递归生成菜单树

1. Demo

1.1 数据库sql

数据库sql
```sql
SET NAMES utf8mb4;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for menu
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `menu`;
CREATE TABLE `menu`  (
  `id` varchar(50) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '菜单id',
  `name` varchar(50) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '菜单名称',
  `parent_id` varchar(50) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '父菜单id',
  `url` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '菜单url',
  `icon` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '菜单图标',
  `order` int NOT NULL COMMENT '菜单顺序',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of menu
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `menu` VALUES ('1', '权限管理', '0', NULL, NULL, 1);
INSERT INTO `menu` VALUES ('10', '测试4', '2', NULL, NULL, 4);
INSERT INTO `menu` VALUES ('11', '村务1', '3', NULL, NULL, 1);
INSERT INTO `menu` VALUES ('12', '村务2', '3', NULL, NULL, 2);
INSERT INTO `menu` VALUES ('13', '增加用户', '4', NULL, NULL, 1);
INSERT INTO `menu` VALUES ('14', '删除用户', '4', NULL, NULL, 2);
INSERT INTO `menu` VALUES ('15', '更新用户', '4', NULL, NULL, 3);
INSERT INTO `menu` VALUES ('16', '查询用户', '4', NULL, NULL, 4);
INSERT INTO `menu` VALUES ('2', '测试菜单', '0', NULL, NULL, 2);
INSERT INTO `menu` VALUES ('3', '村务管理', '0', NULL, NULL, 3);
INSERT INTO `menu` VALUES ('4', '人员管理', '0', NULL, NULL, 4);
INSERT INTO `menu` VALUES ('5', '增加权限', '1', NULL, NULL, 1);
INSERT INTO `menu` VALUES ('6', '删除权限', '1', NULL, NULL, 2);
INSERT INTO `menu` VALUES ('7', '测试1', '2', NULL, NULL, 1);
INSERT INTO `menu` VALUES ('8', '测试2', '2', NULL, NULL, 2);
INSERT INTO `menu` VALUES ('9', '测试3', '2', NULL, NULL, 3);

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;

## 1.1 POM
```xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.chzu.menu</groupId>
    <artifactId>menu_list</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.2.2.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>


    <dependencies>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.20</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
            <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
            <version>5.7.5</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.15</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.16</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>
</project>

1.2 YML

server:
  port: 8000

spring:
  datasource:
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC
    username: root
    password: root
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource



mybatis:
  mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml
  type-aliases-package: com.chzu.querymenulist.entities

1.3 业务类

实体类

@Data
public class Menu {
    /**
     * 菜单 id
     */
    private String id;

    /**
     * 菜单 名称
     */
    private String name;

    /**
     * 父菜单 id
     */
    private String parentId;

    /**
     * 菜单 url
     */
    private String url;

    /**
     * 菜单 图标
     */
    private String icon;

    /**
     * 菜单 顺序
     */
    private Integer order;

    /**
     * 子菜单
     */

    private List<Menu> childMenus;
}

dao

@Mapper
public interface MenuDao {

    /**
     * 查询菜单即记录
     * @return
     */
    List<Menu> selectList();
}

mapper

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >

<mapper namespace="com.chzu.querymenulist.dao.MenuDao">

    <resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.chzu.querymenulist.entities.Menu">
    	<!--column="数据库中的字段名" property="java类中的属性名" -->
        <id column="id" property="id" jdbcType="VARCHAR"/>
        <id column="name" property="name" jdbcType="VARCHAR"/>
        <id column="parent_id" property="parentId" jdbcType="VARCHAR"/>
        <id column="url" property="url" jdbcType="VARCHAR"/>
        <id column="icon" property="icon" jdbcType="VARCHAR"/>
        <id column="order" property="order" jdbcType="INTEGER"/>
    </resultMap>

    <select id="selectList" parameterType="Long" resultMap="BaseResultMap">
        select * from menu;
    </select>

</mapper>

service

public interface MenuService {

    /**
     * 查询菜单即记录
     * @return
     */
    List<Menu> selectList();

    /**
     * 递归查询菜单
     * @return
     */
    List<Menu> menu();
}

serviceImpl

@Service
public class MenuServiceImpl implements MenuService {

    @Autowired
    private MenuDao menuDao;


    @Override
    public List<Menu> selectList() {
        List<Menu> menus = menuDao.selectList();
        return menus;
    }


    @Override
    public List<Menu> menu() {
        List<Menu> rootMenu = menuDao.selectList();
        //最后的返回的结果
        List<Menu> menuList;

        // "0" 是一级菜单的父菜单id
        menuList = buildMenuTree("0", rootMenu);

        return menuList;
    }

    private List<Menu> buildMenuTree(String id,List<Menu> rootMenu){

        List<Menu> childList = new ArrayList<>();
        //遍历所有节点，将父菜单id与传过来的id比较
        for(Menu menu: rootMenu){
            //寻找菜单父id值与传入id相等
            if (id.equals(menu.getParentId())){
                //递归调用
                menu.setChildMenus(buildMenuTree(menu.getId(),rootMenu));
                childList.add(menu);
            }
        }

        return childList;

    }
}

参考链接