Hibernate入门07_继承映射01_discriminator方式

一、映射继承三种方式

1、discriminator方式，子类和父类公用一张表

2、joined方式

3、union方式

二、以Student继承Person为例，先说第1种，后两种分别下一篇文章说及。

三、代码

public class Person {
    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private String age;
    //set/get...
}
public class Student extends Person {
    private String school;
    //set/get...
}

Person.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<!-- Generated 2017-3-27 22:49:29 by Hibernate Tools 3.4.0.CR1 -->
<hibernate-mapping package="com.hibernate.n2n">
    <class name="Person" table="PERSONS" discriminator-value="PERSON">
        <id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer">
            <column name="ID" />
            <generator class="native" />
        </id>
        <!-- 配置辨别者列 -->
        <discriminator column="TYPE" type="string"></discriminator>

        <property name="name" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="NAME" />
        </property>
        <property name="age" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="AGE" />
        </property>
        <!-- 映射子类Student,使用subclass进行映射 -->
        <subclass name="Student" discriminator-value="STUDENT">
            <property name="school" type="string" column="SCHOOL"></property>
        </subclass>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

Test

package com.hibernate.n2n;

import static org.junit.Assert.*;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistry;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistryBuilder;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

public class HibernateTest {
    private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
    private Session session;
    private Transaction transaction;

    @Test
    public void testSave(){
        Person person = new Person();
        person.setAge("22");
        person.setName("AA");
        session.save(person);

        Student student = new Student();
        student.setSchool("BB");
        student.setAge("18");
        student.setName("CC");
        session.save(student);
    }

    /***
     * 缺点：使用了辨别者列
     *     子类独有的字段不能添加非空约束
     *      若继承太深，则数据表的字段也会较多
     */
    @Test
    public void testQuery(){
        //查询父类数据，只需查询一张表
        List<Person> persons = session.createQuery("FROM Person").list();
        System.out.println(persons.size());
        //查询父类数据，也只需查询一张表
        List<Student> students = session.createQuery("FROM Student").list();
        System.out.println(students.size());

    }

    @Before
    public void init() {
        System.out.println("HibernateTest.init()");

        // 1.创建一个sessionFactory对象
        Configuration configuration = new Configuration().configure();
        ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry = new ServiceRegistryBuilder().applySettings(configuration.getProperties())
                .buildServiceRegistry();
        sessionFactory = configuration.buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry);

        // 2.创建一个session对象
        session = sessionFactory.openSession();

        // 3.开启事务
        transaction = session.beginTransaction();

    }

    @After
    public void destroy() {
        System.out.println("HibernateTest.destroy()");
        // 5.提交事务
        transaction.commit();
        // 6.关闭session
        session.close();
        // 7.关闭SessionFactory
        sessionFactory.close();

    }

}

四，运行结果