ssm整合

lxb_10323

于 2024-01-22 16:31:32 发布

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文章标签： java

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/lxb_10323/article/details/135751615

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学习目标

拦截器
文件上传
异常处理器
ssm整合

1.拦截器

1.1.什么是拦截器？

Spring MVC中的拦截器（Interceptor）类似于Servlet中的过滤器（Filter），它主要用于拦截用户请求并作相应的处理。例如通过拦截器可以进行权限验证、判断用户是否登录等。

拦截器依赖于web框架，在实现上基于Java的反射机制，属于面向切面编程（AOP）的一种运用。

1.2.自定义拦截器

1.2.1.创建拦截器

package com.qf.interceptor;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class CustomHandlerInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
    /**
     * 在控制器方法调用前执行
     * 返回值为是否中断
     *      true：表示继续执行（下一个拦截器或处理器）
     *      false：则会中断后续的所有操作，所以我们需要使用response来继续响应后续请求
     */
    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request,
                      HttpServletResponse response, Object object) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("HandlerInterceptor preHandle ....");
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * 在控制器方法调用后，解析视图前调用，我们可以对视图和模型做进一步渲染或修改
     * 可在modelAndView中加入数据，比如当前时间
     */
    @Override
    public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response, 
                         Object object, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("HandlerInterceptor postHandle ....");
    }

    /**
     * 整个请求完成，即视图渲染结束后调用，这个时候可以做些资源清理工作，或日志记录
     */
    @Override
    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request,
        HttpServletResponse response,Object object, Exception e) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("HandlerInterceptor afterCompletion ....");
    }
}

1.2.2.配置拦截器

    <!--配置拦截器 -->
    <mvc:interceptors>
        <mvc:interceptor>
            <!-- 匹配的是url路径 -->
            <mvc:mapping path="/**"></mvc:mapping>
            <bean class="com.qf.interceptor.CustomHandlerInterceptor"></bean>
        </mvc:interceptor>
    </mvc:interceptors>

1.2.3.测试

编写controller

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/account")
public class AccountController {

    @RequestMapping("/findAccount12")
    public String findAccount12(Model model) {
        model.addAttribute("msg", "欢迎你 springmvc");
        System.out.println("controller的方法执行了......");
        return "success";
    }
}

在index.jsp里面定义超链接

<a href="/account/findAccount12">拦截器</a>

1.3.登录拦截器

1.3.1.创建拦截器

package com.qf.interceptor;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class LoginInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {

    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request,
           HttpServletResponse response, Object object) throws Exception {
        String user = (String) request.getSession().getAttribute("user_session");
        if (user != null) {//已经登录，继续执行
            System.out.println("获得用户信息："+user);
            return true;
        } else {//未登录，跳转到登录页面
            response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath() +"/login.jsp");
            return false;
        }
    }
}

1.3.2.配置拦截器

    <mvc:interceptors>
        <mvc:interceptor>
            <!-- 匹配的是url路径 -->
            <mvc:mapping path="/**"></mvc:mapping>
            <bean class="com.qf.interceptor.LoginInterceptor"></bean>
        </mvc:interceptor>
    </mvc:interceptors>

1.3.3.测试

编写controller

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/account")
public class AccountController {

    @RequestMapping("/findAccount13")
    public String findAccount13(Model model) {
        model.addAttribute("msg", "欢迎你 springmvc");
        System.out.println("controller的方法执行了......");
        return "success";
    }
}

在index.jsp里面定义超链接

<%
   session.setAttribute("user_session","User{name:张二狗,age:18}");
%>
<a href="/account/findAccount13">登录拦截器</a>

2.文件上传

2.1.添加依赖

<!--文件上传-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
    <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
    <version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>

2.2.配置文件上传解析器

<!--配置文件上传解析器-->
<bean id="multipartResolver" 
      class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
    <property name="maxUploadSize" value="5242880" />
    <property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8" />
</bean>

2.3.测试

编写controller

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/account")
public class AccountController {

    @RequestMapping(path="/upload")
    public String upload(HttpServletRequest request, 
                             MultipartFile upload,Model model) throws IOException {
        System.out.println("springmvc方式的文件上传");
        //获取要上传的文件目录
        String path = 
            request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("/uploads");
        System.out.println("path:"+path);
        //根据文件上传的目录创建File对象，如果不存在则创建1个File对象
        File file = new File(path);
        if(!file.exists()){
            //创建一个file对象
            file.mkdirs();
        }
        //获取文件上传名称
        String filename = upload.getOriginalFilename();
        //完成文件上传
        upload.transferTo(new File(path,filename));

        model.addAttribute("msg", "欢迎你 springmvc");
        return "success";
    }
}

在index.jsp里面定义超链接

    <form action="/account/upload" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
        文件: <input type="file" name="upload"></input>
        <input type="submit" value="提交">
    </form>

3.异常处理器

如果不加以异常处理，错误信息肯定会抛在浏览器页面上，这样很不友好，所以必须进行异常处理。

3.1.异常处理思路

系统的dao、service、controller出现都通过throws Exception向上抛出，最后由springmvc前端控制器交由异常处理器进行异常处理，如下图：

3.2.创建异常处理器

@Component
public class CustomExceptionResolver implements HandlerExceptionResolver {

