NSURLSession基本使用

NSURLSession

• 使用步骤
  
  • 创建NSURLSession
  • 创建Task
  • 执行Task

NSURLSessionDataTask

• GET

    NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://124.25.226.186:32812/login?username=baoduit&pwd=baiduit"];
    NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];

    // 1.获得NSURLSession对象
    NSURLSession *session = [NSURLSession sharedSession];

    // 2.创建任务
    NSURLSessionDataTask *task = [session dataTaskWithRequest:request completionHandler:^(NSData *data, NSURLResponse *response, NSError *error) {
        NSLog(@"%@", [[NSString alloc] initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]);
    }];

    // 3.启动任务
    [task resume];

    NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://120.25.226.186:32812/login?username=baoduit&pwd=baoduit"];
    // 1.获得NSURLSession对象
    NSURLSession *session = [NSURLSession sharedSession];

    // 2.创建任务
    NSURLSessionDataTask *task = [session dataTaskWithURL:url completionHandler:^(NSData *data, NSURLResponse *response, NSError *error) {
         NSLog(@"%@", [[NSString alloc] initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]);
    }];
    // 3.启动任务
    [task resume];

• POST

    NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://123.25.226.186:32812/login"];
    // 设置请求头
    NSMutableURLRequest *request = [NSMutableURLRequest requestWithURL:url];
    request.HTTPMethod = @"POST";
    request.HTTPBody = [@"username=520it&pwd=520it" dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];

    // 1.获得NSURLSession对象
    NSURLSession *session = [NSURLSession sharedSession];

    // 2.创建任务
    NSURLSessionDataTask *task = [session dataTaskWithRequest:request completionHandler:^(NSData *data, NSURLResponse *response, NSError *error) {
        NSLog(@"%@", [[NSString alloc] initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]);
    }];
    // 3.启动任务
    [task resume];

• NSURLSessionDataDelegate代理注意事项
  
  • Task都是通过Session监听

 // 1.获得NSURLSession对象
    NSURLSession *session = [NSURLSession sessionWithConfiguration:[NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration] delegate:self delegateQueue:[[NSOperationQueue alloc] init]];

+ NSURLSessionDataDelegate`默认不会接受数据`

/**
 * 1.接收到服务器的响应
 */
- (void)URLSession:(NSURLSession *)session dataTask:(NSURLSessionDataTask *)dataTask didReceiveResponse:(NSURLResponse *)response completionHandler:(void (^)(NSURLSessionResponseDisposition))completionHandler
{
    NSLog(@"%s", __func__);
    NSLog(@"%@", [NSThread currentThread]);
    /*
     NSURLSessionResponseAllow: 去向处理服务器响应, 内部会调用[task cancle]
     NSURLSessionResponseCancel: 允许处理服务器的响应，才会继续接收服务器返回的数据
     NSURLSessionResponseBecomeDownload: 讲解当前请求变为下载
     */
    completionHandler(NSURLSessionResponseAllow);
}
/**
 * 2.接收到服务器的数据（可能会被调用多次）
 */
- (void)URLSession:(NSURLSession *)session dataTask:(NSURLSessionDataTask *)dataTask didReceiveData:(NSData *)data
{
    NSLog(@"%s", __func__);
}
/**
 * 3.请求成功或者失败（如果失败，error有值）
 */
- (void)URLSession:(NSURLSession *)session task:(NSURLSessionTask *)task didCompleteWithError:(NSError *)error
{
    NSLog(@"%s", __func__);
}

---

NSURLSessionDownloadTask

• DownloadTask默认已经实现边下载边写入

    // 1.创建request
    NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://123.25.226.186:32812/resources/videos/minion_01.mp4"];
    NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];

    // 2.创建session
    NSURLSession *session = [NSURLSession sharedSession];

    // 3.创建下载任务
    NSURLSessionDownloadTask *task = [session downloadTaskWithRequest:request completionHandler:^(NSURL *location, NSURLResponse *response, NSError *error) {
        NSLog(@"%@", location.absoluteString);

        NSFileManager *manager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
        NSString *toPath = [NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSCachesDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES) lastObject];
        toPath = [toPath stringByAppendingPathComponent:response.suggestedFilename];
        // 将下载好的文件从location移动到cache
        [manager moveItemAtURL:location toURL:[NSURL fileURLWithPath:toPath] error:nil];
    }];

