AOJ 2170 Marked Ancestor （并查集）

Marked Ancestor

You are given a tree T that consists of N nodes. Each node is numbered from 1 to N, and node 1 is always the root node of T. Consider the following two operations on T:

• M v: (Mark) Mark node v.
• Q v: (Query) Print the index of the nearest marked ancestor of node v which is nearest to it. Initially, only the root node is marked.

Your job is to write a program that performs a sequence of these operations on a given tree and calculates the value that each Q operation will print. To avoid too large output file, your program is requested to print the sum of the outputs of all query operations. Note that the judges confirmed that it is possible to calculate every output of query operations in a given sequence.

Input

The input consists of multiple datasets. Each dataset has the following format:

The first line of the input contains two integers N and Q, which denotes the number of nodes in the tree Tand the number of operations, respectively. These numbers meet the following conditions: 1 ≤ N ≤ 100000 and 1 ≤ Q ≤ 100000.

The following N - 1 lines describe the configuration of the tree T. Each line contains a single integer pi (i = 2, ... , N), which represents the index of the parent of i-th node.

The next Q lines contain operations in order. Each operation is formatted as "M v" or "Q v", where v is the index of a node.

The last dataset is followed by a line containing two zeros. This line is not a part of any dataset and should not be processed.

Output

For each dataset, print the sum of the outputs of all query operations in one line.

Sample Input

6 3
1
1
2
3
3
Q 5
M 3
Q 5
0 0

Output for the Sample Input

4

挑战例题说这个是并查集的~

- - dfs水过去的 可能是数据太水了 - - 简单来说就是Mark的时候 改变下mark的父亲为他自己 - -

AC代码如下

//
//  AOJ 2170 Marked Ancestor
//
//  Created by TaoSama on 2015-03-16
//  Copyright (c) 2015 TaoSama. All rights reserved.
//
#include <algorithm>
#include <cctype>
#include <cmath>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstring>
#include <iomanip>
#include <iostream>
#include <map>
#include <queue>
#include <string>
#include <set>
#include <vector>
#define CLR(x,y) memset(x, y, sizeof(x))

using namespace std;
const int INF = 0x3f3f3f3f;
const int MOD = 1e9 + 7;
const int N = 1e5 + 10;

int n, q, par[N];

int find(int x) {
	if(par[x] == x) return x;
	return find(par[x]);
}

int main() {
#ifdef LOCAL
	freopen("in.txt", "r", stdin);
//	freopen("out.txt","w",stdout);
#endif
	ios_base::sync_with_stdio(0);

	while(~scanf("%d%d", &n, &q) && n && q) {
		par[1] = 1;
		for(int i = 2; i <= n; ++i) scanf("%d", &par[i]);

		long long ans = 0;
		for(int i = 1; i <= q; ++i) {
			char op[2]; int x;
			scanf("%s%d", op, &x);
			if(op[0] == 'Q') ans += find(x);
			else par[x] = x;
		}
		printf("%lld\n", ans);
	}
	return 0;
}