    @Override
    public ModelAndView resolveException(HttpServletRequest request,
                    HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) {
        ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
        modelAndView.addObject("message", ex.getMessage());
        modelAndView.setViewName("error");
        return modelAndView;
    }

}

3.3.测试

编写controller

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/account")
public class AccountController {

   @RequestMapping("/findAccount14")
    public String findAccount14(Model model) {
        model.addAttribute("msg", "欢迎你 springmvc");
        //模拟异常信息
        int i = 10/0;
        return "success";
    }
}

在index.jsp里面定义超链接

<a href="/account/findAccount14">异常处理器</a>

4.ssm整合

4.1.创建表

CREATE TABLE `account` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `name` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
  `money` double DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

4.2.创建工程

4.3.pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.qf</groupId>
    <artifactId>ssm</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>war</packaging>

    <properties>
        <spring.version>5.1.8.RELEASE</spring.version>
        <slf4j.version>1.6.6</slf4j.version>
        <log4j.version>1.2.12</log4j.version>
        <mysql.version>5.1.47</mysql.version>
        <mybatis.version>3.4.5</mybatis.version>
        <druid.version>1.1.0</druid.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--mybatis-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>${mybatis.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>${mysql.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--jsp-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.5</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.0</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>jstl</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- log start -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>        
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <!-- 配置Tomcat插件 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
                <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.2</version>
                <configuration>
                    <!--端口号-->
                    <port>8080</port>
                    <!--项目名-->
                    <path>/</path>
                    <!--按UTF-8进行编码-->
                    <uriEncoding>UTF-8</uriEncoding>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <!-- java编译插件 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.2</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                    <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>
</project>

4.4.log4j.properties

log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG,A1

log4j.appender.A1=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.A1.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.A1.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} - %c%l%m%n

4.5.db.properties

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssm?characterEncoding=utf-8
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=1111

4.6.applicationContext-dao.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
    <!-- 加载配置文件 -->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties" />
    <!-- 数据库连接池 -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource"
          destroy-method="close">
        <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
        <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
        <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}" />
        <property name="maxActive" value="10" />
        <property name="minIdle" value="5" />
    </bean>
    <!-- 让spring管理sqlsessionfactory 使用mybatis和spring整合包中的 -->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <!-- 数据库连接池 -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
        <!-- 别名-->
        <property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="com.qf.pojo"></property>
    </bean>
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.qf.mapper"></property>
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

4.7.applicationContext-tx.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
    <!-- 事务管理器 -->
    <bean id="transactionManager"
          class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <!-- 数据源 -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>
    <!-- 通知 -->
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
        <tx:attributes>
            <!-- 传播行为 -->
            <tx:method name="insert*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="select*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true"/>
            <tx:method name="get*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true"/>
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>
    <!-- 切面 -->
    <aop:config>
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice"
                     pointcut="execution(* com.qf.service.*.*(..))" />
    </aop:config>
</beans>

4.8.applicationContext-service.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
    <!-- 扫描service的包 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.qf.service"></context:component-scan>
</beans>

4.9.springmvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    <!-- 配置创建 spring 容器要扫描的包 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.qf.controller"></context:component-scan>

    <!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"></property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

4.10.web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
    <!--配置Spring的监听器 -->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:applicationContext-*.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

    <!-- 解决post乱码 -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>


    <!-- springmvc的前端控制器 -->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <!-- 拦截/，例如：/user/add  -->
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

4.11.pojo

public class Account {
    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private Double money;
    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Double getMoney() {
        return money;
    }

    public void setMoney(Double money) {
        this.money = money;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Account{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", money=" + money +
                '}';
    }
}

4.12.mapper

public interface AccountMapper {
    List<Account> selectAccount();
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.qf.mapper.AccountMapper">
    <select id="selectAccount" resultType="Account">
		select * from account
	</select>
</mapper>

4.13.service

@Service
public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService {

    @Autowired
    private AccountMapper accountMapper;

    @Override
    public List<Account> selectAccount() {
        return accountMapper.selectAccount();
    }
}

4.14.controller

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/account")
public class AccountController {

    @Autowired
    private AccountService accountService;

    @RequestMapping("/selectAccount")
    public String selectAccount(Model model){
        List<Account> list = accountService.selectAccount();
        model.addAttribute("list",list);
        return "select_account";
    }
}

4.15.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>查询所有账户</h2>
<table width="30%" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
    <tr>
        <th>id</th>
        <th>name</th>
        <th>money</th>
    </tr>
    <c:forEach var="list" items="${list}">
        <tr>
            <td>${list.id}</td>
            <td>${list.name}</td>
            <td>${list.money}</td>
        </tr>
    </c:forEach>
</table>
</body>
</html>

4.16.测试

lxb_10323

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ssm整合

Spring MVC中的拦截器（Interceptor）类似于Servlet中的过滤器（Filter），它主要用于拦截用户请求并作相应的处理。例如通过拦截器可以进行权限验证、判断用户是否登录等。拦截器依赖于web框架，在实现上基于Java的反射机制，属于面向切面编程（AOP）的一种运用。/*** 在控制器方法调用前执行* 返回值为是否中断* true：表示继续执行（下一个拦截器或处理器）
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