    // 4.开启下载任务
    [task resume];

• DownloadTask断点下载
  
  • 暂停: suspend
  • 继续: resume
  • 取消: cancel
    
    • 任务一旦被取消就无法恢复
  • 区别并返回下载信息

    //取消并获取当前下载信息
[self.task cancelByProducingResumeData:^(NSData *resumeData) {
        self.resumeData = resumeData;
    }];

    // 根据用户上次的下载信息重新创建任务
    self.task = [self.session downloadTaskWithResumeData:self.resumeData];
    [self.task resume];

• DownloadTask监听下载进度

/**
 * 每当写入数据到临时文件时，就会调用一次这个方法
 * totalBytesExpectedToWrite:总大小
 * totalBytesWritten: 已经写入的大小
 * bytesWritten: 这次写入多少
 */
- (void)URLSession:(NSURLSession *)session downloadTask:(NSURLSessionDownloadTask *)downloadTask didWriteData:(int64_t)bytesWritten totalBytesWritten:(int64_t)totalBytesWritten totalBytesExpectedToWrite:(int64_t)totalBytesExpectedToWrite
{
    NSLog(@"正在下载: %.2f", 1.0 * totalBytesWritten / totalBytesExpectedToWrite);
}

/*
 * 根据resumeData恢复任务时调用
 * expectedTotalBytes:总大小
 * fileOffset: 已经写入的大小
 */
- (void)URLSession:(NSURLSession *)session downloadTask:(NSURLSessionDownloadTask *)downloadTask didResumeAtOffset:(int64_t)fileOffset expectedTotalBytes:(int64_t)expectedTotalBytes
{
    NSLog(@"didResumeAtOffset fileOffset = %lld , expectedTotalBytes = %lld", fileOffset, expectedTotalBytes);
}
/**
 * 下载完毕就会调用一次这个方法
 */
- (void)URLSession:(NSURLSession *)session downloadTask:(NSURLSessionDownloadTask *)downloadTask didFinishDownloadingToURL:(NSURL *)location
{
    NSLog(@"下载完毕");
    // 文件将来存放的真实路径
    NSString *file = [[NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSCachesDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES) lastObject] stringByAppendingPathComponent:downloadTask.response.suggestedFilename];

    // 剪切location的临时文件到真实路径
    NSFileManager *mgr = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
    [mgr moveItemAtURL:location toURL:[NSURL fileURLWithPath:file] error:nil];
}
/**
 * 任务完成
 */
- (void)URLSession:(NSURLSession *)session task:(NSURLSessionTask *)task didCompleteWithError:(NSError *)error
{
    NSLog(@"didCompleteWithError");
}

---

离线断点下载

• 使用NSURLSessionDataTask

NSMutableURLRequest *reuqest = [NSMutableURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://120.25.226.186:32812/resources/videos/minion_01.mp4"]];
// 核心方法, 实现从指定位置开始下载
NSInteger currentBytes = KCurrentBytes;
NSString *range = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"bytes=%zd-", currentBytes];
[reuqest setValue:range forHTTPHeaderField:@"Range"];

// 核心方法, 自己实现边下载边写入
- (void)URLSession:(NSURLSession *)session dataTask:(NSURLSessionDataTask *)dataTask didReceiveData:(NSData *)data;

---

NSURLSessionUploadTask

• 设置设置请求头, 告诉服务器是文件上传
  
  • multipart/form-data; boundary=lnj
• 必须自己严格按照格式拼接请求体
• 请求体不能设置给request, 只能设置给fromData
  
  • The body stream and body data in this request object are ignored.
    +

[[self.session uploadTaskWithRequest:request fromData:body completionHandler:^(NSData *data, NSURLResponse *response, NSError *error) {
        NSLog(@"%@", [NSJSONSerialization JSONObjectWithData:data options:kNilOptions error:nil]);
    }] resume];

• 注意:以下方法用于PUT请求

[self.session uploadTaskWithRequest:<#(nonnull NSURLRequest *)#> fromFile:<#(nonnull NSURL *)#>]