 c1) {
this.c1 = c1;
}
public ConcreteColleague2 getC2() {
return c2;
}
public void setC2(ConcreteColleague2 c2) {
this.c2 = c2;
}
//中介者模式的业务逻辑
public abstract void doSomething1();
public abstract void doSomething2();
}
public class ConcreteMediator extends Mediator {
@Override
public void doSomething1() {
super.c1.selfMethod1();
super.c2.selfMethod2();
}
@Override
public void doSomething2() {
super.c1.selfMethod1();
super.c2.selfMethod2();
}
}
public abstract class Colleague {
protected Mediator mediator;
public Colleague(Mediator mediator) {
this.mediator = mediator;
}
}
public class ConcreteColleague1 extends Colleague {
public ConcreteColleague1(Mediator mediator) {
super(mediator);
}
//自有方法
public void selfMethod1() {
//自己的逻辑
}
//依赖方法
public void depMethod1(){
super.mediator.doSomething1();
}
}
public class ConcreteColleague2 extends Colleague {
public ConcreteColleague2(Mediator mediator) {
super(mediator);
}
//自有方法
public void selfMethod2() {
//自己的逻辑
}
//依赖方法
public void depMethod2(){
super.mediator.doSomething2();
}
}
为什么同事类要使用构造函数注入中介者,而中介者使用getter/setter方式注入同事类呢?这是因为同事类必须有中介者,而中介者却可以只有部分同事类。
中介者模式的应用
优点
减少类间的依赖,降低类间的耦合
缺点
中介者类会膨胀的很大,而且逻辑复杂,同事类越多,中介者越复杂
使用场景
中介者模式适用于多个对象之间紧密耦合的情况,紧密耦合的标准是:在类图中出现了蜘蛛网状结构