一、获取一个字符串中包含几个指定的匹配字符串
在存储过程中要对一个字符中进行分割,获取里面以','分隔的各个字符串,如:
'0102_001956B_1,0102_001955A_1,0102_001954C_1,0102_001953D_1,0102_001952E_1'
要获取该字符串中有几个',' ,写法如下:
select
length('0102_001956B_1,0102_001955A_1,0102_001954C_1,0102_001953D_1,0102_001952E_1')-
length(replace('0102_001956B_1,0102_001955A_1,0102_001954C_1,0102_001953D_1,0102_001952E_1',',',''));
解析:
先取得字符串的总长度
length('0102_001956B_1,0102_001955A_1,0102_001954C_1,0102_001953D_1,0102_001952E_1')
使用replace把','替换成''后,再获取替换后的字符串的长度
length(replace('0102_001956B_1,0102_001955A_1,0102_001954C_1,0102_001953D_1,0102_001952E_1',',',''));
','的数量=原始长度-替换后的长度
二、逐个获取以分隔符间隔开的每个字符串
如要获取上面的字符串以','分隔开的每个字符串
'0102_001956B_1,0102_001955A_1,0102_001954C_1,0102_001953D_1,0102_001952E_1'
先按上面的方法获取有多少个字符串 N: ','的数量+1
手工逐个获取如下:
第一个:0102_001956B_1
select replace(substring_index('0102_001956B_1,0102_001955A_1,0102_001954C_1,0102_001953D_1,0102_001952E_1',',',1),
concat(substring_index('0102_001956B_1,0102_001955A_1,0102_001954C_1,0102_001953D_1,0102_001952E_1',',',0),','),'');
第N个:0102_001952E_1
select replace(substring_index('0102_001956B_1,0102_001955A_1,0102_001954C_1,0102_001953D_1,0102_001952E_1',',',N),
concat(substring_index('0102_001956B_1,0102_001955A_1,0102_001954C_1,0102_001953D_1,0102_001952E_1',',',N-1),','),'');
原理:
使用substring('字符串', '分隔符', n) 可以截取字符串中以分隔符分开的前n个串(带分隔符)
如取前2个串:
select substring_index('0102_001956B_1,0102_001955A_1,0102_001954C_1,0102_001953D_1,0102_001952E_1',',',2);
再取前1个串:
select substring_index('0102_001956B_1,0102_001955A_1,0102_001954C_1,0102_001953D_1,0102_001952E_1',',',1);
这样,要获取第2个串,就在前2个串的基础上把 “前1个串+ ',' ” 用 ''替换掉,则剩余的便是第2个串
select replace(substring_index('0102_001956B_1,0102_001955A_1,0102_001954C_1,0102_001953D_1,0102_001952E_1',',',2),
concat(substring_index('0102_001956B_1,0102_001955A_1,0102_001954C_1,0102_001953D_1,0102_001952E_1',',',1),','),'');
单个的分隔串取出来的,要逐个获取则使用循环从最低位开始逐一获取即可:伪代码如下
获取有多少个字符串 N: '分隔符'的数量+1 ;
设置循环开始位 i=0 (0用于获取第1个串);
while i<N do
select replace(substring_index(str,',',i+1),concat(substring_index(str,',',i),','),'') ; (获取第i+1个串值)
set i=i+1;
end while;