centos lamp 搭建

最新推荐文章于 2024-02-21 20:57:39 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-02-21 20:57:39 发布

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分类专栏： php学习之路文章标签： php 环境搭建

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Centos是基于yum的发行版本，包管理器就是一个管理软件的，linux每个发行版都会维护一个自己的软件仓库，里面又很多软件，你可以根据需要从里面选择软件安装，这一切只需要用命令就可以搞定，其实还是很方便的。lamp，就是 linux + apache + mysql + php 组成的一套web服务器环境。
在linux环境下，很多软件几乎所有软件都是可以编译源码安装的，但是这样相对麻烦，这篇博客也只是很浅的介绍，所以就不通过源码安装了，直接通过安装yum源仓库里的二进制安装包。下面就逐一安装我们需要的软件，安装命令如下：

<code class="language-shell hljs cmake has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">yum <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">install</span> httpd 
yum <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">install</span> mysql mysql-server
yum <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">install</span> php php-mysql
yum <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">install</span> redis
yum <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">install</span> mongodb mongodb-server  </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

安装基本上用上面这几个命令就可以搞定，但是这样配置起来的环境还不够全面，还需要安装其他的几个常用扩展。php-gd是php处理图形的扩展库，GD库提供了一系列用来处理图片的API，使用GD库可以处理图片，或者生成图片。php-redis是用php来访问redis数据库的扩展库。同样的，php-mongo是支持php访问mongo数据库的扩展。

<code class="language-shell hljs lasso has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">yum search php<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-gd</span>
yum install php<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-gd</span><span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>x86_64
yum search redis
yum install php<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-redis</span><span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>x86_64
yum search mongo
yum install php<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-pecl</span><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-mongo</span><span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>x86_64</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>

用下面的命令来启动或重启服务器，start 表示启动，也可以是stop 和 restart。

<code class="language-shell hljs sql has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">/etc/init.d/httpd <span class="hljs-operator" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">start</span>
/etc/init.d/mysqld <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">start</span></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li></ul>

安装完环境，还需要对apache的配置有一个大概的了解，apache的配置，如果是通过我们这种方式安装的话，应是 /etc/httpd.conf 。可以通过编辑这个文件来修改服务器的配置。在 web 目录下，写一个php脚本，hello.php。
同样，php也是有配置文件的，通过这种方式安装的php，配置文件在/etc/php.ini里，有时候需要修改配置的话，编辑这个文件即可，这里不再介绍。

<code class="language-php hljs  has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;"><?</span>
phpinfo();
<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">?></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul>

可以看到下面的内容，如果没有安装这些扩展，就不会有gd，redis，mongo这几个模块，在这个页面中搜索扩展的关键字，如果成功了，就会有一个和redis对应的表格说明，和下面redis的类似。安装这些扩展之后，需要重新启动服务器才可以在这里看到。

redis扩展

下面是用PHP访问redis和mongo的简单示例
PHP Redis 示例

<code class="language-php hljs  has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;"><?php</span>
   <span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">$redis</span> = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> Redis();
   <span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">$redis</span>->connect(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'127.0.0.1'</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">6379</span>);
   <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">echo</span> <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"Connection ok"</span>;
   <span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">$redis</span>->set(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"tutorial-name"</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"Redis"</span>);
<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">?></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>

PHP Mongo 示例

<code class="language-php hljs  has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;"><?php</span>
<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">$server</span> = <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"192.168.190.123"</span>;
<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">$conn</span> = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> Mongodb(<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">$server</span>);
<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">$conn</span>->selectDb(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"yourdb"</span>);
<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">$ret</span> = <span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">$conn</span>->update(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"your_collections"</span>,
            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">array</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'user_id'</span>=><span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">$user_id</span>),
            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">array</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'$set'</span>=><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">array</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'status'</span>=><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>)));
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">echo</span> <span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">$ret</span>
<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">?></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li></ul>

更多用法，请阅读官方文档！